聚四氟乙烯毛细管在线富集分离痕量钌(Ⅲ)及荧光测定

利用碱性条件下聚四氟乙烯毛细管(PTFEtube)对钌-邻菲罗啉具有富集作用,建立了单道流动注射在线富集分离及检测痕量钌的荧光分析法。本方法考察了毛细管壁、流速、pH值、温度及掩蔽剂EDTA、干扰离子等因素对富集效果的影响。当浓缩液pH值为11.8,邻菲罗啉浓度为1×10-4mol/L,浓缩和洗脱速度为3.8mL/min及EDTA的浓度为2×10-2mol/L时,获得最佳结果。在优化的实验条件下,该方法在0~50ng/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.8ng/L(S/N=3);RSD=2.1%(n=3)。     

磁芯-硫脲壳聚糖微柱在线流动注射-原子吸收光谱法测定大米中痕量镉

本文将磁芯-硫脲壳聚糖作为固定相填充到自制的微柱中,采用流动注射在线分离富集与火焰原子吸收法联用对大米中痕量镉进行测定。pH=7.0的试液以3.9mL/min速率采样120s,以0.5mol/L HNO3-0.1mol/L硫脲作为洗脱液,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定洗脱液中Cd2+,检测的线性范围为0.02~1.20μg/mL(r=0.9922),检出限(3σ)为2.5ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.79%(c=1.0μg/mL,n=7),加标回收率在96.0%~104.2%之间。     

超高效液相色谱法同时测定布洛芬注射液中布洛芬和精氨酸的含量

建立了一种同时测定布洛芬注射液中布洛芬和精氨酸含量的超高效液相色谱方法。精氨酸与衍生化试剂2,4-二硝基氟苯(DNFB)反应后,与布洛芬同时在超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(UPLC-PDA)上检测。采用BEH C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm),以乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(pH 2.5)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.4 mL/min,柱温为30 ℃,检测波长分别为357 nm(精氨酸衍生物)和220 nm(布洛芬)。结果表明,布洛芬与精氨酸分别在2.0～100.5 mg/L和1.7～84.5 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)均为0.9997;平均回收率分别为99.8%和99.6%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)分别为0.37%和0.25%;定量限(信噪比（S/N）=10)分别为0.1 ng和0.2 ng;检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.03 ng和0.05 ng。本方法快速、准确,重复性好,可较全面地评价布洛芬注射液的质量。     

1-(3-硝基苯基)-3-[4-(苯基偶氮)苯基]-三氮烯修饰碳糊电极测定痕量锡

制备了三氮烯修饰碳糊电极(m-NPPAPT/CPE),并研究了Sn(Ⅱ)在该电极上的吸附伏安行为,建立了一种测定痕量锡(Ⅱ)的新方法。采用二阶导数线性扫描溶出伏安法进行分析。结果表明:在1mL 0.5mol/L HCl溶液中,于-1200mV处搅拌富集一定时间,在-1200～-200mV范围内以150mV/s的扫描速度线性扫描,Sn(Ⅱ)吸附在修饰电极表面,于约-476mV(vs SCE)处产生一个灵敏的阳极溶出峰,峰电流比未修饰电极增大约11倍。其峰电流与Sn(Ⅱ)浓度在4.0×10-10～1.0×10-8 mol/L和1.0×10-8～4.0×10-6 mol/L范围内分两段呈良好线性关系,其线性回归方程分别为ip(μA)=1.646C(μmol/L)+2.9566和ip(μA)=52.804C(μmol/L)-0.6402,相关系数分别为0.9973和0.9967;检出限(S/N=3)为2.7×10-10 mol/L(富集时间120s)。本方法操作简便、灵敏度高,应用于罐头食品中锡含量的测定,结果满意。     

在线阴离子富集-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法的研究

将流动注射在线预富集系统与石墨炉原子吸收光谱法联用,以强碱型阴离子交换纤维为柱填充材料,以浓盐酸为络合剂,以稀盐酸为洗脱液,用固定洗脱液体积方式测定了Cd,Pb和Zn,富集倍数分别为19,17和15(与直接引入40μL进样量相比),检出限(3σ,ng/L)分别为1.1,8.2和2.6.     

谷胱甘肽功能化有序介孔碳用于选择性分离富集痕量镉

将谷胱甘肽修饰到有序介孔碳表面,制备了一种谷胱甘肽功能化的有序介孔碳(GSH-CMK-3),采用傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜、热重分析等对其进行了表征。GSH-CMK-3具有优良的化学稳定性和热稳定性,对Cd~(2+)具有较强的吸附性能,静态吸附容量为87.87 mg/g,吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型。在顺序注射微填充柱分离富集体系中,以0.006 mol/L硫脲(溶于0.2 mol/L HNO_3)为洗脱剂,洗脱效率为96%。在最佳实验条件下,进样体积为1000 μL,洗脱体积为50 μL时,富集倍数为17.3,以石墨炉原子吸收为检测器,建立了痕量Cd~(2+)的分离富集分析方法,测定Cd~(2+)的线性范围为0.05~0.20 μg/L,精密度为2.9%(n=13,100 ng/L),检出限为1.9 ng/L(n=7,3σ),对标准物质GBW08608(水中镉、铬、铜、镍、铅、锌成分分析标准物质)中的痕量Cd~(2+)的分析结果与标示值无明显差异。     

碳糊电极阳极吸附伏安法测定洛美沙星

报道了碳糊电极阳极吸附伏安法测定洛美沙星的新方法。在0.096mol L的KHP NaOH(pH5.4)缓冲液中,用碳糊电极为工作电极,在0.3V(vs.SCE)富集一定时间,然后从0.3～1 3V以300mV s扫速线性扫描,记录其在1 02V的二次导数阳极溶出峰。溶出峰电流与洛美沙星浓度在8.0×10-9～8.0×10-8mol L(富集90s)和8.0×10-8～8.0×10-7mol L(富集30s)范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9844和0.9967,检出限为9.0×10-10mol L(S N=3)。探讨了洛美沙星在碳糊电极上的伏安性质和电极反应机理,并且成功地应用于人体尿液中洛美沙星的测定,结果与紫外光度法基本吻合。     

离子液体-分散液液微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定尿样中3-羟基苯并[a]芘

建立了离子液体-分散液液微萃取/高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定吸烟人群尿样中3-羟基苯并[a]芘的分析方法。尿样经酶解、滤膜过滤后,采用1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([C_8M IM][PF_6])为萃取剂进行分散液液微萃取富集,移取沉积相进行液相色谱分析。含量在1.5~150 ng/L范围内具备良好的线性关系(r~2≥0.996),富集倍数约为180。检出限(LOD,S/N=3)和测定下限(LOQ,S/N=10)分别为0.45和1.5 ng/L。在1.8~5 ng/L加标水平下,回收率为85.6~94.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.4%~5.2%。方法适用于吸烟人群尿样中痕量3-羟基苯并[a]芘含量的测定。     

桑色素修饰的纳米TiO_2分离富集铬和铝

建立了在表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS)的活化作用下,桑色素修饰的纳米TiO2分离富集,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定Cr3+和A l3+的新方法。考察了溶液pH、洗脱条件和干扰离子等因素对分析物分离富集的影响。结果表明,在pH 3.0时,Cr3+和A l3+可被桑色素修饰的纳米TiO2定量富集,吸附的金属离子可用1.5 mL 0.50 mol/L HC l溶液完全洗脱。在优化的实验条件下,纳米TiO2-桑色素对Cr3+和A l3+的吸附容量分别为9.69 mg/g和12.76 mg/g。本法对Cr3+和A l3+的检出限(3σ)分别为:0.21和0.49 ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为2.2%和1.6%(n=11,C=50 ng/mL)。本法应用于藏药和扇贝标准样品(GBW 10024)中Cr3+和A l3+的测定,测定值与标准值基本吻合,分析结果满意。     

三辛胺修饰碳糊电极测定电子引脚中的Cr(Ⅵ)

采用三辛胺(TOA)修饰碳糊电极(TOA/CPE)测定了Cr(Ⅵ)含量,并考察了最佳的实验条件。当富集时间为10 min,富集介质为0.15 mol/L H2SO4时,TOA/CPE能够有效地富集Cr(Ⅵ)。以溶出伏安法测定Cr(Ⅵ),在-0.45 V(vs.SCE)处有灵敏的还原峰,峰电流与Cr(Ⅵ)浓度在5.0×10-7~1.0×10-3mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系。干扰试验显示TOA/CPE对Cr(Ⅵ)具有高选择性,能够在Cr(Ⅲ)浓度是Cr(Ⅵ)600倍时准确测定Cr(Ⅵ),检出限达3.4×10-9mol/L(S/N=3)。TOA/CPE测定了实际样品电子引脚中的Cr(Ⅵ),实验结果与紫外分光光度法结果一致。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.