Variétés linéaires par morceaux et variétés combinatoires

Résumé On conna?t le r?le important joué par la notion de variété combinatoire dans dans les développements récents de la topologie différentielle [6], [8]. Une structure combinatoire sur une variété topologiqueU s'identifie à une classe de triangulations isomorphes deU (i.e. deux quelconques d'entre elles sont obtenues à partir de complexes simpliciaux qui admettent des subdivisions isomorphes). Il convient de considerer en outre une relation d'équivalence plus forte définissant des structures de “variétés linéaires par morceaux”, une structure combinatoire correspondant à une classe de structures linéaires par morceaux “homéomorphes”. Nous montrons que cette notion est équivalente, sur une variété paracompacte, à celle de structure d'espace localement isomorphe à Rⁿ munie du pseudogroupe des homéomorphismes locaux linéaires par morceaux. On montre aussi que les variétés linéaires par morceaux forment une catégorie qui admet un foncteur covariant associant à chaque objetU de la catégorie un espace fibré C(U) de “c?nes tangents”. Au Professeur Enrico Bompiani, pour son Jubilé scientifique, en témoignage de mon admiration. Ce travail développe des exposés faits au Séminaire mathématique de l'Ecole de Physique et Mathématique de l'Université Centrale du Vénézuéla (Caracas) en mai 1961. (Voir [4b]).     

Propagation des singularités des courants positifs fermés

Given a closed positive currentT on a bounded Runge open subset Ω ofC ⁿ , we study sufficient conditions for the existence of a global extension ofT toC ⁿ . WhenT has a sufficiently low density, we show that the extension is possible and that there is no propagation of singularities, i.e.T may be extended by a closed positiveC ^∞-form outside \(\bar \Omega \) . Conversely, using recent results ofH. Skoda andH. El Mir, we give examples of non extendable currents showing that the above sufficient conditions are optimal in bidegree (1, 1).     

Fibrés d'intersection

Let f:XSbe a projective morphism of Noetherian schemes. We assume fpurely of relative dimension dand finite Tor-dimensional. We associate to d+1 invertible sheaves on Xa line bundle I _X/S ( ) on Sdepending additively on the , commuting to good base changes and which represents the integral along the fibres of fof the product of the first Chern classes of the . If d=0, I _X/S ( ) is the norm N _X/S ( ).     

Déformations de fibrés vectoriels sur les variétés de dimension 3

In the first part, we give some necessary conditions for a torsion free sheaf on a smooth threefold to be a reduced limit of vector bundles.In a second part of the article, we illustrate these results by reinterpreting a condition described by G. Ellingsrud and S.A. Strømme as a condition obtained in the first part. This enables us to identify, in a well known too big familly, the torsion free sheaves that are limit of vector bundles.     

Inégalités de Brascamp-Lieb et convexité

This note gives an elementary proof of an inequality of Brascamp-Lieb and of a new dual inequality that has numerous applications to convexity: lower estimates of volumes of projections, of exterior volume ratio and MM^* -estimate in the non symmetric case.     

Propriétés d'indépendance algébrique de valeurs de séries de Hecke–Mahler

Here we characterize in a complete and explicit way the relations of algebraic dependence over $\mathbb{Q}$ of complex values of Hecke–Mahler series at algebraic points of the multiplicative group ${\mathbb{G}}_{\mathrm{m}}^2(\mathbb{C})$. Our result contains previous results of Loxton and van der Poorten, Mahler, and Masser. To cite this article: F. Pellarin, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2005).     

Variétés instables d'ensembles hyperboliques

Here the unstable manifolds of hyperbolic systems admitting a one-rectangle Markov partition are characterized up to homeomorphism and up to topological conjugacy (of the underlying dynamics) in a very easy-to-compute way. The geometrical behaviour of the unstable manifolds is described with the help of an algebraic setting.     

Ségrégation d'impuretés dans la glace

Summary The theoretical distribution of impurities along a growing ice crystal is calculated for an arbitrary initial distribution in the liquid, and agrees qualitatively with results obtained with hydrofluoric acid. Stirring the liquid phase allows a satisfactory determination of the segregation coefficient for HF, NH₃, and NH₄F as a function of the concentration of the solution.

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actuellement Institut fédéral pour I'étude de la neige et des avalanches, Weissfluhjoch/Davos, respectivement Instituto de Física de la Atmósfera, Buenos Aires, Argentine.     

Intégalités isopérimétriques pour les graphes

In this article we prove the equivalence between the strong isoperimetric inequality #A #A, for any subset A of countable graph cG, and the inequality for any function with finite variation on cG and null at infinity, with optimal constant. More generally, we prove the equivalence between the isoperimetric inequality # A cP ^-1(1/# A) # A and the inequality || ||_cM | |_var, where cM is a Young function and cP its conjugate, and we also obtain an isoperimetric inequality in as an application.     

Lemmes de décomposition appliqués à des inégalités de type Hardy–Sobolev

Decomposition (or concentration-compactness) lemmas have already shown their efficience in order to show existence of minimizers or ground state solutions. The aim of this paper is to apply new version of these lemmas to minimisation problems involving Hardy–Sobolev type inequalities on a specific class of unbounded domains. More precisely, we shall find ground state solution for the following quotient, where value of real numbers ,b,q and are given.

Géométrie diophantienne et variétés toriques

We present some results on projective toric varieties which are relevant in diophantine geometry. We interpret and study several invariants attached to these varieties by geometrical and combinatorial terms. We also give a Bézout theorem for Chow weights of projective varieties and an application to the theorem of successive algebraic minima. These results are extracted from the two texts of Philippon and Sombra mentioned in the references at the end of this Note (both downloadable from http://fr.arxiv.org). To cite this article: P. Philippon, M. Sombra, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 340 (2005).     

Analyse sur les variétés cuspidales

Résumé. Dans cet article, nous nous proposons d'étudier quelques problèmes d'analyse sur les variétés cuspidales, par exemple, la fonction maximale de Hardy-Littlewood, l'estimation en temps petit du noyau de la chaleur ainsi que de son gradient, et aussi les transformées de Riesz.Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 58J35, 42B20, 42B25     

Sur quelques variétés d'Einstein compactes

Résumé On démontre en particulier qu'un variété riemanienne compacte d'Enstein de dimension quatre et de courbure comprise entre1 et1/4 est nécessairement à courbure constante. à M. Enrico Bompiani pour son Jubilé scientifique.     

Sur les sous-variétés des tores

In Invent. Math. 126 (2000), pp. 513–545, we gave a proof of Lang's conjecture on Abelian varieties leading to an effective bound for the number of translates involved. We show here that the method can be extended to give a similar statement for the Mordell–Lang plus Bogomolov theorem proven by B. Poonen and independently by S. Zhang. We deal in detail with tori for which effective results have been obtained by J.-H. Evertse and H. P. Schlickewei; we improve on these mainly by providing polynomial bounds in the degree instead of doubly exponential ones. We also state a theorem for Abelian varieties. In both cases the strategy of proof is based on the approach of Mumford and Vojta–Faltings–Bombieri together with an effective Bogomolov property and therefore does not rely on either equidistribution nor subspace theorem arguments.     

Singularités canoniques et actions horosphériques

Let G be a connected reductive linear algebraic group. We consider the normal G-varieties with horospherical orbits. In this short note, we provide a criterion to determine whether these varieties have at most canonical, log canonical or terminal singularities in the case where they admit an algebraic curve as rational quotient. This result seems to be new in the special setting of torus actions with general orbits of codimension 1. For the given G-variety X, our criterion is expressed in terms of a weight function ${\omega }_X$ that is constructed from the set of G-invariant valuations of the function field $k(X)$. In the log terminal case, the generating function of ${\omega }_X$ coincides with the stringy motivic volume of X. As an application, we discuss the case of normal $k^{?}$-surfaces.     

Catégories dérivées et variétés de Deligne-Lusztig

Sans résumé