Suppression of Nonlinear Patterning Effect in Wavelength Conversion Based on Transient Cross-Phase Modulation in Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Assisted with a Detuning Filter

Nonlinear patterning （NLP） effect in wavelength conversion based on transient cross-phase modulation （XPM） in semiconductor optical amplifier （SOA） assisted with a detuning filter is theoretically investigated. A non- adiabatic model is used to estimate the ultrafast dynamics of gain, phase and electron temperature in the SOA. Simulation results show that the NLP can be greatly suppressed by introducing an assist light, especially for the probe wavelength distant from gain peak. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the improvement is more evident for long wavelength probe light and assist light in counter-propagating configuration.     

基于半导体光放大器四波混频效应的多种调制格式的波长转换实验

实验报道了利用半导体光放大器(SOA)的四波混频(FWM)效应实现多种码型的波长转换.其中对于非归零(NRZ)信号实现了从单信道到三信道的多波长转换.调制速率从10 Gb/s到40 Gb/s均实现多波长转换.对于归零(RZ)信号分别实现了20 Gb/s和40 Gb/s的RZ格式的波长转换和40 Gb/s的载波抑制归零(CSRZ)格式的波长转换,利用光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)作为带陷滤波器消除共轭光和抽运光之间的串扰.对于非归零差分相移键控(NRZ_DPSK)信号分别实现了20 Gb/s和40 Gb/s的波长转换,利用实验室自制的光纤延时干涉仪进行NRZ-DPSK信号的解调.基于FWM效应的转换光的输出消光比大于7 dB,转换后消光比退化约为3 dB.     

基于光纤中SRS效应的全光波长转换

提出利用光纤中非线性效应受激喇曼散射（stimulated Raman scattering, SRS）实现波长转换的原理方案和相应的理论分析模型,并进行实验验证,将经过放大后的信号光和连续探测光同时注入光纤,在光纤中进行SRS放大,实现信号之间的转换。结果表明:利用SRS可实现波长转换,可实现跨几个THz的波长之间的转换。得到最大转换效率和消光比分别为-17.3 dB和15.7 dB。通过改变探测光的波长,可实现相隔几个THz光信号的全光波长转换和可调谐波长转换。     

非线性光环境中引入的反向光相移的补偿

研究利用基于非线性光环境(NOLM)的波长变换器实现非归零(NRZ)码的波长变换,对基于NOLM的波长变换器进行理论分析,指出由于NOLM中引入的反向光相移的影响,无法实现NRZ码的波长变换,给出了对反向光相移进行补偿的方法,通过计算指出,补偿反向光相移后可以实现NRZ码的波长变换.     

用于CF-LCoS投影偏置LED照明光棒的角度分割原理及其偏振复用系统

研究了LED相对光棒中心位置存在偏置时光棒对LED的角度分割与虚像形成原理,籍此计算了不同偏置以及不同尺寸LED的光棒尺寸,再将计算所得的光棒与前端成像透镜、中间像面偏振复用系统、后端积分透镜及偏振分束器等进行综合优化设计,然后根据所得中间像确定不同情况下的偏振复用系统具体结构,确保LED发散角范围内光能的偏振复用,并实现对滤色片式硅基液晶芯片的均匀照明.最后设计了一款以白光LED为光源的滤色片式硅基液晶芯片微型投影光引擎,在1W LED功耗下实现12.8lm投射亮度(114lm/W),均匀性达93%.对比没有应用偏振光复用的微型投影光引擎,在保证均匀性的前提下,提升了微型投影系统的光效率,丰富了光棒偏振复用的内容.     

Silver clusters insert into polymer solar cell for enhancing light absorption

As an employment of surface plasmonic effect, the consequence of insertion of a layer of Ag clusters into polymer solar cell on the enhancement of light absorption and power conversion efficiency is investigated. Optical analysis based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) is performed with experiments to evaluate the effect of the interaction between the Ag clusters and incident light on light absorption in polymer solar cell. Ag clusters modify the light wave vector and the electromagnetic field inside the device is redistributed and enhanced. As a result, polymer solar cells achieve an overall increase in absorption, short-circuit current density, and power conversion efficiency.     

Cascaded SOA configuration for NRZ-OOK to RZ-QPSK format conversion

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an all-optical format conversion from two independent non-return-to-zero on-off keying (NRZ-OOK) signals to a return-to-zero quadrature phase shift keying (RZ-QPSK) signal using two cascaded SOAs. Within each SOA, the cross phase modulation (XPM) process is properly controlled by an assistant light. After evaluating its effect on XPM, a suitable power range of assistant light is chosen for the NRZ-OOK to RZ-QPSK format conversion. In the experiment, a RZ-QPSK signal is successfully obtained with opened demodulation eye-diagrams.     

High-resolution, high-speed photorefractive incoherent-to-coherent optical converter

We demonstrate a photorefractive incoherent-to-coherent optical converter driven by ultraviolet light that provides a 35-mus response time and an optical resolution of 124 line pairs/mm. The device, implemented in KNbO(3) , operates with a modulating intensity of 85 mW/cm(2) , which corresponds to an optical switching energy per bit of 0.5 pJ. A conversion rate of the order of 90 Gbits/(s cm(2)) is achieved. The conversion between the ultraviolet light and the visible laser beam at lambda=532 nm occurs through anisotropic Bragg diffraction at a modulated interband photorefractive grating. Our device has a better optical resolution and conversion rate than optically addressed solid-state spatial light modulators based on the photorefractive effect and multiple quantum wells, and it is also faster than devices based on liquid crystals.     

Reduction of light signal pulse distortion in cascaded sum-frequency-generation and difference-frequency-generation wavelength conversion

Cascaded sum-frequency-generation (SFG) and difference-frequency-generation (DFG) can implement a wavelength conversion between arbitrary combinations of input and output signal wavelengths. By using a tunable wavelength pump light, the output wavelength can be tuned to a desired wavelength. As in many wavelength conversion devices using the nonlinear optical effect, the group velocity difference between light pulses with different wavelength causes a walk-off effect deforming the output pulse shape. Thus the device length should be kept short to avoid the walk-off effect resulting in limited conversion efficiency. In this report, we propose a method for a quasi-phase matched (QPM) device to maintain the pulse shape of the SFG light pulse along the propagation distance. The output DFG light pulse deformation is suppressed and the conversion efficiency can be increased by extending the device length.     

Effect of copropagating and counterpropagating directions on a semiconductor optical amplifier-Mach-Zehnder interferometer based wavelength converter using a continuous-wave assist light

We experimentally investigate and compare the effects of copropagating and counterpropagating directions on a semiconductor optical amplifier-Mach-Zehnder interferometer based wavelength converter. When an assist light is not used, the copropagating scheme induces a long rise-fall time and small timing jitter, whereas the counterpropagating scheme induces a short rise-fall time and large timing jitter. The results show that the copropagating scheme with a backward assist light yields the best performance.     

激发源光谱宽度对其辐射通量转换效率的影响

为了进一步提高固态照明中荧光转换光源(PC-LED)的白光发射效率,探寻激发源与荧光粉搭配对合成白光辐射通量转换效率之间的关系。以YAG荧光粉为对象,搭配不同光谱宽度的激发源,采用光谱计算方法研究了合成白光光源中激发源光谱宽度对其辐射通量转换效率的影响,计算结果通过实验进行了验证。结果表明:当光谱宽度较小时,转换效率随光谱宽度的增加而缓慢降低;当光谱宽度大于18 nm时,转换效率急剧下降。每种荧光粉都有其理想激发源光谱宽度范围,在此范围内激发源辐射通量转换效率高且受其光谱宽度影响较弱。     

Er∶YbF3转光薄膜的制备及衬底温度对其光学性能的影响

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法在Si(100)衬底上成功制备了具有上下转换的Er∶YbF₃转光薄膜。研究发现,所制备的Er∶YbF₃转光薄膜实现了上下转换两种机制的结合,能有效地把紫外光和红外光转换到非晶硅太阳能电池最佳响应范围内的656 nm处。进一步分析了衬底温度对薄膜相结构及光学性能影响的物理机制。当衬底温度高于500 ℃时,薄膜会随着温度的升高而结晶性变强,但有杂相生成。研究结果表明,Er∶YbF₃转光薄膜的光学性能在衬底温度为500 ℃时最佳,有望应用到非晶硅太阳能电池上使其光电效率提高。     

Experiments and analysis of gold disk targets irradiated by smoothing beams of Xingguang II facilities with 350 nm wavelength

Gold disk targets were irradiated using focusing and beam smoothing methods on Xingguang (XG-II) laser facilities with 350 nm wavelength, 0.6 ns pulse width and 20-80 Joules energies. Laser absorption, light scattering and X-ray conversion were experimentally investigated. The experimental results showed that laser absorption and scattered light were about 90% and 10%, respectively, under focusing irradiation, but the laser absorption increased 5%-10% and the scattered light about 1% under the condition of beam smoothing. Compared with the case of focusing irradiation, the laser absorption was effectively improved and the scattered light remarkably dropped under uniform irradiation; then due to the decrease in laser intensity, X-ray conversion increased. This is highly advantageous to the inertial confinement fusion. However, X-ray conversion mechanism basically did not change and X-ray conversion efficiency under beam smoothing and focusing irradiation was basically the same.     

惯性约束聚变驱动器连续相位板前置时频率转换晶体内部光场研究

本文针对惯性约束聚变驱动器终端光学系统中连续相位板置于基频光路(前置)时,频率转换晶体内部光场分布进行了研究.经研究发现连续相位板前置对基频光的相位调制降低了频率转换效率,增大了频率转换晶体内部光场的不均匀性,它导致晶体激光诱导损伤风险的可能性加大.值得特别注意的是:在频率转换晶体入射和出射端面附近激光调制度和最大光强相对于其他区域高,发生激光诱导损伤的可能性相对更大.因此当不断增大频率转换系统输入的基频光光强时,为保证惯性约束聚变终端光学系统的正常运行需要把连续相位板前置对频率转换晶体内部光场分布的影响 关键词： 惯性约束聚变 连续相位板 频率转换晶体 激光诱导损伤     

CaS∶Eu,Sm及其在农用转光膜上的应用原理

利用稀土直接掺杂工艺合成了一种“常光充能”型电子陷获材料CaS∶Eu,Sm,它不仅具有CaS∶Eu无机发光材料的荧光光谱特性,而且具有红外升频转换特性,可将0.8～ 1.6μm的红外光直接转换为～672nm的红光、量子效率高达76%,是一种优于CaS∶Eu的光转换农膜添加剂.而共掺Eu2＋、Sm3＋和Cu＋的CaS荧光粉有望成为一种性能优于光转换农膜添加剂CaS∶Eu2＋,Cu＋、可人工模拟叶绿素吸收光谱的新型农用转光膜材料.     

Entanglement of light-shift compensated atomic spin waves with telecom light

Entanglement of a 795 nm light polarization qubit and an atomic Rb spin-wave qubit for a storage time of 0.1 s is observed by measuring the violation of Bell's inequality (S=2.65±0.12). Long qubit storage times are achieved by pinning the spin wave in a 1064 nm wavelength optical lattice, with a magic-valued magnetic field superposed to eliminate lattice-induced dephasing. Four-wave mixing in a cold Rb gas is employed to perform light qubit conversion between near infrared (795 nm) and telecom (1367 nm) wavelengths, and after propagation in a telecom fiber, to invert the conversion process. Observed Bell inequality violation (S=2.66±0.09), at 10 ms storage, confirms preservation of memory-light entanglement through the two stages of light qubit frequency conversion.     

基于LOA-XGM波长转换器消光比特性的数值分析

建立了基于一种新型光放大器（线性光放大器）的交叉增益调制波长转换理论模型.对交叉增益调制波长转换器同向工作方式下的输出消光比进行了分析,讨论了抽运光和探测光的波长和功率等参量对转换后信号消光比特性的影响.结果表明:随着抽运光波长的增加,波长转换器的输出消光比逐渐增大,但对于探测光波长的增加,消光比反而减小;增加抽运光功率和减小探测光功率都可以获得较大的消光比;波长向下转换时的消光比明显优于向上转换时的消光比.     

Mode conversion based on dual-phase modulation utilizing interference of two-phase-modulated beams

To realize mode conversion with high accuracy and efficiency, we propose a new method based on dual-phase modulation (DPM) that utilizes the interference of two-phase-modulated beams. DPM realizes complex amplitude modulation with the interference of two-phase-modulated beams generated by phase-type spatial light modulators (PSLMs). DPM realizes highly efficient conversion using the interference of light rather than the diffraction that is conventionally used for complex amplitude modulation. Moreover, DPM enables the suppression of modal crosstalk (MXT) utilizing the destructive interference between two unwanted 0th beams that occur from PSLMs. In this paper, we experimentally confirmed that DPM can reduce the amount of the unwanted 0th beam. Then, we performed an experiment on mode conversion based on DPM and achieved a modal crosstalk of less than ??20 dB and an optical loss of less than 10 dB.     

基于Fabry-Perot半导体激光器实现全光波长转换及其最优纵模选择

采用Fabry-Perot半导体激光器作为波长转换器件,利用半导体激光器内部的交叉增益调制效应,通过同时将脉冲信号光与连续探测光耦合到半导体激光器,实现了对波长为1552.62nm、重复速率为2.7GHz的光脉冲信号转换到波长为1548.23nm的连续激光,同时实现了脉冲时间抖动的抑制.实验发现,对于确定的半导体激光器及其工作参数,总存在一个固定的纵模,当探测光的波长与该纵模波长一致时可获得最高的波长转换效率和最大的消光比.理论分析了探测光与Fabry-Perot半导体激光器多纵模间的模式选择对波长转换效 关键词： 纵模选择 波长转换 注入锁定 交叉增益调制     

OOK-to-QPSK modulation-format conversion based on two gain-transparent SOAs

In this paper, the system scheme of on–off keying (OOK) to quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) format conversion is proposed, which is based on two gain-transparent semiconductor optical amplifiers (GT-SOA). GT-SOA is used as a simple all-optical phase modulator, which is no effects of cross gain modulation and four-wave mixing existing in conventional SOA. The assistant light is used to speed up the SOA carrier recovery time. The principles of OOK to QPSK format conversion are expounded. The influences of the assistant light power and signal light power on the conversions are numerically analyzed. The OOK signal can still be exactly converted to the QPSK signal with the power of OOK signal being changed within a certain range.