Small time and semiclassical asymptotics for stochastic heat equations driven by Lévy noise

The paper is devoted to the study of stochastic heat equations driven by Lévy noise. Applying the WKB method, we obtain multiplicative small time and semiclassical asymptotics for the Green functions and for solutions of the Cauchy problem for the heat equation under some natural additional assumptions on their coefficients. The first step in this construction consists in solving the corresponding stochastic Hamilton-Jacobi equations which constitute the "classical part" of the semiclassical approximation. In its turn, the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equations can be solved via solutions of the corresponding Hamiltonian systems, which gives rise to the method of stochastic characteristics. The relevant theory of stochastic Hamiltonian systems and stochastic Hamilton-Jacobi equations was developed in our previous papers. Here we put the final rung on the ladder: stochastic Hamiltonian systems, stochastic Hamilton-Jacobi equations, stochastic heat equations.     

Symmetric period solutions with prescribed minimal period for even autonomous semipositive Hamiltonian systems

We study some monotonicity and iteration inequality of the Maslov-type index i-1of linear Hamiltonian systems.As an application we prove the existence of symmetric periodic solutions with prescribed minimal period for first order nonlinear autonomous Hamiltonian systems which are semipositive,even,and superquadratic at zero and infinity.This result gives a positive answer to Rabinowitz’s minimal period conjecture in this case without strictly convex assumption.We also give a different proof of the existence of symmetric periodic solutions with prescribed minimal period for classical Hamiltonian systems which are semipositive,even,and superquadratic at zero and infinity which was proved by Fei,Kim and Wang in 2001.     

Multibump homoclinic solutions for a class of second order, almost periodic Hamiltonian systems

We prove the existence of infinitely many homoclinic solutions for a class of second order Hamiltonian systems in R ^N of the form where is almost periodic and W is superquadratic. Received October 17, 1995     

Computations of cohomology groups and nontrivial periodic solutions of Hamiltonian systems

By computing the E-critical groups at θ and infinity of the corresponding functional of Hamiltonian systems, we proved the existence of nontrivial periodic solutions for the systems which may be resonant at θ and infinity under some new conditions. Some results in the literature are extended and some new type of theorems are proved. The main tool is the E-Morse theory developed by Kryszewski and Szulkin.     

On Optimal Feedback Control for Stationary Linear Systems

We study linear-quadratic optimal control problems for finite dimensional stationary linear systems A X+B U=Z with output Y=C X+D U from the viewpoint of linear feedback solution. We interpret solutions in relation to system robustness with respect to disturbances Z and relate them to nonlinear matrix equations of Riccati type and eigenvalue-eigenvector problems for the corresponding Hamiltonian system. Examples are included along with an indication of extensions to continuous, i.e., infinite dimensional, systems, primarily of elliptic type.     

Discrete Optimal Control: Second Order Optimality Conditions

In this paper, we present a survey and refinement of our recent results in the discrete optimal control theory. For a general nonlinear discrete optimal control problem (P) , second order necessary and sufficient optimality conditions are derived via the nonnegativity ( I S 0) and positivity ( I >0) of the discrete quadratic functional I corresponding to its second variation. Thus, we fill the gap in the discrete-time theory by connecting the discrete control problems with the theory of conjugate intervals, Hamiltonian systems, and Riccati equations. Necessary conditions for I S 0 are formulated in terms of the positivity of certain partial discrete quadratic functionals, the nonexistence of conjugate intervals, the existence of conjoined bases of the associated linear Hamiltonian system, and the existence of solutions to Riccati matrix equations. Natural strengthening of each of these conditions yields a characterization of the positivity of I and hence, sufficiency criteria for the original problem (P) . Finally, open problems and perspectives are also discussed.     

Energy criterion of global existence for energy-critical Schrödinger equations with subcritical perturbations

We present a variational approach to study the energy-critical Schrödinger equations with subcritical perturbations. Through analysing the Hamiltonian property we establish two types of invariant evolution flows, and derive a new sharp energy criterion for blowup of solutions for the equation. Furthermore, we answer the question: how small are the initial data such that the solutions of this equation are bounded in H ¹(R ^N )?     

Existence of multiple normal mode trajectories on convex energy surfaces of even,classical Hamiltonian systems

Hamiltonian systems of n degrees of freedom for which the Hamiltonian is a function that is even both in its joint n coordinate variables as well as in its joint n momentum variables are discussed. For such systems the number of distinct trajectories which correspond to particular periodic solutions (normal modes) with the same energy, is investigated. To that end a constrained dual action principle is introduced. Applying min-max methods to this variational problem, several results are obtained, among which the existence of at least n distinct trajectories if specific conditions are satisfied.     

O(2)-lnvariant Hamiltonians on ℂ4

A normal-form theory and a group-theoretic classification for periodic solutions of O(2)-invariant Hamiltonians on ?⁴ is developed. The theory applies to Hamiltonian systems with an O(2) spatial symmetry that also have a linear-mode interaction. Our motivation is the classic (m, n) mode-interaction problem for capillary-gravity waves. It is well known that the addition of surface-tension effects to irrotational water waves results in a countable infinity of values of the surface-tension coefficient at which two traveling waves of differing wavelength travel at the same speed. However, recognizing the reflectional symmetry in space, the linearized problem is actually spanned by four traveling waves. In other words there is an O(2) symmetry in space. A classification theorem for group-invariant Hamiltonian systems, based on a listing of the isotropy subgroups and their fixed-point spaces, is used to show that there are between seven and fourteen classes of periodic solutions in O(2)-invariant Hamiltonian systems with a mode interaction. The results are used to interpret, from a group-theoretic viewpoint, the classic Wilton ripple.     

Focal points and principal solutions of linear Hamiltonian systems revisited

In this paper we present a novel view on the principal (and antiprincipal) solutions of linear Hamiltonian systems, as well as on the focal points of their conjoined bases. We present a new and unified theory of principal (and antiprincipal) solutions at a finite point and at infinity, and apply it to obtain new representation of the multiplicities of right and left proper focal points of conjoined bases. We show that these multiplicities can be characterized by the abnormality of the system in a neighborhood of the given point and by the rank of the associated T-matrix from the theory of principal (and antiprincipal) solutions. We also derive some additional important results concerning the representation of T-matrices and associated normalized conjoined bases. The results in this paper are new even for completely controllable linear Hamiltonian systems. We also discuss other potential applications of our main results, in particular in the singular Sturmian theory.     

Hyperbolic-like solutions for singular Hamiltonian systems

We study the existence of unbounded solutions of singular Hamiltonian systems: where is a potential with a singularity. For a class of singular potentials with a strong force , we show the existence of at least one hyperbolic-like solutions. More precisely, for given and , we find a solution q(t) of (*) satisfying Received October 1998     

Periodic Solutions of Classical Hamiltonian Systems without Palais-Smale Condition

In this paper, we study the existence of periodic solutions for classical Hamiltonian systems without the Palais-Smale condition. We prove that the information of the potential function contained in a finite domain is sufficient for the existence of periodic solutions. Moreover, we establish the existence of infinitely many periodic solutions without any symmetric condition on the potential function V.     

Internal gravity–capillary solitary waves in finite depth

We consider a two‐dimensional inviscid irrotational flow in a two layer fluid under the effects of gravity and interfacial tension. The upper fluid is bounded above by a rigid lid, and the lower fluid is bounded below by a rigid bottom. We use a spatial dynamics approach and formulate the steady Euler equations as a Hamiltonian system, where we consider the unbounded horizontal coordinate x as a time‐like coordinate. The linearization of the Hamiltonian system is studied, and bifurcation curves in the (β,α)‐plane are obtained, where α and β are two parameters. The curves depend on two additional parameters ρ and h, where ρ is the ratio of the densities and h is the ratio of the fluid depths. However, the bifurcation diagram is found to be qualitatively the same as for surface waves. In particular, we find that a Hamiltonian‐Hopf bifurcation, Hamiltonian real 1:1 resonance, and a Hamiltonian 0²‐resonance occur for certain values of (β,α). Of particular interest are solitary wave solutions of the Euler equations. Such solutions correspond to homoclinic solutions of the Hamiltonian system. We investigate the parameter regimes where the Hamiltonian‐Hopf bifurcation and the Hamiltonian real 1:1 resonance occur. In both these cases, we perform a center manifold reduction of the Hamiltonian system and show that homoclinic solutions of the reduced system exist. In contrast to the case of surface waves, we find parameter values ρ and h for which the leading order nonlinear term in the reduced system vanishes. We make a detailed analysis of this phenomenon in the case of the real 1:1 resonance. We also briefly consider the Hamiltonian 0²‐resonance and recover the results found by Kirrmann. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Quasi-periodic solutions for beam equations with the nonlinear terms depending on the space variable

ABSTRACT

This article is devoted to the study of a beam equation with an x-dependent nonlinear term. We construct an analytic and symplectic transformation which changes the Hamiltonian to its Birkhoff normal form. However, the infinitely many coefficients of the Hamiltonian generating this transformation have small denominators. We prove that these denominators do not vanish for all indices and the transformation is canonical. Applying the normal form to a KAM theorem, it is proved that the equation admits quasi-periodic solutions with prescribed frequencies for any fixed potential constant.     

Homoclinic Solutions for a Forced Liénard Type System

In this paper, we find a special class of homoclinic solutions which tend to 0 as t → ±∞, for a Liénard type system with a time-dependent force. Since it is not a small perturbation of a Hamiltonian system, we cannot employ the well-known Melnikov method to determine the existence of homoclinic solutions. We use a sequence of periodically forced systems to approximate the considered system, and find their periodic solutions. We prove that the sequence of those periodic solutions has an accumulation which gives an homoclinic solution of the forced Liénard type system.     

Hamiltonian formulation of energy conservative variational equations by wavelet expansion

Hamiltonian formulation of various energy conservative evolution equations is given by means of wavelet expansion of solutions on the whole real axis R. The KdV equation, wave equations and Schrödinger equations are treated in a unified similar manner. A matrix representation of operators with respect to a nice wavelet base plays an important role in the formulation. Since the procedure is very concrete, our results can be used to efficiently compute numerical solutions of partial differential equations described in the text. In fact, we may also use symplectic schemes to solve derived Hamiltonian systems.     

Remarks on integrable systems

The problem of integrability conditions for systems of differential equations is discussed. Darboux’s classical results on the integrability of linear non-autonomous systems with an incomplete set of particular solutions are generalized. Special attention is paid to linear Hamiltonian systems. The paper discusses the general problem of integrability of the systems of autonomous differential equations in an n-dimensional space, which admit the algebra of symmetry fields of dimension ? n. Using a method due to Liouville, this problem is reduced to investigating the integrability conditions for Hamiltonian systems with Hamiltonians linear in the momenta in phase space of dimension that is twice as large. In conclusion, the integrability of an autonomous system in three-dimensional space with two independent non-trivial symmetry fields is proved. It should be emphasized that no additional conditions are imposed on these fields.     

The iteration formula of the Maslov-type index theory with applications to nonlinear Hamiltonian systems

In this paper, the iteration formula of the Maslov-type index theory for linear Hamiltonian systems with continuous, periodic, and symmetric coefficients is established. This formula yields a new method to determine the minimality of the period for solutions of nonlinear autonomous Hamiltonian systems via their Maslov-type indices. Applications of this formula give new results on the existence of periodic solutions with prescribed minimal period for such systems, and unify known results under various convexity conditions.

     

Perturbed S1-symmetric hamiltonian systems

By techniques of critical point theory, we show that multiple periodic weak solutions of a general class of Hamiltonian systems persist despite perturbation with an L² term destroying the S¹-symmetries.     

Infinitely many homoclinic solutions for some second order Hamiltonian systems

In this paper, we investigate the existence of infinitely many homoclinic solutions for a class of second order Hamiltonian systems. By using fountain theorem due to Zou, we obtain two new criteria for guaranteeing that second order Hamiltonian systems have infinitely many homoclinic solutions. Recent results in the literature are generalized and significantly improved.