X－型波导全光开关的优化设计

依据耦合模理论与光束传播法（Ｂｅａｍｐｒｏｐａｇａｔｉｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄ），提出了由Ｘ结波导到交叉波导的系列化全光开关设计。此设计方法可以对不同的材料（自聚焦、自散焦）、不同的非线性折射率和波长等进行波导全光开关优化设计。     

多模干涉马赫曾德尔光开关模型

根据N×N多模干涉耦合器的基本原理 ,确定了多模干涉耦合器的结构参数。通过分析多模干涉耦合器的输入光场与其映像间的相位关系 ,提出了模传输矩阵的分析方法 ,并用此方法分析了N×N普通干涉多模干涉耦合器、N×N相移器以及N×N普通干涉多模干涉马赫 曾德尔光开关 ,得到了它们的模场传输方程 ,分析了光开关在光场从任一输入端输入 ,从任一输出端输出时开关的驱动条件。用上面的方法分析了 4× 4光开关的结构及驱动条件     

杨氏实验中飞秒光脉冲的光谱移动和光谱开关

从惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射积分公式出发,对飞秒光脉冲在杨氏实验中的光谱移动和光谱开关做了研究和数值分析.结果表明,飞秒光脉冲在杨氏实验中也会出现光谱移动和光谱开关.一般情况下,光谱开关与脉冲宽度、载波频率、遮拦比和场点位置有关.光谱开关的数目随遮拦比的减小而减小,而发生光谱开关处的相对光谱移动随载波频率和脉冲宽度的减小而增加.因光谱开关极小值Smin=0,所以光谱开关属于奇点光学现象.可通过适当改变遮拦比来实现信息编码和信息传输.     

小轻型CCD遥感相机全反射光学系统设计

利用三反射镜的消像差理论 ,进行了一种小轻、大视场的全反射系统的设计。该系统通过同轴设计、离轴使用 ,使筒长达到 f′/7～ f′/9,视场达到 3°以上 ,遮光比在 6 %以下 ,像质达到衍射极限。这种系统特别适于长焦距遥感 CCD相机的应用。     

光子晶体异质结耦合波导光开关

以二维三角晶格光子晶体为研究对象,在该光子晶体中引入两行平行的单模线缺陷波导,以一行耦合介质柱为间距,通过调节部分耦合介质柱的折射率,构筑了光子晶体异质结耦合波导光开关结构。利用平面波展开法和定向耦合原理计算了在不同入射光频率下,缺陷波导间耦合介质柱的折射率不同时的耦合长度,确定了合适的光子晶体异质结耦合波导光开关的结构参数。利用时域有限差分法研究了该光开关中耦合介质柱的折射率变化及异质结构介质柱的位置分布对光信号输出路径的影响。结果表明,通过改变该结构中耦合介质柱的折射率可以改变光的输出路径,可实现光的开关行为。并且异质结构介质柱位置的随机分布对该光开关的影响不大,有助于光子晶体新型滤波器、定向耦合器、波分复用器以及光开关等光子器件的研究。     

O-Band 10-Gb/s Operation of a Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Based Self-Seeded Transmitter for Optical Access Applications

Abstract

New applications are emerging in the optical access for wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network colorless transmitters based on a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier. Previous works have shown that 10-Gb/s operation can be reached in the C-band with such transmitters, yet trade-offs are necessary for chromatic dispersion and, consequently, link length enters the equation. Such impairments are discussed using both experimental data and simulation results. New experimental data with interesting performance in the O-band are also presented.     

Design Criterion for Micro-Machine Scanner Optical Switch Based on Beam Steering Angle Error Analysis

The micro-machine scanner optical switch is gaining attention for its ability to switch over 100 ports. A beam steering error for devices using tilted mirrors or a moving lens is analyzed and schemes to overcome the limit are reported. The channel number is limited by the achievable beam steering error. A device with several hundred ports is possible with the beam steering error under 1#x0025;. Optimized focal length or fiber mode divergence angle is beneficial for increasing the channel number. To minimize the thermal expansion effect, large focal length is required indicating need for a compensation scheme to attain larger channel number. A new type of scanning optics is proposed to overcome the limit set by the beam steering error, and a new switch network described can further expand the channel number.This paper was originally presented at the 2nd International Conference on Optical Design and Fabrication, ODF2000 which was held on November 15-17, 2000 at the International Conference Center, Tokyo, Waseda University, Japan.     

高效集成电光调制器和开关的电极与光波导的优化设计

集成电光调制与开关的效率取决于光波导中电光重叠因子Γ的大小，直接影响此因子的有电极宽度、电极间距、光模场尺寸、以及电极与光波导的相对位置等参量。本文利用集成电光调制器电极电场的分布规律，研究了各种结构中影响电光重叠因子的诸参量之间的关系；根据实际工艺条件，应用系统优化方法尽可能对各种参量进行优化计算，得到了实现高效调制和开关的全部参量的优化设计结果。     

超细低水峰抗弯损光纤的设计及制作

采用全合成预制棒制造法（VAD＋OVD）和改进的G.652.D光纤拉制法制造光纤.研究了工艺中光纤芯径的大小、第一包层的厚度、芯包折射率差、芯包比等参量与光纤弯曲性能的关系,并据此制作了几种超细低水峰抗弯损光纤.该光纤的裸光纤直径约80 μm,涂覆后成品光纤直径约140 μm,当弯曲半径不小于7.5 mm时,能够在1 260～1 625 nm整个波段内满足DWMD的传输要求.     

Optical Switch Based on Dressed Intracavity Dark States

We present a scheme to realize two‐direction optical switch by a single‐mode optical cavity containing some four‐level atoms. The high switching efficiency can be obtained through low photon loss and large third‐order nonlinear susceptibility of this N‐type atomic system in cavity. Without the microwave source, it can be reduced to a Λ‐type atomic system where a coupling laser is used to realize single intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Namely, the probe field can be transmitted almost totally at resonance. Thus a two‐direction optical switch is operated and the state for forward (backward) direction is set as “open” (“closed”). When microwave source is introduced, dressed splitting of intracavity dark state happens. The probe field is reflected almost completely at resonance and the state of the optical switch at forward and backward directions (transmitted and reflected channels) is shifted as “closed” and “open”, respectively. Moreover, this scheme is much advantageous to realize splitting of intracavity dark state because weak microwave field () induces the coupling between intracavity dark state and one sublevel of ground state. While a strong pump laser () which couples the intracavity dark state with an excited level is applied to realize this splitting in ref. [Phys. Rev. A 85 013814 (2012)].     

大相对孔径紧凑型无热化红外光学系统设计

根据目前搜索和跟踪系统要求其红外成像光学系统具有高成像质量、超轻小型化和高温度适应性的特点。采用折反射式光学系统结构形式,基于J-T制冷型320×320凝视焦平面阵列探测器,设计了一种大相对孔径紧凑型无热化红外光学系统,光学系统远摄比达到0.6。采用光学被动消热差方法进行设计,使该系统在-40℃～60℃温度范围内实现了无热化。同时采用杂散辐射分析软件对系统进行杂散辐射分析,提出合理杂辐射抑制方案,给出了完整的光学系统设计。结果表明,光学系统在不同温度环境下所有视场的调制传递函数(MTF)(17lp/mm)均接近衍射极限,80%的能量集中在1个像元内,且具有结构紧凑、体积小等优点,可满足搜索和跟踪红外光学系统的使用要求。     

一种微型光开关的设计与仿真分析

介绍了一种新型的聚酰亚胺(PI)悬臂梁式电磁驱动微机电系统(MEMS)光开关,并对其总体结构进行了设计与仿真分析.运用有限元分析的方法,设计了永磁体的最佳尺寸并优化了悬臂梁的结构;分析了聚酰亚胺悬臂梁的扭转力、电磁力与挠度的关系.当输入电流为75 mA时,聚酰亚胺悬臂梁达到平衡时的挠度约为1.02 mm,能够满足器件转换光路的要求.     

Optimization of Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers Based on Arrayed Waveguide Gratings with Fabrication Errors for Transparent Optical Networks

A transparent optical network (TON) composed by optical add-drop multiplexers based on arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) with fabrication errors is optimized for 10 Gbit/s per channel and channel spacing of 25 GHz. The optimization takes into account the effect of inter-symbol interference, amplified spontaneous emission noise accumulation, and coherent and incoherent homodyne crosstalk. Numerical results reveal that AWG fabrication errors can have a high influence on the TON performance; however, in all investigated situations, they do not affect the AWG parameters values corresponding to the optimum AWG frequency response. This surprising behavior is due to the fabrication errors affect mainly the AWG response outside the passband for the required AWG crosstalk level. It is shown that the optimum AWG frequency response is a flat-top response with a mean amplitude response outside the passband lower than -30 dB and the switch isolation should exceed 30 dB.     

Optimization of Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers Based on Arrayed Waveguide Gratings with Fabrication Errors for Transparent Optical Networks

A transparent optical network (TON) composed by optical add-drop multiplexers based on arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) with fabrication errors is optimized for 10 Gbit/s per channel and channel spacing of 25 GHz. The optimization takes into account the effect of inter-symbol interference, amplified spontaneous emission noise accumulation, and coherent and incoherent homodyne crosstalk. Numerical results reveal that AWG fabrication errors can have a high influence on the TON performance; however, in all investigated situations, they do not affect the AWG parameters values corresponding to the optimum AWG frequency response. This surprising behavior is due to the fabrication errors affect mainly the AWG response outside the passband for the required AWG crosstalk level. It is shown that the optimum AWG frequency response is a flat-top response with a mean amplitude response outside the passband lower than ?30 dB and the switch isolation should exceed 30 dB.     

微米光栅加速度计的加工与性能研究

介绍了一种以微米衍射光栅为敏感元件的微机电加速度计敏感头的加工和性能。硅质量块底部加工有铝反射膜,透明玻璃基底上制作有金微米光栅,中间为空气腔,经硅玻璃阳极键合,构成敏感头的核心敏感部件。光源透过透明基底,照射在光栅上,在反射场内会产生一系列衍射级次,且各级次衍射光强与外界加速度之间呈函数关系。完成了微米光栅加速度计敏感头的加工,搭建了实验测试平台,完成了加速度计的灵敏度以及静电驱动性能测试。为未来新型集成式微米光栅加速度计设计和加工提供参考。     

Fabrication of Materials with Low Optical Reflectance Based on Laser-Microstructured Metal Surfaces

It has experimentally been shown that the specular reflectance of some metals can be reduced by one to two orders of magnitude by subjecting them to multipulse laser ablation in air. An increase in the coefficient of grayness has been implemented for copper, nickel, aluminum, and stainless steel. Multipulse ablation of the corresponding targets leads to the formation of a quasi-periodic microstructure with an amplitude relief ranging from 30 to 50 μm. The specular reflectance of duralumin has been reduced using anodic oxidation of the microstructures formed by laser ablation and filling the newly formed pores with carbon nanoparticles. The thus obtained surfaces are close to ideal black body in their optical characteristics.     

970nm反射式垂直腔半导体光放大器的设计与制作

设计并制作了970 nm反射式垂直腔半导体光放大器(VCSOA),基于放大器结构,对放大器的噪声特性、增益和带宽特性进行了实验研究和理论分析.研究了反射式放大器的增益与垂直腔半导体激光器出光口径的关系,发现增益随着出光口径的增大而增大.对于970 nm的信号光,经过出光口径为400 μm的VCSOA后,最高获得了26 ...     

用两端对称缺陷复合光子晶体实现多通道滤波和光开关

用传输矩阵法计算了两端对称缺陷复合光子晶体结构的光传输特性。计算结果表明:两端对称缺陷复合光子晶体[D(AB)mD]2结构中的禁带出现两个完全共振透射峰。通过控制入射光强来微调光子晶体材料的介电常数,使得完全共振透射峰移动,且介电常数变化越大,共振透射峰偏移越大,从而形成高效率的双通道光开关。当光子晶体为[D(AB)mD]N结构时,每个完全共振透射峰都分裂为N-1条,这样可通过调节N同时实现所需要通道数目的高效多通道光开关和多通道滤波器。     

细菌视紫红质膜快速光开关的实验研究

建立了“脉冲激光－连续探测光－连续擦除光”的实验系统。在532nm的调Q脉冲激发光和不同波长的连续探测光作用下，研究了细菌视紫红质（BR）膜的光循环过程中的快速响应特性及各中间态的快速光吸收特性。观察到了微秒量级的快速光开关现象，并分析了激发光脉冲作用结束时，各中间态上细菌视紫红质分子的分布。     

宽视场长焦距离轴三反射镜光学系统的设计

分析了离轴三反射镜系统成像特性．根据共轴三反射镜光学系统像差理论，确定结构参数的基本计算公式．设计了长焦宽视场的离轴三反射镜光学系统，分析了系统结构参量对像差的影响．结果表明，该系统视角较大，地面复益范围较宽，成像质量接近衍射极限．