Third-Harmonic Generated in EH32 Mode of a Gas-Filled WavegUide by fs Laser Pulses

In this paper it is reported for the first time that the third harmonic generated in EH32 mode of a gas-filled waveguide by fs pulses has higher generation efficiency. The new finding contrasts with the experiment in It. G. Durfee Ⅲ, S. Backus, M.M. Murnane, and H.C. Kapteyn, Opt. Left. 22 （1997） 1565]. Some possible factors, which produce the contradiction, are discussed briefly.     

LN晶体的激光损伤研究

测量了ＬＮ晶体的表面和体损伤阈值，以及重复频率脉冲的积累效应，研究了晶体中的非线性吸收过程。分析了损伤机理，发现在表面和体内都会发生多光子吸收，并且是引起晶体破坏的根源，造成宏观破坏的原因在体内是应力炸裂，在表面是热烧熔化和等离子体抛射。     

Tunable Direct Writing of FBGs into a Non-Photosensitive Tm-Doped Fiber Core with an fs Laser and Phase Mask

Fiber Bragg gratings （FBGs） are successfully written in a non-photosensitive Tin-doped single-mode fiber by a 800 nm fs laser and a 2.7μm period phase mask. The intra-core FBGs are written using the phase mask ±1 order interference, and have a period of 1.35 μm, which responds to the second-order reflective central wavelength at 1946.4nm. Based on the magnification tuning writing technology, the tunable writing technology is also experimentally investigated. The distance between the phase mask and the fiber, between the phase mask and the tuning lens, and the focal length of the tuning lens all have an influence on the tunable characteristics. Four different FBGs tuning reflective central wavelengths located at 1958.7nm, 1970.8nm, 1882.5nm and 1899.7nm are obtained.     

50 fs输出的全光纤展宽脉冲激光器

利用非线性偏振旋转锁模方法并引进激光谐振腔色散管理,在1550 nm波段上用展宽脉冲全光纤激光器直接产生50 fs无波分裂的高能量脉冲输出.在330 mW的抽运功率下平均输出功率为56.4 mW,单脉冲能量达到1.5 nJ.因为是全光纤结构,激光器的转换效率高达17%.输出光谱平滑,无任何边带存在,激光器处于无波分裂的单脉冲输出状态.     

Fabrication of χ{2) Grating in Poled Polymer Waveguide Based on Direct Laser Beam Writing

A simple method is described for fabricating high resolution χ⁽²⁾ grating in poled polymer waveguide. It is found that the second-order nonlinearity of corona-poled polymer thin film is erased after visible laser (450 nm) irradiation. The mechanism of the erasure of χ^{2) is discussed. High resolution χ⁽²⁾ grating structure in several poled polymer waveguides is demonstrated by direct writing with a cw He-Cd laser.On leave from the Department of Optical Instruments, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, P.R. of China.     

Laser impulse coupling at 130 fs

We measured the momentum coupling coefficient C_m and laser-generated ion drift velocity and temperature in the femtosecond (fs) region, over a laser intensity range from ablation threshold to about one hundred times threshold. Targets were several pure metals and three organic compounds. The organic compounds were exothermic polymers specifically developed for the micro-laser plasma thruster, and two of these used “tuned absorbers” rather than carbon particles for laser absorption. The metals ranged from Li to W in atomic weight. We measured time of flight (TOF) profiles for ions. Specific impulse reached record values for this type of measurement and ablation efficiency was near 100%. These measurements extend the laser pulsewidth three orders of magnitude downward in pulsewidth relative to previous reports. Over this range, we found C_m to be essentially constant. Ion velocity ranged from 60 to 180 km/s.     

55 fs,510 mW掺铒光纤飞秒激光器

实验搭建了基于分离脉冲放大及光纤非线性压缩的掺铒光纤激光系统.通过三块长度倍增的YVO4晶体进行偏振复用,实现了八脉冲的分离与合成.探究了不同脉冲宽度的注入条件下分离脉冲主放大器的合成效率.将放大后的脉冲耦合入一段单模保偏光纤中进行非线性压缩,通过控制主放大器的抽运光功率和压缩器的光纤长度,对非线性压缩过程进行优化,获...     

飞秒激光脉冲在氮气中产生高次谐波的实验研究

报道了以氮气为介质产生高次谐波的实验结果。实验中主要研究了不同的气体密度、不同入射激光能量和不同偏振对高次谐波辐射强度及谐波级次的影响。并从理论上进行了定性分析。分析结果表明：要想得到较高次、较强的谐波辐射，必须反复进行实验，确定最佳的激光能量和气体密度，以减少由于自由电子密度的提高而导致的相位失配的影响。     

飞秒强激光与欠稠密等离子体相互作用中的二次谐波辐射

对超短超强激光脉冲 (45fs,6× 10 17W /cm2 )与光致电离氦气形成的欠稠密等离子体相互作用中的二次谐波辐射进行了实验研究。测量了多种打靶强度的飞秒激光脉冲与不同气体密度氦气相互作用的二次谐波光谱 ,得到在欠稠密等离子体中二次谐波辐射与打靶激光能量的关系 ,分析了产生二次谐波辐射产生的物理机制 ,在考虑了强短脉冲激光电离气体产生的等离子体径向电子密度梯度因素 ,基于非线性作用过程的理论预期曲线与实验结果较好地吻合     

飞秒激光光刻波导偏振器

飞秒激光诱导折射率变化提供了一种灵活的三维光子器件制作手段.飞秒激光光刻的Ⅱ类波导具有偏振导光特性,可以作为波导偏振器,但是对于要保留的偏振分量损耗太大.本文阐述了一种利用飞秒激光在熔融石英中制作的新型低损耗波导偏振器.它由中间的一根Ⅰ类波导及两侧的两根Ⅱ类纳米光栅轨迹构成.基于飞秒激光诱导的纳米光栅的偏振依赖散射特性...     

飞秒激光光刻波导偏振器

飞秒激光诱导折射率变化提供了一种灵活的三维光子器件制作手段.飞秒激光光刻的II类波导具有偏振导光特性,可以作为波导偏振器,但是对于要保留的偏振分量损耗太大.本文阐述了一种利用飞秒激光在熔融石英中制作的新型低损耗波导偏振器.它由中间的一根I类波导及两侧的两根II类纳米光栅轨迹构成.基于飞秒激光诱导的纳米光栅的偏振依赖散射特性,II类纳米光栅轨迹能够对I类波导的倏逝场进行调制.偏振方向垂直于纳米光栅的模式相对于偏振方向平行于纳米光栅的模式有更大的散射损耗,因此导通的是偏振方向平行于纳米光栅的模式.研究了消光比随I类波导与II类纳米光栅轨迹之间的间距的变化关系,选择一个最佳间距来进一步研究消光比随II类纳米光栅轨迹长度的变化关系.在间距6 μm,II类纳米光栅轨迹扫描长度6 mm处实现了最大15.91 dB的消光比.通过增加II类轨迹的长度或者数量,很容易得到更高的消光比.     

射频激励层叠式波导CO2激光器

提出一种射频激励层叠式波导ＣＯ２激光器技术，在两个波导空间尺寸均为１×１４．５×２００ｍｍ３、射频电源频率为９９ＭＨｚ的条件下，获得最大输出功率为７５Ｗ、最大电光转换效率为１０．８％的实验结果，并在远场得到单峰分布的一维压窄光斑     

激光直写邻近效应的校正

邻近效应是限制光刻系统分辨力的一个重要因素,它也限制了激光直写在亚微米和亚半微米光刻中的应用。分析了激光直写邻近效应产生的原因,指出它和电子束直写及投影光刻的区别,提出了一种简便有效的邻近校正方法。实验表明,通过光学邻近校正（ＯＰＣ）,利用微米级激光直写系统,制作出了０．６μｍ的实用光刻线条     

基于硅波导的喇曼光放大器

在硅波导上添加反向偏压的PIN结构,当波导产生受激喇曼散射时,可以将波导中双光子吸收(TPA)产生的光生自由载流子扫出波导,降低了波导的非线性损失,极大地提高了硅波导中泵浦光对信号光的喇曼增益。为了应用已经非常成熟的硅工艺,并且应用硅波导使器件小型化,根据法布里-帕罗(F-P)腔和行波放大器理论,在硅波导两端的解理面蒸镀增透膜,应用这种波导的喇曼效应设计了一种光放大器,即基于硅波导的喇曼光放大器。建立了计算放大器增益的方程,给出了不同波导长度和输入功率情况下的放大器增益,得出适当增加波导长度和泵浦光功率可以得到较高喇曼增益的结论。基于硅的光放大器有较高的饱和功率且没有泵浦源的限制,通过调整泵浦激光的波长可以放大不同波长的信号光。     

飞秒激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱在地球科学中的应用进展

激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)是原位微区元素含量和同位素比值分析测试的主流技术, 已被广泛应用于地球科学等相关领域。飞秒激光剥蚀系统由于其极短的激光脉宽大大降低甚至消除了传统纳秒激光剥蚀产生的热效应导致的元素分馏问题,在非基体匹配分析等方面显示出巨大发展潜力,已成为当前LA-ICP-MS技术的一个新的发展趋势和研究热点。介绍了飞秒激光剥蚀系统的基本特征(飞秒激光及产生原理、当前商用飞秒激光器种类),重点阐述了飞秒激光剥蚀地球科学样品的机理(样品对激光能量的吸收方式、气溶胶的产生和粒度分布特征、剥蚀坑的形貌特征等),评述了飞秒激光剥蚀在改善分析性能方面的独特优势,最后总结了近十几年来它在地球科学样品元素含量和同位素比值分析中的实际应用,并展望了该技术的应用前景。     

同轴圆筒波导激光器谐振腔的耦合损失及模式特征

计算了同轴圆筒波导谐振腔的耦合损失,结果表明存在三种低耦合损失谐振腔结构,最后分析了谐振腔的模式特性及其设计方法。     

fs Laser surface nano-structuring of high refractory ceramics to enhance solar radiation absorbance

The surface and structural modification of titanium (Ti) has been explored after the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with the surface target. The targets were exposed by femtosecond Ti: Sapphire laser pulses in liquid (ethanol) and dry (air) environment. In order to explore the effect of pulse energy, the targets were exposed to 1,000 succeeding pulses for various pulse energies ranging from 200 to 500 μJ for pulse duration of 25 fs. SEM analyses were performed for central as well as the peripheral ablated areas of the target. It was found that in the case of ethanol (both for central and peripheral ablated areas) there is a grain growth along with nanoscale pores and dots when the target was irradiated for 200 μJ. For intermediate energies (300–400 μJ), grains of 1–2 μm with distinct boundaries are formed in the central ablated area. Whereas in the peripheral ablated area, laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) and globules are grown. For the highest pulse energy (500 μJ), distinct grains are observed for both regions. However, in the peripheral area the grains are of bigger size with cracks along the boundaries. In case of ablation in air, in the center of ablated areas, island-like structures with multiple ablative layer or LIPSS and nanoscale spheres are observed both for lower and intermediate pulse energies. For the highest pulse energy only nanoscale LIPSS could be observed. For ablation in air at the peripheral areas, well-defined, laser-induced periodic surface structures are observed for all pulse energies. Raman spectroscopy reveals that the liquid (ethanol) environment forms the carbonyl compounds with the metal and induces C–C stretching vibration, whereas in case of air, hydroxo complexes are formed. It has been found that surface treatment of Ti with ultrashort (25 fs) laser radiation in ethanol environment allows the growth of particular surface structures in the form of grains and simultaneously induces changes in its chemical composition.     

5 TW/40 fs级台式钛宝石激光系统研究

在TSA-25系统输出35 mJ,800 nm啁啾脉冲的基础上,建立了以钛宝石作为增益介质的二级啁啾脉冲放大(CPA)系统。使用0.6 J和1.6 J,532 nm,10 Hz Nd∶YAG激光抽运,输出脉冲能量达到500 mJ,经压缩脉冲宽度为41 fs,压缩器的能量转换效率为63%,峰值功率可达7.6 TW。通过对放大器系统的钛宝石晶体、抽运密度以及多通结构通道数的选择等实验,有效地提高了能量放大器的萃取效率。其主放大器能量萃取效率达到32%,整个系统占用尺寸不到10 m2。     

Characteristics of Semi-conductor Laser Diode with Nonlinearly Tapered Waveguide

A novel semiconductor laser diode with nonlinearly tapered waveguide is proposed, and analyzed by a finite element beam propagation method (FM-BPM). The results show that the coupling efficiency is increased, and the laser's far field divergence is decreased effectively.     

Study of RF Excited CO 2 Waveguide Laser Array

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