稳态强磁场装置电源系统并联直流有源滤波器的实现新方案

结合串联型有源滤波器和并联型PWM有源滤波器的特点,提出了并联型线性调整有源滤波方案。介绍了该有源滤波器的结构及其工作原理,对其具体的实现方案进行了分析设计。就该直流有源滤波器进行了建模仿真,模拟结果证实了其参数设计是合理的,基于所提出的方案,研制了一台实验原型。实验结果表明,该滤波器具有良好的滤波效果。     

壁流式柴油机颗粒过滤体捕集性能的实验研究

过滤压降和过滤效率是评价过滤体性能的重要指标.实验室搭建了捕集柴油机颗粒的发动机台架.通过台架实验,研究了过滤体结构参数对过滤体性能的影响.研究结果表明;随过滤体长度的增加,过滤压降逐渐减小,初始过滤效率先缓慢增加,后急剧下降;增加过滤体的孔隙率有利于降低过滤体初始压降和压降增长率;孔隙率较低的过滤体具有较高的初始过滤效率,但在颗粒层过滤阶段,孔隙率对过滤效率的影响不明显;颗粒层的沉积结构特性受过滤速度的影响,颗粒层比阻与颗粒层堆积厚度乘积的变化率随过滤速度的变化呈非线性关系变化.     

一种以白宝石为衬底的高选择性高温超导滤波器

研制了一种高选择性的24阶切比雪夫(Chebyshev)型高温超导带通滤波器,其中心频率为1748MHz、带宽为75MHz,适用于GSM移动通讯基站系统.此滤波器是在直径为3英寸、厚度为0.43毫米的铝酸镧双面超导薄膜上制作的.滤波器的计算机仿真是用Sonnet软件完成的.在滤波器设计中,提出了一种结构新颖的谐振器.在77K时,它具有很高的品质因子,约为30000.测试结果表明,该滤波器具有很好的选择性,带边陡度为17dB/MHz,带外抑制优于-90dB.     

Rewritable Broad-Band Color Filters for Spectral Image Analysis

We propose an optical system to implement rewritable transparent broad-band color filters. The filter consists of a linear variable filter and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator in which an expected filter function is written. A time-integrated intensity image was taken while the filter was passing the lens aperture of a CCD camera. The averaged norm error between the implemented and the expected filter functions was about 5.4#x0025;. The system was applied to spectral estimation in a two-dimensional color image.     

一种新型三端口可调带通滤波器的结构设计及分析

研制了一种基于DWDM角度调谐薄膜滤光片的新型三端口可调带通光学滤波器,它由三个单芯光纤准直器和一片特别设计的角度调谐窄带多腔薄膜滤光片组成.通过一台步进电机控制滤光片的入射角度实现了可调谐滤波,同时对于剩余波长信号没有影响继续传输.对该三端口可调滤波器进行了理论计算和实验研究,并对该器件的串扰特性进行了详细分析与计算.实验中得到的相邻信道隔离度接近30 dB,可调谐范围大于26 nm,与理论设计较为一致.     

An ASE Reduction Filter Using Cascaded Optical Fiber Grating Couplers in EDFA Repeater

A new configuration for an ASE reduction filter in EDFA repeaters for WDM optical transmission systems using optical fiber grating couplers (FGCs) was proposed and first demonstrated. The filtering characteristics of the proposed filter for amplified single wavelength signal and 2-channel WDM signals using EDFA were identified. It was found that the filter was effective to improve SNR in optical domain by reducing ASE noise. The required FGC characteristics for the filter were theoretically predicted under the condition that the total filter loss did not exceed 3 dB. More than 70% of drop efficiency was required in each FGC for the application of the proposed filter to an 8-channel WDM system using EDFA repeaters.     

Evaluation of the surface properties of PTFE foam coating filter media using XPS and contact angle measurements

A newly developed PTFE foam coating filter was developed which can be used for hot gas cleaning at temperatures up to 250 °C. The emulsion-type PTFE was coated onto a woven glass fiber using a foam coating method. The filter surface was closely examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements. The XPS results were used to determine the binding force between the carbon and fluorine of PTFE, which imparts coating stability to the filter medium. More than 95% of the bonds of the PTFE foam coating filter were between carbon and fluorine, and this filter demonstrated excellent hydrophobic and good oleophobic properties at the same time. The contact angles of liquid droplets on the filter surface were used to predict the potential wetability of the filter against water or oil. In addition, the very low surface free energy of the filter medium, which was evaluated using the Owens-Wendt method, demonstrates a very stable surface and a high de-dusting quality.     

Extending the domain of center frequencies for the compressive gammachirp auditory filter

The gammatone filter was imported from auditory physiology to provide a time-domain version of the roex auditory filter and enable the development of a realistic auditory filterbank for models of auditory perception [Patterson et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 98, 1890-1894 (1995)]. The gammachirp auditory filter was developed to extend the domain of the gammatone auditory filter and simulate the changes in filter shape that occur with changes in stimulus level. Initially, the gammachirp filter was limited to center frequencies in the 2.0-kHz region where there were sufficient "notched-noise" masking data to define its parameters accurately. Recently, however, the range of the masking data has been extended in two massive studies. This paper reports how a compressive version of the gammachirp auditory filter was fitted to these new data sets to define the filter parameters over the extended frequency range. The results show that the shape of the filter can be specified for the entire domain of the data using just six constants (center frequencies from 0.25 to 6.0 kHz and levels from 30 to 80 dB SPL). The compressive, gammachirp auditory filter also has the advantage of being consistent with physiological studies of cochlear filtering insofar as the compression of the filter is mainly limited to the passband and the form of the chirp in the impulse response is largely independent of level.     

基于超材料结构的小型化可调滤波器

为了提高频谱资源的利用率,解决传统滤波器组体积大的问题,利用开口环结构的超材料具有高集成度的特性,设计了一款整体尺寸仅为15mm×20mm的滤波器.基于时域有限积分法分析了开口环结构滤波器的反射系数曲线与电磁参数之间的响应特性,通过在开口环缝隙处加载可调谐的二极管器件,实现了超材料滤波器在X波段(10.9~12GHz)的连续可调,扩展了滤波器的工作频带.该可调谐超材料滤波器的工作带宽达11.0%,通带内回波损耗最小值为32dB,插入损耗最大值为0.38dB,具有高集成度、宽频带、通带内选频特性良好的特点.     

一种尺度自适应调整的高斯滤波器设计方法

固定尺度参数的经典高斯滤波器往往在滤除噪声的同时造成图像的模糊,为此设计了一种尺度可变的自适应高斯滤波器。通过计算滤波器各滤波窗口内像素点灰度值的均值,以及该均值与当前像素点灰度值的差值,确定滤波窗口的平滑度,并将其作为高斯函数尺度的大小,从而实现滤波器尺度参数的自适应调整。实验结果表明,该滤波器在有效滤除噪声的同时能够尽可能的保持图像原有信息不受影响,且计算简单,适于工程应用。     

一种免调谐窄带高温超导滤波器

研制了一种适用于超导子系统接收机前端的免调谐窄带高温超导滤波器.其中心频率为2287 MHz,带宽为8 MHz.该高温超导滤波器采用了10阶准椭圆(quasi-elliptic)函数型结构,并引入了2对改善带边陡度的传输零点.滤波器的计算机仿真是用Sonnet软件完成的.为了达到免调谐的目的,选用了一种结构简单的双折线型谐振器.此滤波器是在直径为2英寸、厚度约为0.5mm MgO衬底的双面超导薄膜上制作的.测量结果表明,该滤波器在未经调谐的情况下具有很好的性能:相对带宽0.35%,带外抑制>80 dB,插入损耗<0.2 dB,反射损耗<-15.5dB(通带7MHz范围之内).     

适用于雷达系统的高温超导窄带滤波器

对雷达系统,通过在接收前端安置高Q、窄带、高带外抑制的滤波器,可以有效减少信号间的干扰,由此可见高性能的滤波器对于雷达系统来说,具有重要作用.与常规滤波器相比,高温超导滤波器具有带边陡峭、插入损耗小、带外抑制高、可以设计极窄带等特点.在本文中,我们设计加工了一种高性能的12阶切比雪夫(Chebyshev)高温超导带通滤波器,其中心频率为1341兆赫兹、带宽为5.035兆赫兹,可用于雷达系统.在滤波器设计中,我们用Sonnet软件对滤波器进行了仿真计算.最后滤波器在以氧化镁为衬底的双面超导薄膜上制作,衬底直径为2英寸、厚度为0.5毫米.测试结果表明,该滤波器符合设计要求,具有很好的选择性和带外抑制.     

用于畸变目标相关识别的匹配滤波器设计

针对尺度缩放和角度旋转变化目标相关识别率低的问题,采用优化折中综合鉴别函数方法设计了具有较大畸变容限的匹配滤波器。在匹配滤波器设计时,通过调整相关输出噪声、训练样本平均功率谱密度和训练样本相似度对训练样本平均值的贡献,得到具有带通性质的匹配滤波器。利用单个匹配滤波器对角度旋转0°～30°、尺度变化0～20%的目标进行了相关识别仿真实验。结果表明：这种匹配滤波器相关输出峰尖锐、鉴别力强、畸变容限大,可用于畸变目标的光学相关识别。     

光谱法分析迭代重建过程中的滤波

应用光谱法讨论了滤波器及其滤波方案对重建效果的影响。数值模拟重建场,应用光谱法分析了1/4,1/5,1/8均值滤波器,1/5中值滤波器,1/3行、列滤波器,在内嵌、外置等情况下对代数迭代重建的场滤波效果的影响。结果发现：用代数迭代法重建的场含有较大噪声,需要平滑处理;采用1/4,1/5或1/8均值滤波器仅对迭代结果滤波,会严重降低重建精度;采用1/4,1/8均值滤波器内嵌在迭代过程中按一定的迭代次数滤波,可以在一定程度上改善重建精度;采用1/5中值滤波器内嵌在迭代过程中比相应的均值滤波器重建效果更好;内嵌1/5中值滤波器和均值滤波器交替滤波,效果比单一的滤波器滤波更好。采用不同的滤波器和滤波方案对重建结果的影响差别较大。     

基于背景噪音谱分析的匹配滤波器设计研究

在空间匹配滤波器设计过程中,为抑制输入场景中背景噪音对输出相关平面上相关点的影响,通过比较匹配滤波函数和背景噪音的傅里叶谱,根据两者差值的量级对匹配滤波函数的振幅进行非线性调制,在匹配滤波过程中使设计的空间匹配滤波器对强噪音的傅里叶谱处透过率降低,而尽量保持输入图像傅里叶谱的高透过率,从而增加输出相关平面上的信噪比,实现相关点的正确探测。计算机模拟和实验结果表明：与纯相位匹配滤波器相比其抗噪能力得到较大改善。     

用于噪声抑制的碘分子滤波瑞利散射技术研究

为了解决激光瑞利散射技术诊断燃烧场时存在的米散射和背景杂散光干扰问题,发展了基于碘分子超精细吸收凹陷的滤波技术。介绍了分子滤波的原理和碘分子的吸收光谱,设计了用于产生稳定数密度的碘分子滤波器,并采用种子注入、可调谐Nd：YAG激光器测量了碘分子的吸收谱。采用碘分子滤波器,在稳态燃烧场和瞬态燃烧场上分别进行了结构诊断的滤波瑞利散射实验,获得了清晰的燃烧场结构图像。实验表明碘分子滤波器能够有效抑制532nm激光瑞利散射实验中的米散射和背景杂散光,提高信号图像的清晰度。     

An ultra-narrow band eight-pole dual-mode HTS patch filter

An ultra-narrow band eight-pole dual-mode HTS patch filter was designed and fabricated. The filter is constructed by four corner-cut square patches, each of which has two resonating modes. The influence of the change of the corner-cut position on the filter response was investigated by simulations. Four small rectangle patches were added in the topology of the filter as tuning tools. By employing this unique tuning structure, the simulated filter responses and current density distributions on the patches have been greatly improved. The filter was fabricated using double sided YBCO films on a 3 in. LaAlO₃ substrate. The measured results showed satisfactory performance with center frequency 2.494 GHz, fractional bandwidth 0.2%, return loss in passband better than 16 dB, and out-of-band rejection of the filter better than 90 dB at 15 MHz away from its center frequency.     

载Au@Ag核壳复合双金属纳米棒的复合滤纸用作SERS基底

通过静电相互作用将单分散性良好的Au@Ag核壳复合双金属纳米棒(Au@AgNRs)负载于滤纸,制得载Au@AgNRs的复合滤纸。用扫描电子显微镜观察了使用不同Au@AgNRs溶液制备的复合滤纸Au@AgNRs中的分布情况,并统计了单位面积滤纸中Au@AgNRs的粒子数。将制得的载不同数量Au@AgNRs复合滤纸用作表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)基底,通过擦拭载玻片检测了其表面吸附的微量二硫化四甲基秋兰姆,发现使用150 nmol·L-1 Au@AgNRs溶液制备的复合滤纸具有较好的增强效果和检测重复性,十次重复检测结果的相对标准偏差为3.1%,检测线性范围为10-14~10-7 mol·L-1。载Au@AgNRs复合滤纸可作为SERS基底用于蔬菜水果表面农残的检测。     

宽阻带抑制的高温超导带通滤波器设计

提出了一种新型加载插指电容的U型阶跃阻抗谐振器,该谐振器可用于实现高温超导带通滤波器的宽阻带抑制。利用所提出的新型谐振器结构,设计并制作了一个4节切比雪夫型高温超导带通滤波器。滤波器中心频率为1026 MHz,带宽12.6 MHz,第一谐频频率5121 MHz,第一谐频与基频的比值为4.92,阻带抑制度优于60 dB。     

Fluid simulation and X-ray CT images for soot deposition in a diesel filter

Recently, stricter diesel particulate emission standards have been set in many countries. As for the after-treatment of exhaust gas, a diesel filter has been developed to trap diesel particles inside small-scale porous structure. Since measurement of flow in the filter is impossible, the phenomena of particle deposition in the filter are not well understood. In this study, we conducted Lattice Boltzmann simulation on flow in the newly developed diesel filter. The soot deposition was included to consider the particle trap in the filter. The inner structure of the diesel filter as well as trapped soot region was scanned by an X-ray CT technique. Results show that the flow pattern is largely changed when the soot is attached to the filter surface. By comparing simulation results with CT images, soot accumulation region is well predicted. It is found that the amount of trapped soot is proportional to the filter back-pressure even when soot deposition probability is changed.