四磺酸酞菁镍-表面活性剂薄膜电极催化性能研究

四磺酸酞菁镍阴离子(NiPcTS^-^4)在水溶液中可借助离子交换进入阳离子表面活性剂双十二烷基二甲基溴化铵(DDAB)薄膜电极, 从而形成NiPcTS^-^4-DDAB薄膜电极。循环伏安实验表明, 在KBr溶液中, 该薄膜电极有一对良好的还原氧化峰, 阴阳极峰电位分别为-0.83V和-0.74V(vs.SCE)。本文探讨了该薄膜电极的电化学行为, 测定了该体系的电化学参数如电荷传递扩散系数Dct和非均相电极反应速率常数k°'等。可将NiPcTS^-^4-DDAB薄膜电极应用于催化各种卤代乙酸的电还原, 估计并比较了它们的表观催化反应速率常数。     

聚邻甲苯胺的合成及物理化学性质

聚苯胺的导电性和电化学特性已被广泛地研究。最近,对苯胺衍生物的聚合物也开始了研究,如聚邻甲氧基苯胺、聚邻苯二胺和聚邻氨基酚,其中聚邻甲氧基苯胺是一种可溶性的导电高分子材料。为了探讨苯胺聚合的机理和苯胺上不同基团对聚苯胺性质的影响,我们使用了十六种苯     

亚硒酸钠在L-半胱氨酸自组装类生物膜修饰电极上的电化学行为

利用L-半胱氨酸自组装膜修饰金电极(L-Cys,Au/SAMs), 在0.05mol/L H_2SO_4 底液中研究了 Na_2SeO_3 的电化学特性.在0.00～1.30 V (vs. SCE) 电位范围内对微量Na_2SeO_3进行循环伏安扫描,发现L-Cys, Au/SAMs修饰电极在峰电位0.89 V处有灵敏的Se的氧化溶出峰.通过比较裸金电极和修饰电极在Na_2SeO_3 溶液中的电化学特性发现,修饰电极通过巯基中的S与Na_2SeO_3发生氧化还原作用生成Se,且修饰电极对沉积在电极表面的Se的氧化过程具有催化作用.根据Na_2SeO_3在单分子膜上的电化学行为,提出了单分子膜中硫(Au-S)与Se(Ⅳ)作用生成Se的反应机理、Se电化学催化氧化机理及巯基化合物通过生成纳米硒生物吸收Se的类生物膜模型.     

ITO在NaOH溶液中阳极与阴极极化过程的电化学行为

通过循环伏安法等方法研究了氧化铟锡(ITO)透明导电薄膜的电化学行为. 获得了ITO薄膜在NaOH溶液中阴极和阳极极化处理前后的循环伏安曲线. 采用透射光谱, 方块电阻测试, 扫描电子显微镜(SEM), 能量色散X射线荧光光谱(EDS)与X射线衍射(XRD)表征ITO薄膜经电化学处理后的反应产物. 结果表明, ITO薄膜在阳极处理后(约为+1.5 V(vs SCE))保持了稳定的成分和结构. 但经阴极处理后(约为-1.5 V(vs SCE))发生了严重的电化学腐蚀, 可见光透射率大幅下降, 方块电阻增加一个数量级. 经SEM、EDS和XRD表征分析, 证明阴极处理过程使ITO薄膜中的In3+还原成了In单质.     

液/液界面萃取循环伏安法测定Pb2+离子研究

本文利用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵（APDC）作为螯合剂,甲基异丁酮（MIBK）作为萃取剂,将水相中的Pb2+萃取到有机相中,利用经典的三电极系统研究该有机相在液/液界面的伏安特性。实验结果表明,该电化学过程是一个由扩散控制的不可逆过程,Pb2+的萃取物从有机相转移到水相。铅萃取物的转移峰在0.16V vs.SCE处,并且在1.0×10-5~ 9.0×10-5mol/L范围内与峰电流大小成正比。这一方法为工业废水中铅的在线、现场测定提供了可靠、灵敏的监测方法。     

芦荟大黄素1.5阶微分阳极溶出伏安法测定及电化学性质研究

研究了芦荟大黄素在以 0 .1mol/LHAc (pH 2 .89)为支持电解质 ,玻碳电极为工作电极的吸附伏安行为 .结果表明芦荟大黄素存在一个准可逆的双电子转移过程 ,其峰电流Ip 和峰电位Ep 与溶液 pH值有关 .同时还建立了用 1.5阶微分阳极溶出伏安法测定含量的新方法 .在 - 0 .80V(vs.SCE)电位下富集 ,可得一灵敏的微分阳极溶出峰 ,峰电位Ep 为 - 0 .38V ,峰电流Ip 与芦荟大黄素的浓度在 2 .0× 10 - 7～ 8.0× 10 - 6 mol/L范围内成线性关系 ,最低检出限为 1.0× 10 - 7mol/L .该法用于含有芦荟大黄素体系的测定 ,具有简便、快速、准确等优点     

吡柔比星的伏安行为及其应用

吡柔比星在 0 .1 mol/L HAc- Na Ac缓冲溶液 (p H4.3)中 ,出现一灵敏的示波极谱导数还原峰 ,峰电位为 - 0 .39V(vs.SCE) ,峰电流与吡柔比星浓度在 2 .0× 1 0 -7～ 4.0× 1 0 -6mol/L范围内成正比。检出限为 1 .0× 1 0 -8mol/L。用于病人尿样的测定。用线性扫描和循环伏安法研究体系的性质。体系属具有吸附性的可逆过程。     

电化学方法对农药啶虫脒的间接测定

啶虫脒本身不具有电化学性质,而其在NaOH溶液中的水解产物为电活性物质。采用循环伏安法(CV)、示差脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究了啶虫脒水解产物在碳糊电极上的电化学行为,并初步探讨了其反应机理。在pH9.0的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中,啶虫脒水解产物在约0.9 V(vs.SCE)产生一灵敏的氧化峰,表明电极反应是受扩散控制的不可逆氧化过程。基于啶虫脒水解产物的氧化行为,以0.9 V为工作电位,采用计时安培法进行测定,其响应电流与啶虫脒的浓度在2.0×10-7~2.8×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,方法的检出限为1.0×10-7mol/L。该方法成本低、操作方便、重复性好,对人体与环境无毒害,将其用于啶虫脒实际样品的测定,结果满意。     

Electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of hemoglobin in Nafion/nano-CaCO3 film on a new ionic liquid BPPF6 modified carbon paste electrode

Room temperature ionic liquid N-butylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate (BPPF6) was used as a binder to construct a new carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE), which exhibited enhanced electrochemical behavior as compared with the traditional carbon paste electrode with paraffin. By using the CILE as the basal electrode, hemoglobin (Hb) was immobilized on the surface of the CILE with nano-CaCO3 and Nafion film step by step. The Hb molecule in the film kept its native structure and showed good electrochemical behavior. In pH 7.0 Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer solution, a pair of well-defined, quasi-reversible cyclic voltammetric peaks appeared with cathodic and anodic peak potentials located at -0.444 and -0.285 V (vs SCE), respectively, and the formal potential (E degrees') was at -0.365 V, which was the characteristic of Hb Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couples. The formal potential of Hb shifted linearly to the increase of buffer pH with a slope of -50.6 mV pH-1, indicating that one electron transferred was accompanied with one proton transportation. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy studies showed that Hb immobilized in the Nafion/nano-CaCO3 film still remained its native arrangement. The Hb modified electrode showed an excellent electrocatalytic behavior to the reduction of H2O2, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and NaNO2.     

四磺酸酞菁铜—DDAB表面活性剂薄膜电极对卤代乙酸的电化学催化

四磺酸酞菁铜阴离子（ＣｕＰｃＴｓ＾４－）在水溶液中可借助离子交换进入阳离子表面活性剂双十二烷基二甲基溴化铵（ＤＤＡＢ）薄膜电极，从而形成ＣｕＰｃＴＳ＾４－－ＤＤＡＢ薄膜电极，循环伏安实验表明，在ＫＢｒ溶液中，该薄膜电极有一对良好的还原氧化峰，阴阳极峤电位分别为－０．７８Ｖ和－０．６５Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）．探讨了该薄膜电极的电化学行为，特别是对其各种卤代乙酸的电化学催化，对其机理进行了推测。     

碳糊电极阳极吸附伏安法测定大黄酸

在pH4.2的HAc-NaAc底液中,大黄酸在碳糊电极(CPE)上有一灵敏的吸附氧化峰,峰电位为1.14V(vs.SCE)。该氧化峰的二阶导数峰电流与大黄酸的浓度在8.0×10-9~8.0×10-7mol/L(富集120s)范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.998),检出限为2×10-9mol/L(S/N=3,富集180s)。探讨了大黄酸在CPE上的伏安性质和电极反应机理,并将本法应用于中药大黄中的大黄酸的测定,结果良好。     

Voltammetric Determination of Folic Acid with a Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Modified Gold Electrode

The voltammetric behavior of folic acid (FA) at a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) modified gold electrode has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and chronocoulometry. The modified electrode exhibits a good promoting effect on the electrochemical reaction of FA. FA can generate a well-defined anodic peak at around 0.83 V (vs. SCE) in 0.1 M H₃PO₄–NaH₂PO₄ buffer solution of pH 2.5. The peak results from a 2-electron transfer of FA, and the standard potential of FA is estimated to be 0.79 V (vs. SCE). The parameters affecting the response of FA, such as solution pH, accumulation time, accumulation potential, and amount of MWNTs are optimized for the determination of FA. Under the optimum conditions, the peak current changes linearly with FA concentration in the range from 2.0 × 10⁻⁸ M to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ M. This method has been applied to the determination of FA in drug tablets, and the recovery is 93.9–96.9%. In addition, the influence of some coexistent species is examined. When a Nafion layer is introduced on the gold electrode before deposition of MWNTs, the resulting composite electrode can give better response to FA. At the same time, the interference by some foreign species is suppressed to some extent.     

Direct Electrochemistry of Hemoglobin Immobilized in Sodium Alginate Film on the Ionic Liquid [BMIM]PF6 Modified Carbon Paste Electrode

In recent years the direct electron transfer of redox protein on electrode surface has attracted great attentions1. Different kind of modified electrode and various supporting films for immobilization of proteins had been proposed. But most of them are ba…     

在双层金属修饰的n+/p-Si光阳极上的催化析氧

The modified n~+/p-Si photoanode had been prepared by ion sputtering first with thickness of 4.0 nm platinum and then by electroplating a thin W-Ni alloy film. It was found that when this photoanode was illuminated with anodic bias (at 1.0 V vs. 1N HgO electrode) under cyclic voltammetric conditions, the photocurrent density might reach 46.4 mA cm~(-2). It was clear that W-Ni film appeared an excellent catalytic action for oxygen evolution. The surface of n~+/p-Si photoanode modified by double metal films had also been studied using methods of scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectro-scopy.     

纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极线性扫描伏安法测定苯酚

在0.01mol.L-1硼砂溶液(pH 9.18)中,用纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极作为工作电极,线性扫描伏安法测定苯酚。伏安图上出现一灵敏的氧化峰,其峰电位为+0.56V(vs.SCE),峰电流与苯酚的浓度在1.0×10-7～2.0×10-4 mol.L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为5.0×10-8 mol.L-1。富集时间为30s,同时采用线性扫描伏安法研究苯酚在纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极上的氧化还原反应,结果表明此电极反应为一不可逆的吸附过程。     

双硫腙水溶液的极谱研究

用单扫描极谱法和循环伏安法研究了双硫腙在酸性和碱性水溶液中的极谱行为.在碱性介质中,有三个还原波-0.63,-0.52和-0.45V,分别对应于双硫腙阴离子,它的氧化产物四氮化合物和二硫化合物的还原过程,在酸性介质中,只有一个-0.18V的双硫腙还原波.上述波的电极反应和特征也讨论了.     

痕量铅在草酸修饰电极上阳极溶出伏安的研究

本文对草酸修饰电极的制作、痕量铅在草酸修饰电极上的反应机理和电化学特性作了研究。采用阳极溶出伏安法,测定铅的灵敏度比玻碳电极提高7.5倍,在1.0～15.0ng·/mL铅浓度范围内溶出峰高与铅浓度呈良好的线性关系。连续测定12次变异系数为3.0％。利用草酸修饰电极对人尿中痕量铅进行了测定,结果良好。     

镉(Ⅱ)-meso(4-磺基苯)卟啉络合物的极谱伏安行为

用紫外分光光度法和循环伏安法考察了镉与meso(4-磺基苯)卟啉在强碱性溶液中形成的络合物的特性.结果表明,加入Cd(Ⅱ)后该卟啉的索瑞特(Soret)吸收带发生发红移,循环伏安图上出现了新的还原峰,峰电位为-1.20V(vs.SCE),络合物的络合比为11,稳定常数β=1.19×107.本文还用多种电化学技术证明了络合物的还原峰电流具有吸附特征;用示波极谱法二阶导数波测试了峰电流与镉离子浓度的关系,结果表明镉离子在3×10-7～1×10-5mol/L的浓度范围内与络合物峰电流有良好的线性关系;并求得了电极反应的电子转移数为2.此外本文还对络合物的电极反应机理进行了探讨.     

茜素修饰碳糊电极吸附伏安法测定痕量铜

报道了采用茜素修饰碳糊电极测定痕量铜的阳极溶出伏安法。在浓度为0 .1 mol/L 的 HAc- Na Ac缓冲溶液 (p H4.5)中 ,于 +0 .1 0 V处富集 ,- 0 .30 V还原后再进行阳极化扫描 ,于 - 0 .0 5V处获得一灵敏的铜的溶出峰 ,二次导数峰电流与铜浓度在 1 .6× 1 0 -9mol/L～ 4.7× 1 0 -7mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ,检出限达 8.0× 1 0 -10 mol/L。同时 ,对电极反应机理进行了讨论。方法应用于锌合金中铜的测定。     

Cyclic Voltammetric and Morphological Studies of Polyaniline

Cyclic voltammograms and morphology of polyaniline were studied under various synthetic conditions and in various protonic acid media. The effect of protonic acid is not remarkable. The cyclic voltammogram and morphology depend on the synthetic conditions. The anodic peak potential at 0.14 V versus SCE in the cyclic voltammogram is pH independent. The anodic peak potential at 0.7 V versus SCE (pH=1) is pH dependent. By comparing the range of pH and oxidation potential of the conductive form, we propose that the conductive species which exists in the potential range between the first and the second peak in cyclic voltammogram is the radical cation.