Effect of Mg/Al atom ratio of support on catalytic performance of Co-Mo/MgO-Al2O3 catalyst for water gas shift reaction

Co-Mo-based catalysts supported on mixed oxide supports MgO-Al₂O₃ with different Mg/Al atom ratios for water gas shift reaction were studied by means of TPR, Raman, XPS and ESR. It was found that the octahedral Mo species in oxidized Co-Mo/MgO(x)-Al₂O₃ catalyst and the contents of Mo⁵⁺, Mo⁴⁺, S²⁻ and S²⁻₂ species in the functioning catalysts increased with increasing the Mg/Al atom ratio of the support under the studied experimental conditions. This is favorable for the formation of the active Co-Mo-S phase of the catalysts. Catalytic performance testing results showed that the catalysts Co-Mo/MgO-Al₂O₃ with the Mg/Al atom ratio of the support in the range of 0.475–0.525 exhibited optimal catalytic activity for the reaction.     

Co－Mo／MgO－Al_2O_3水煤气耐硫变换催化剂失活的研究

利用Ｘ－射线衍射、扫描电镜、拉曼光谱、等离子发射光谱和比表面测定等方法研究了不同状态下失活及新鲜催化剂的结构，杂质种类及含量。结果表明，超温使催化剂晶化明显，制备方法对催化剂结构有直接影响，再生使其强度降低，条形催化剂比较容易粉化。无机杂质是次要的失活原因。     

Water gas shift activity of Co-Mo/MgO-Al2O3 catalysts presulfided with ammonium sulfide

Co-Mo/MgO-Al2O3 catalyst was presulfided with ammonium sulfide in aqueous solution and activated with synthesis gas for water gas shift reaction. The assay results indicate that the presulfided Co-Mo/MgO-Al2O3 catalyst exhibits an excellent catalytic activity and stability. XRD and EPR characterization results show that the O-S exchange might occur during the impregnation, leading to the formation of (NH4)2MoS4 (or (NH4)2MoxSy) precursor, which was then thermally decomposed and reduced to MoS2. The higher c...     

CeO_2-Al_2O_3负载金催化剂用于水煤气变换反应的催化活性

采用浸渍法和沉积-沉淀法制备了CeO2-Al2O3复合氧化物,比较了复合氧化物负载纳米金催化剂对水煤气变换反应的催化活性。通过N2物理吸附、XRD、TEM、H2-TPR等表征手段对复合氧化物及其负载金催化剂的物相和结构进行分析,发现复合氧化物的制备方法及其焙烧温度对其比表面积、孔结构及水煤气变换反应活性有明显的影响。与沉积-沉淀法相比,浸渍法制备的CeO2-Al2O3复合氧化物具有较大的CeO2晶粒尺寸,经500℃焙烧后再负载金,所得催化剂具有更高的活性,250℃时CO转化率可达78.1%。     

CeO2-Al2O3负载金催化剂用于水煤气变换反应的催化活性

采用浸渍法和沉积 沉淀法制备了CeO₂-Al₂O₃复合氧化物,比较了复合氧化物负载纳米金催化剂对水煤气变换反应的催化活性。通过N2物理吸附、XRD、TEM、H₂-TPR等表征手段对复合氧化物及其负载金催化剂的物相和结构进行分析,发现复合氧化物的制备方法及其焙烧温度对其比表面积、孔结构及水煤气变换反应活性有明显的影响。与沉积 沉淀法相比,浸渍法制备的CeO₂-Al₂O₃复合氧化物具有较大的CeO₂晶粒尺寸,经500℃焙烧后再负载金,所得催化剂具有更高的活性,250℃时CO转化率可达78.1%。     

Co-Mo/Al2O3耐硫变换催化剂的表征研究

采用常压微反、程序升温还原（TPR）、程序升温硫化（TPS）及原位红外光谱（IR）等技术，对Co-Mo/Al2O3催化剂的表征研究发现：在Co-Mo/Al2O3催化剂中不仅存在着Co、Mo中心，而且存在由Co、Mo相互作用产生的中心， Co-Mo/Al2O3催化剂的催化性能是由Co、Mo中心和Co、Mo相互作用产生的中心共同作用的结果。     

Ferrofluid catalyzed water gas shift reaction to give carbon-dioxide and hydrogen

A ferrofluid consisting of colloidally dispersed magnetite particles in water was found to be an efficient selective catalyst for water gas shift reaction at 15–25 atmosphere of CO pressure in the temperature range of 423–553 K where the products obtained were only CO₂ and H₂. The reaction was studied as a function of variation of the concentration of catalyst, pressure of CO gas and temperature. Kinetic parameters suggested a mechanism involving first order dependence in CO and catalyst concentrations.     

负载Fe2O3的Zr基钙钛矿催化剂对逆水煤气反应的影响

采用固相反应法制备了钙钛矿结构的BaZr_0.9Y_0.1O₃,并用BaZr_0.9Y_0.1O₃作为载体负载Fe₂O₃,通过X射线衍射分析（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察负载型催化剂的晶相结构和微观形貌,同时考察了制备的催化剂的逆水煤气反应催化活性。结果表明,BaZr_0.9Y_0.1O₃粉体1200℃煅烧5h时,负载型催化剂具有较好的催化活性;BaZr_0.9Y_0.1O₃对逆水煤气反应有一定的催化作用,负载少量的Fe₂O₃催化剂可以明显促进CO₂还原,在空速为1.13h^-1,温度为650℃时,CO收率可以达到31%;催化剂经过长时间运行催化效果良好,制备的催化剂活性较稳定。     

Co-Mo/SiO2-Al2O3润滑油加氢处理催化剂的制备

以Pluronic P₁₂₃作结构导向剂,采用Al （NO₃）₃-NaAlO₂双水解法合成氧化铝,在成胶过程中加入正硅酸乙酯,制备硅质量分数分别为5%、10%、15%的SiO₂-Al₂O₃载体,并通过共浸渍法制备出Co-Mo/SiO₂-Al₂O₃润滑油加氢处理催化剂。通过XRD、N₂吸附-脱附、Py-FTIR、NH₃-TPD、H₂-TPR、TEM和XRF等手段对载体及催化剂的性质进行表征。结果表明,硅质量分数为10%的SiO₂-Al₂O₃具有优良的孔结构、较多的中强酸以及部分有序的介孔结构。以此为载体制备的Co-Mo/10% SiO₂-Al₂O₃催化剂中,MoS₂颗粒均匀地分散在载体上,具有更多的B酸性位和Ⅱ型CoMoS活性相。以减二线蜡油为原料油的固定床活性评价结果表明,生成油中主要组分为链烷烃与环烷烃;尤其Co-Mo/10% SiO₂-Al₂O₃催化剂具有优良的加氢性能,在15 MPa、380℃、氢油比为1000、空速为0.6 h^-1的反应条件下,其HDS和HDN数值均超过99%,产品中S含量小于10 μg/g,N含量小于2 μg/g,可以满足后续异构脱蜡等对原料的要求。     

Synthesis of ternary mesoporous Cu-Zn-SiO2 materials at ambient temperature and their application for the water gas shift reaction

A series of ternary mesoporous CuZnMCM-41 materials has been synthesized at ambient temperature and their structure was characterized by XRD, N₂ physical adsorption and TPR techniques. Their catalytic applications in CO water gas shift reaction were studied.     

费-托合成Co/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂反应性能的研究

以ZrOCl2·6H2O和AlCl3为原料,采用共沉淀方法制得一系列不同ZrO2质量分数的ZrO2-Al2O3混合氧化物载体;并以该混合氧化物为载体,采用初湿浸渍法制得钴质量分数为12％的Co/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂。XRD、NH3-TPD、TPR和原位IR等表征结果表明,随着混合载体中ZrO2质量分数的增加,载体比表面积先增加后减少,混合载体的平均孔径则小于单一氧化物ZrO2和Al2O3的平均孔径。ZrO2和Al2O3载体混合后会导致氧化物的比表面积和酸性增大并且有新的物相生成。当混合氧化物用作载体时,能够抑制载体表面金属钴的分散,改变催化剂的还原行为,降低催化剂对CO物种的吸附能力。CO加氢反应表明,与单一金属氧化物相比,钴负载ZrO2-Al2O3混合氧化物催化剂的加氢活性和重质烃选择性有所降低。     

TiO_2-Al_2O_3复合载体的制备及Co-Mo/TiO_2-Al_2O_3催化剂加氢脱硫性能的研究

通过改进的溶胶-凝胶法(SG)、共沉淀法(CP)、表面沉淀法(PR)及混捏法(ME)制备TiO_2-Al_2O_3复合载体,考察了不同制备方法对复合载体物理性质的影响。采用浸渍法制备Co-Mo/TiO_2-Al_2O_3-X加氢脱硫催化剂,研究了Co-Mo/TiO_2-Al_2O_3-X加氢脱硫催化剂的脱硫性能。利用XRD、BET、SEM等表征手段对复合载体及催化剂进行表征分析。结果表明,SG法制备的复合载体粒径均一,具有较大的比表面积、孔径和孔体积;CP法制备复合载体时TiO_2以单层或亚单层的分散状态高度分散于γ-Al_2O_3中。在氢气压力3.0 MPa、反应温度280℃、反应时间4 h、液时空速1.4 h-1和氢油比600的条件下,SG法制备的Co-Mo/TiO_2-Al_2O_3催化剂具有较高加氢脱硫活性,噻吩转化率达到96.6%。     

Activity promotion of anti-sintering AuMgGa2O4 using ceria in the water gas shift reaction and catalytic combustion reactions

Heterogeneous gold nanocatalysts have both inspired researchers with their unique catalytic performance and frustrated them due to the contradictions observed in their activities and stabilities. A recent breakthrough has shown that gold nanoparticles (NPs) can retain their catalytically active size over a MgGa₂O₄ spinel support upon sintering at high temperatures. Herein, we report the catalytic activity of anti-sintering Au

MgGa₂O₄ for use in water gas shift reaction (WGSR) and catalytic combustion reactions, and the promoting effect of ceria. Upon adding ceria to 800°C-aged Au

MgGa₂O₄, the CO conversion in the WGSR was increased from ～1.5% to ～34.0% at 450°C, and the “light-off” temperatures (T₅₀) for methane combustion and CO oxidation were decreased by ～80 and ～100°C, respectively. Characterizations using XRD, HAADF-STEM, EDS mapping, H₂-TPR, XPS, and DRIFTs confirmed the proximate contact of Au with ceria and their significant synergistic effect, which thereby combined the benefits of ceria toward the dissociation of H₂O or O₂ and the Au NPs toward activating CO or CH₄. These results show that this stepwise stabilization-activation strategy is efficient for rationally constructing stable and active gold nanocatalysts, which may open up possibilities for the wide application of gold nanocatalysts at elevated temperatures.     

裂解汽油中噻吩硫在Co-Mo/Al2O3上的催化加氢宏观动力学

采用绝热管式固定床积分反应器，在2.5MPa~3.9MPa、513K~655K、氢/裂解汽油摩尔比1.8~3.5和裂解汽油中噻吩、单甲基噻吩和双甲基噻吩质量分数为838×10－6、137×10－6~723×10－6和192×10－6~723×10－6下，对Co-Mo/Al2O3催化剂上裂解汽油催化加氢脱硫的宏观动力学进行了研究。以Powell优化法和Merson迭代法对动力学实验数据进行非线性参数估值，建立了良好吻合实验数据的、裂解汽油催化加氢脱硫的幂函数型宏观动力学模型。噻吩、单甲基噻吩和双甲基噻吩的反应级数分别为0.721、0.735和0.87，对应的加氢反应宏观活化能依次为70.0kJ·mol－1、67.9kJ·mol－1和59.9kJ·mol－1。各噻吩基硫的转化率均随反应压力的提高而增加，3.5MPa以上时，增加的趋势减缓；反应温度的提高有利于噻吩基硫转化率的增加；593K以上时，各硫化物的转化率随温度的增加呈现线性增加的趋势。     

Effect of copper oxide on the catalytic activity of iron-chromia catalyst for water gas shift reaction

It has been established that copper oxide promotes the catalytic activity of iron-chromia catalyst in the water gas shift reaction due to the formation of catalytically active aggregates. However, due to their gradual recrystallization and sintering into larger copper particles, the promoting effect sharply decreases.

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NiW/Al_2O_3催化剂酸性与加氢活性的调变及对重油加氢脱氮性能的影响

以Ni、W为催化剂的活性金属组分,采用等体积浸渍法制备了NiW/Al2O3加氢脱氮催化剂,考察了Al2O3载体表面经硼酸修饰后对催化剂酸性的影响,以及活性金属与柠檬酸络合后对催化剂加氢反应性能的影响。NH3-TPD、HRTEM、H2-TPR、XPS等表征结果表明,Al2O3载体表面硼酸修饰增加了催化剂表面的中强酸量,减少了强酸量,且削弱了金属与载体之间的强相互作用,但活性中心数目减少。金属与柠檬酸络合可以减小活性相晶粒长度、提高活性相分散性及硫化程度。催化剂的反应评价结果表明,硼酸修饰与柠檬酸络合共同作用可以增强催化剂的重油加氢处理能力,促进芳环与胶质的加氢饱和;具有适宜的氢解与加氢活性,兼顾碱性氮与非碱性氮的脱除,体现了催化剂良好的重油加氢脱氮性能。     

沉淀方式对微波辐射老化制备CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂性能的影响

采用微波辐射老化沉淀母液的方法,着重考察了沉淀方式对制备的CuO/ZnO/Al₂O₃催化剂及其前驱体的结构和催化性能的影响。实验结果表明,沉淀方式对催化剂的活性和稳定性影响较大,其活性顺序为分步沉淀法二＞并流共沉淀法＞分步沉淀法一＞反加法＞正加法。通过XRD、DTG、H₂-TPR等表征分析表明,先并流沉淀Al(NO₃)₃溶液和Na₂CO₃溶液,再并流沉淀Cu(NO₃)₂-Zn(NO₃)₂混合溶液与剩下的Na₂CO₃溶液,然后微波辐射老化所制备前驱体中含有更多的绿铜锌矿 (Cu,Zn)₅ (CO₃)₂(OH)₆物相,焙烧后形成的CuO-ZnO协同作用强,且CuO分散性好,H₂还原温度较低,催化活性和稳定性也较高。     

制备参数对Au／Fe2O3催化剂水煤气变换性能的影响

 采用共沉淀法制备了Au／Fe2O3催化剂，并系统地考察了制备参数对其催化WGS性能的影响．通过BET，XRD，XRF，H2－TPR和HRTEM等表征手段，初步考察了Au／Fe2O3催化剂具有高催化活性的原因．结果表明，金负载量、沉淀剂种类、沉淀方式、沉淀pH值、焙烧气氛和焙烧温度对Au／Fe2O3催化剂的催化性能均具有较大的影响．Au／Fe2O3催化剂的低温高活性是纳米Au与Fe3O4协同作用的结果；Au／Fe2O3催化剂的高温活性是由于活性相Fe3O4起主要作用的结果．纳米Au粒子的烧结会降低其催化活性．     

助剂对低温水煤气变换反应Au/α-Fe2O3催化剂性能的影响

采用共沉淀法制备了系列Au/αFe2O3 MOxM=Zr、Al、Mg、Ca、Ba)催化剂,通过N2物理吸附、XRD、H2-TPR和CO2-TPD-MS等手段对催化剂的物化性质进行表征,考察了富氢下低温水煤气变换（WGS）反应中助剂对Au/αFe2O3催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,助剂ZrO2能有效提高Au/α Fe2O3催化剂在富氢气氛下低温WGS反应活性和稳定性,反应温度150℃时CO转化率可达88.45%,且催化剂具有较高的稳定性。研究发现,添加ZrO2助剂能抑制载体晶粒的生长,降低载体晶粒度,提高催化剂的比表面积,改善催化剂的还原性能和表面酸碱度,从而提高催化剂的催化活性和稳定性。