高效液相色谱法同时测定鸭梨种子中3种内源激素

建立了高效液相色谱同时测定鸭梨种子中3种内源激素赤霉素(GA3)、生长素(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)含量的方法.采用C18反相色谱柱,柱温35 ℃,以甲醇-水(含1%乙酸)(4∶ 6, V/V)为流动相,流速为1 mL/min, 检测器波长开始用254 nm, 2.5 min时将波长切换至210 nm,至3.8 min,GA3出峰结束后,再次将波长切换回254 nm测定IAA和ABA.GA3、IAA和ABA的平均回收率分别为92.8%、91.6%和94.7%.为快速、准确分离和测定鸭梨种子内源激素提供了一种可靠方法.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定马尾松组织中内源激素

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法(SPE-HPLC)测定马尾松组织中内源激素赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)和脱落酸(ABA)的分析方法。采用WatersC18反相柱(250×4.6mmi.d.,5μm),以体积比为45∶54∶1的甲醇-水-乙酸溶液为流动相,流速1.0mL/min;进样量20μL;检测波长254nm;外标法定量测定。选用Sep-PakC18固相萃取小柱富集内源激素,再经流动相洗脱预处理。4种内源激素在1.0～3.0μg/g添加范围内的回收率为88.4%～108.3%,GA3、IAA、ZR和ABA检出限依次为0.05μg/g、0.02μg/g、0.03μg/g和0.01μg/g。     

RP-HPLC法检测发酵液中赤霉素GA4,GA7的含量

建立了反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定发酵液中赤霉素GA4,GA7的方法。探讨了流动相缓冲盐与甲醇的比例、缓冲盐pH、温度、流速等对两种赤霉素分离的影响,结果表明在Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱下,以V(甲醇):V(pH3.0,0.05 mol/L KH2PO4)=60:40为流动相,柱温35℃,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长228nm,进样量20μL,分离度良好。GA4,GA7标准品质量浓度分别在0.1~8.0 mg/mL,0.1~3.0 mg/mL范围内线性关系良好,线性回归方程为Y4=1.58878+7.06978X4,Y7=0.48281+7.12931X7;GA4,GA7检出限分别为19.6,14.3μg/mL,平均加标回收率分别为98.8%,99.9%,相对标准偏差RSD分别为1.5%,0.34%。     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定注射液中白消安的研究

建立了一种以二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(DEDC)为柱前衍生化试剂测定白消安的反相高效液相色谱分析方法。采用C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以V(乙腈)∶V(水)∶V(四氢呋喃)=55∶25∶20为流动相,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为278 nm。白消安在119.0~892.5μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,r=0.9988,回收率99.81%~99.89%。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定水样中辛硫磷和氯菊酯

采用AgilentSBC8(5μm,4.6mmi.d.×150mm)色谱柱,以V(乙腈)∶V(水)=70∶30为流动相进行分离,二极管阵列检测器(PDA)在210nm波长处检测,建立了反相高效液相色谱法同时测定辛硫磷和氯菊酯的分析方法。辛硫磷和氯菊酯的线性范围分别为0.1～10μg mL和0.02～10μg mL,检出限分别为0 05和0.01μg mL,实际水样的加标回收率为90.3%和95.3%,相对标准偏差为1.3%和3.2%(n=7)。     

青海栽培何首乌不同部位中蒽醌类成分的测定

用高效液相色谱法测定青海栽培何首乌中的主要有效成分大黄素、大黄素甲醚等蒽醌类成分。采用kromasil C18柱(4.6 mm i.d.×250 mm,5μm);V(甲醇)∶V(水)∶V(H3PO4)=750∶250∶0.001为流动相,检测波长为254 nm,流速为1mL/min,进样量10μL。用此方法测定青海栽培何首乌不同部位中的蒽醌类成分,大黄素和大黄素甲醚达到基线分离,线性范围分别为0.094~1.50μg(r=0.9992),0.094~1.50μg(r=0.9997),回收率分别为大黄素95%、大黄素甲醚102%。实验发现青海栽培何首乌块根中大黄素和大黄素甲醚成分较藤、叶中高,大黄素含量比大黄素甲醚含量高。     

反相离子对液相色谱法同时测定11种氟喹诺酮类药物的研究

建立了高效液相色谱-荧光法同时测定11种氟喹诺酮类药物的分析方法.主要研究了流动相、流动相配比及流动相的pH对氟喹诺酮分离的影响.确定了液相色谱分析最佳条件.分离条件为:Xbridge Shield RP C18柱,以V(0.10%三氟乙酸)∶V(乙腈)∶V(甲醇)=89∶4∶7为流动相;检测波长为λex=280 nm和λem＝450 nm.方法检出限为:诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、培氟沙星和恩诺沙星0.007μg/mL,单诺沙星0.002 μg/mL,沙拉沙星和氧氟沙星为0.04 μg/mL,二氟沙星和奥比沙星为0.02 μg/mL,依诺沙星、麻保沙星为0.4 μg/mL,各组分回收率在97%～100.2%,相对标准偏差为0.2%～2.9%.     

RP-HPLC法测定复方丹参片中的隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ和丹参酮ⅡA

建立了反相高效液相色谱法测定复方丹参片(丹参、三七、冰片)中的隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ和丹参酮ⅡA。采用DiamonsilTMC18(250×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以V(甲醇)∶V(水)=75∶25为流动相,流速为0.8 mL/min,检测波长270nm。隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ和丹参酮ⅡA分别在1.456~10.19μg/mL、2.160~15.12μg/mL和3.152~22.06μg/mL的范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率分别为99.21%(RSD=0.63%)、100.3%(RSD=1.0%)、99.87%(RSD=0.63%)。可用于复方丹参片的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定脂质体松萝酸中松萝酸的含量

建立了HPLC测定脂质体松萝酸中药物松萝酸的方法。以Kromasil C18反相色谱柱(250 mmⅹ4.6 mm,5μm)为分离柱,流动相组成为V(甲醇)∶V(磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 5.0))=7∶3,流速1 mL/min,紫外检测,波长284 nm。松萝酸在10~50μg/mL的范围内有很好的线性关系(r=0.9994)。加样回收率为100.1%±0.6%,RSD为0.54%±0.07%。本方法适用于脂质体松萝酸中药物松萝酸的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定红霉素、甲红霉素和罗红霉素的研究

建立了高效液相色谱-荧光法同时测定红霉素、甲红霉素、罗红霉素的方法。该方法以9-芴代甲氧苯酰氯(FMOC-CL)为衍生试剂,以V(乙腈)∶V(磷酸二氢钾)=3∶1为反应体系,于50℃反应1 h。液相色谱分析条件为:Extend-C18柱(4.6 mm i.d.×150 mm),乙腈-25 mmoL磷酸二氢胺(pH 7)为流动相,梯度淋洗;柱温30℃,流速1.5 mL/min,激发波长255 nm、发射波长315 nm。线性范围分别为红霉素0.5~100μg、甲红霉素0.5~100μg、罗红素0.1~150μg。检出限为红霉素1μg/mL、甲红霉素1μg/mL、罗红霉素0.25μg/mL。加标回收率为90%~97%,相对标准偏差为3.5%~7.9%。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。