稀土—丝氨酸配合物的热力学研究

在25℃和μ=0.15mol[NaCl]条件下,用电位法测定了L-丝氨酸的质子化常数、15个稀土元素与该配体生成配合物的稳定常数,表明稀土与L-丝氨酸可生成1:1及1:2配合物。讨论了“四分组效应”及钇的位置。用量热滴定法直接测定了稀土与L-丝氨酸生成1:1配合物的△H_(101)值,计算了△S_(101)和△G_(101)值。     

稀土元素—氨三乙酸—氨基酸混配型配合物的研究

为探索多元体系中稀土离子与氨基酸的配位作用,本文在25℃和0.15mol/dm~3(NPCl)离子强度条件下,用pH电位法测定了稀土—氨三乙酸分别与蛋氨酸、丝氨酸生成混配型配合物的稳定常数。讨论了上述混配型配合物稳定常数随稀土原子序数的变化规律以及钇的位置。     

稀土与L-苯丙氨酸配合物的PH电位法及量热滴定法研究

本文在25℃和0.15mol.dm^-^3(NaCl)离子强度下, 用pH电位法和量热滴定法测定了十五个稀土元素(Y和除Pm外的镧系元素)与L-苯丙氨酸1:1配合物的稳定常数及热力学函数。L-苯丙氨酸通过-CO^-~2和-NH~2与稀土离子配位, 生成较稳定的1:1配合物。配合物稳定性呈"四分组效应"。配合物稳定性顺序中Y的位置向轻稀土方向移动。体系的熵变是配位反应驱动力。离子的去水化在配位反应中起重要作用。     

配合物的生成热与配位体的加质子热之间的直线焓关系——Ⅰ.Cu(Ⅱ)-N-(间位取代苯基)氨基乙酸体系

使用RD-1型热导式自动量热计测定了N-(间位取代苯基)氨基乙酸(m-RPhG)酸根的加质子热及其与Cu(Ⅱ)生成配合物的生成热。用量热法从实验上验证了配合物的生成热与配位体的加质子热之间存在着如下的直线焓关系式:△H_M=Q-β△H_L。式中△H_M为配合物的生成热。△H_L为配位体的加质子热,Q和β为常数。还计算了配合物的生成熵和配位体的加质子熵,结果表明配合物的生成熵与配位体的加质子熵之间也存在线性关系。     

稀土与L—苏氨酸配合物的热力学性质

在25℃和0.15mol/L(NaCl)离子强度下,用pH电位法和量热滴定法系统地测定了十五种稀土元素(除钷外)与L-苏氨酸配合物的稳定常数及其热力学参数,也得到配体L-苏氨酸的质子化常数及相应的热力学参数。考察了稀土与L-苏氨酸配合物的稳定性及其热力学参数的变化规律,详细地讨论L-苏氨酸与稀土配位作用的特点。     

蛋氨酸稀土配合物构象的^13CNMR研究

本文测量了在7种不同稀土离子(La~(3 )、Pr~(3 )、Nd~(3 )、Dy~(3 )、Ho~(3 )、Er~(3 )和Tm~(3 ))的水溶液中蛋氨酸~(13)C稀土诱导位移。利用稀土诱导位移对蛋氨酸稀土配合物构象的模拟结果表明,蛋氨酸通过离子化的羧基与稀土离子配位,Ln~(3 )—O长度为2.7A在配合物中,蛋氨酸以伸展状态存在,C_0-C_α-C_β-C_γ和C_α-C_β-C_γ-S成反式构象,C_β-C_γ-S-C_δ成旁式构象。根据稀土诱导位移方法建立的构象模型符合~1H邻位质子偶合常数和~(13)C顺磁弛豫速率的结果。     

L—抗坏血酸与稀土离子作用的NMR研究

利用稀土诱导位移方法研究了水溶液中L-抗坏血酸(Vc)与三价稀土离子的配位作用。在弱酸性条件下二者形成1:1的配合物,稳定常数为8.0M~(-1)。抗坏血酸通过内脂环3位碳上的羟基氧与稀土离子配位,RE~(3 )-O键长为2.0,内脂基和其他碳上的羟基不与稀土离子配位。在配合物中C(3)-C(4)-C(5)-C(6)成反式构象。C(5)-C(6)键与配合物的零偶极位移锥面交叉。     

配合物的生成热与配位体的加质子热之间的直线焓关系——Cu(Ⅱ)-N-(对位取代苯基)氨基乙酸体系

使用RD-Ⅰ型热导式自动量热计测量N-(对位取代苯基)氨基乙酸的加质子热及其与Cu(Ⅱ)生成配合物的生成热,首次用量热法从实验上验证了配合物的生成热与配位体的加质子热之间存在如下的直线焓关系式:△H_(ML)=Q—β△H_(HL),式中:△H_(ML)为配合热,△H_(HL)为加质子热,Q和β为常数。     

稀土与多卤代变色酸双偶氮胂类试剂的配合反应研究

本文研究了稀土与卤代变色酸双偶氮胂类试剂的配合反应,测定了配合物的稳定常数,试剂的离解常数和配合物组成,讨论了试剂结构与配合物吸收光谱的关系和β型配合物的生成条件,从而探讨了该类试剂在高酸度下与稀土的配合反应机理.     

RE(Hsal)2·(tch)·2H2O配合物与大肠杆菌作用的热动力学研究

用TAMair微量热仪测定了新合成的稀土水杨酸硫代脯氨酸配合物RE(Hsal)2·(tch)·2H2O(RE=La,Sm;Hsal=C7H5O3;tch=C4H6NO2S)在37.00℃时对大肠杆菌作用的产热曲线;根据产热曲线计算了在稀土水杨酸硫代脯氨酸配合物作用下,大肠杆菌生长代谢的最大发热功率Pmax、速率常数k、传代时间tG、抑制率I和半抑制浓度cI,50等热动力学参数.结果表明:稀土水杨酸硫代脯氨酸配合物在低浓度下对大肠杆菌有刺激作用,高浓度下为抑制作用,即稀土配合物对微生物的生长具有双向生物效应,也称为Hormesis效应.配合物Sm(Hsal)2·(tch)·2H2O(cI,50=1.62mg·L-1)的抑制效果优于La(Hsal)2·(tch)·2H2O(cI,50=7.60mg·L-1).     

Complex formation of p-nitrocalix[6]arene with rare earth metal ions.

p-Nitrocalix[6]arene (CALX-N6, L) formed a 1:1 metal complex, ML, with light rare earth metal ions (M3+), such as La3+, Pr3+ and Nd3+ except Ce3+, but formed a 1:2 (M(3+):L) complex, ML2 (the charge of the complex is omitted) with heavy rare earth metal ions, such as Sm(3+)-Lu3+ including Y3+. The conditional stability constants of these 1:1 and 1:2 complexes, KML and KML2, were measured by a ligand displacement method using absorption spectrophotometry in 4% (v/v) acetone aqueous solution at pH 9.65 +/- 0.15 and 25 degrees C.     

Complexes of bivalent metal cations in electrospray mass spectra of common organic compounds

In the standard electrospray ionization mass spectra of many common, low molecular mass organic compounds dissolved in methanol, peaks corresponding to ions with formula [3M + Met](2+) (M = organic molecule, Met = bivalent metal cation) are observed, sometimes with significant abundances. The most common are ions containing Mg(2+), Ca(2+) and Fe(2+). Their presence can be easily rationalized on the basis of typical organic reaction work-up procedures. The formation of [3M + Met](2+) ions has been studied using N-FMOC-proline methyl ester as a model organic ligand and Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), Ba(2+), Fe(2+), Ni(2+), Mn(2+), Co(2+) and Zn(2+) chlorides or acetates as the sources of bivalent cation. It was found that all ions studied form [3M + Met](2+) complexes with N-FMOC-proline methyl ester, some of them at very low concentrations. Transition metal cations generally show higher complexation activity in comparison with alkaline earth metal cations. They are also more specific in the formation of [3M + Met](2+) complexes. In the case of alkaline earth metal cations [2M + Met](2+) and [4M + Met](2+) complex ions are also observed. It has been found that [3M + Met](2+) complex ions undergo specific fragmentation at relatively low energy, yielding fluorenylmethyl cation as a major product. [M + Na](+) ions are much more stable and their fragmentation is not as specific.     

Stabilité des carboxylates de terres rares,IV N-acétylglycinates

The stability constants of N-acetylgycinates of some rare earths in aqueous solution have been determined by a potentiometric method, and by a solvent extraction technique. The ligand forms 1:1 complexes which are stabilized by relatively large positive entropies of formation, the corresponding enthalpies being endothermic. This backs up the assumption that a conjugate base of an amino acid forms innersphere complexes and acts as a unidentate ligand towards a rare earth cation, like a simple carboxylate.     

The stability of the metal complexes of cyclic tetra-aza tetra-acetic acids

The stability constants of the complexes formed by three tetra-aza macrocyclic complexones (DOTA, TRITA and TETA) with Mn(2+), Fe(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) were determined with an automated titration instrument with data acquisition and the calculations were performed with the Superquad program, confirming and extending the range of values previously available. Both 1:1 and 2:1 metal-to-ligand complexes were now considered including their protonated species. The results show that DOTA is a powerful but unselective ligand whereas TETA, although not so powerful as DOTA, is an interesting selective ligand for pairs of metal ions, e.g., Cd(2+) and Pb(2+).     

Stabilité des carboxylates de terres rares,II. Bis-hydroxyméthyl-2,2-propionates

The stability constants of 2, 2-bis-hydroxymethyl-propionates of rare earths have been determined at ionic strength 0,100 (NaClO₄) at 25.0°C by a potentiometric method. The ligand forms 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 complexes with all the rare earths and weak 1 : 3 complexes with light rare earths only. In these last complexes, it binds in a unidentate way. The dissociation constant of the acid has also been measured.     

Toward optimized high-relaxivity MRI agents: thermodynamic selectivity of hydroxypyridonate/catecholate ligands

The thermodynamic selectivity for Gd(3+) relative to Ca(2+), Zn(2+), and Fe(3+) of two ligands of potential interest as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents has been determined by NMR spectroscopy and potentiometric and spectrophotometric titration. The two hexadentate ligands TREN-6-Me-3,2-HOPO (H(3)L2) and TREN-bisHOPO-TAM-EA (H(4)L3) incorporate 2,3-dihydroxypyridonate and 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalamide moieties. They were chosen to span a range of basicity while maintaining a structural motif similar to that of the parent ligand, TREN-1-Me-3,2-HOPO (H(3)L1), in order to investigate the effect of the ligand basicity on its selectivity. The 1:1 stability constants (beta(110)) at 25 degrees C and 0.1 M KCl are as follows. L2: Gd(3+), 20.3; Ca(2+), 7.4; Zn(2+), 11.9; Fe(3+), 27.9. L3: Gd(3+), 24.3; Ca(2+), 5.2; Zn(2+), 14.6; Fe(3+), 35.1. At physiological pH, the selectivity of the ligand for Gd(3+) over Ca(2+) increases with the basicity of the ligand and decreases for Gd(3+) over Fe(3+). These trends are consistent with the relative acidities of the various metal ions;- more basic ligands favor harder metals with a higher charge-to-radius ratio. The stabilities of the Zn(2+) complexes do not correlate with basicity and are thought to be more influenced by geometric factors. The selectivities of these ligands are superior to those of the octadentate poly(aminocarboxylate) ligands that are currently used as MRI contrast agents in diagnostic medicine.     

Metal ion-binding properties of 1-methyl-4-aminobenzimidazole (=9-methyl-1,3-dideazaadenine) and 1,4-dimethylbenzimidazole (=6,9-dimethyl-1,3-dideazapurine). quantification of the steric effect of the 6-amino group on metal ion binding at the N7 site of the adenine residue

The stability constants of the 1:1 complexes formed between Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), Ba(2+), Mn(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), or Cd(2+) (=M(2+)) and 1-methyl-4-aminobenzimidazole (MABI) or 1,4-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMBI) were determined by potentiometric pH titrations in aqueous solution (25 degrees C; I = 0.5 M, NaNO(3)). Some of the stability constants were also measured by UV spectrophotometry. The acidity constants of the species H(2)(MABI)(2+) and H(DMBI)(+) were determined by the same methods, some twice. Comparison of the stability constants of the M(MABI)(2+) and M(DMBI)(2+) complexes with those calculated from log versus p straight-line plots, which were established previously for sterically unhindered benzimidazole-type ligands (=L), reveals that the stabilities of the M(MABI)(2+) and M(DMBI)(2+) complexes are significantly reduced due to steric effects of the C4 substituents on metal ion binding at N3. This effect is more pronounced in the M(DMBI)(2+) complexes. Considering the steric equivalence of methyl and (noncoordinating) amino groups (as they occur in adenines), it is concluded that the same extent of steric inhibition by the (C6)NH(2) group is to be expected on metal ion binding at N7 with adenine derivatives. The basicity of the amino group in MABI is significantly higher than in its corresponding adenine derivative. Indeed, it is concluded that in the M(MABI)(2+) complexes chelate formation involving the amino group occurs to some extent. The formation degrees of these "closed" species are calculated; they vary for the complexes of Mn(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), or Cd(2+) between about 50 and 90%. The stability of the M(MABI)(2+) and M(DMBI)(2+) complexes with the alkaline earth ions is very low but unaffected by the C4 substituent; this probably indicates that in these instances outersphere complexes (with a water molecule between N3 and the metal ion) are formed.     

Design and Synthesis of a Selective Chemosensor for Zn^2＋

A hydroxyl substituted phenolic Schiff base 1, used as sensor for detection of Zn^2＋, was synthesized and investigated. It was found that a strong fluorescence emission was observed when 1 bound to Zn^2＋ in acetonitrile, whereas no fluorescence emission was detected when 1 bound to other metal ions （Fe^2＋, Co^2＋, Ni^2＋, Cu^2＋, Cd^2＋, Hg^2＋, Mg^2＋, Pb^2＋, Ca^2＋, Ba^2＋, Sr^2＋） except for Mg^2＋, for which a weak fluorescence emission was detected in the same condition. Competition experiment showed that no obvious interference was observed in its fluorescence while 1 performed the titration with Zn^2＋ in the different mixtures of metal ions. To understand the site where Zn^2＋ coordinated to the ligand and the mechanism of binding, three other hydroxyl substituted phenolic Schiff bases 2-4 were synthesized and their binding reactions with Zn^2＋were also investigated.     

Synthesis and Properties of 5-Chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline-Substituted Azacrown Ethers: A New Family of Highly Metal Ion-Selective Lariat Ethers

New 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (CHQ)-substituted aza-18-crown-6 (4), diaza-18-crown-6 (1), diaza-21-crown-7 (2), and diaza-24-crown-8 (3) ligands, where CHQ was attached through the 7-position, and aza-18-crown-6 (11) and diaza-18-crown-6 (10) macrocycles, where CHQ was attached through the 2-position, were prepared. Thermodynamic quantities for complexation of these CHQ-substituted macrocycles with alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metal ions were determined in absolute methanol at 25.0 degrees C by calorimetric titration. Two isomers, 1 and 10, which are different only in the attachment positions of the CHQ to the parent macroring, exhibit remarkable differences in their affinities toward the metal ions. Compound 1 forms very stable complexes with Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+), and Ni(2+) (log K = 6.82, 5.31, 10.1, and 11.4, respectively), but not with the alkali metal ions. Ligand 10 displays strong complexation with K(+) and Ba(2+) (log K = 6.61 and 12.2, respectively) but not with Mg(2+) or Cu(2+). The new macrocycles and their complexes have been characterized by means of UV-visible and (1)H NMR spectra and X-ray crystallography. New peaks in the UV spectrum of the Mg(2+)-1 complex could allow an analytical determination of Mg(2+) in very dilute solutions in the presence of other alkali and alkaline earth metal cations. (1)H NMR spectral and X-ray crystallographic studies indicate that ligand 10 forms a cryptate-like structure when coordinated with K(+) and Ba(2+), which induces an efficient overlap of the two hydroxyquinoline rings. Such overlapping forms a pseudo second macroring that results in a significant increase in both complex stability and cation selectivity.     

双甘肽稀土配合物溶液结构的~(13)C~1H NMR研究

关于双甘肽的~(13)C化学位移行为及其与稀土离子的配位作用前人有过报导。但有关水溶液中双甘肽稀土配合物的结构仍不清楚。本文测定了在重稀土离子Dy~(3+)、Ho~(3+)、Er~(3+)、Tm~(3+)和Yb~(3+)作用下双甘肽~(13)C和~1H的顺磁诱导位移,研究了水溶液中双甘肽稀土配合物的组成及结构。1 实验部分