激光二极管相对于铯饱和吸收D2线的无调制扰动三次谐波锁频

将频率调制加在声光调制器上 ,用三次谐波探测法获得了铯原子D2 线的三阶微分饱和光谱。采用这种激光器无调制扰动方案结合三次谐波锁频技术 ,实现了 85 2nm的分布布拉格反射器半导体激光器相对于 6S1/2 F =4- 6P3 /2 F′ =5超精细跃线的频率锁定。由锁定后的频率误差信号估算 ,10s内激光频率起伏小于± 35 0kHz ,相对频率稳定度约 1× 10 -9。这种无调制扰动方案可以消除一般的饱和吸收稳频方法中由于直接对激光器进行频率调制而带来的额外频率噪声 ;三次谐波锁频技术的应用 ,还可有效地降低铯原子饱和吸收谱中剩余多普勒背景的影响     

Resonant third harmonic generation of a short pulse laser in plasma by applying a wiggler magnetic field

We examine the effect of wiggler magnetic field on pulse slippage of short pulse laser-induced third harmonic generation in plasma. The process of third harmonic generation of an intense short pulse laser in plasma is resonantly enhanced by the application of a magnetic wiggler. The laser exerts a ponderomotive force at second harmonic driving density oscillations. The second harmonic oscillations coupled with electron velocity at the laser frequency, produces a non-linear current, driving the third harmonic. Third harmonic pulse generates in the fundamental pulse domain. However, the group velocity of the third harmonic wave is greater than the fundamental wave. Hence, the third harmonic pulse saturates strongly and moves forward from the fundamental pulse at shorter distance than the second harmonic pulse.     

Spectral phase distribution retrieval through coherent control of harmonic generation

The temporal intensity distribution of the third harmonic of a Ti:sapphire laser generated in Xe gas is fully reconstructed from its spectral phase and amplitude distributions. The spectral phases are retrieved by cross correlating the fundamental laser frequency field with that of the third harmonic, in a three laser versus one harmonic photon coupling scheme. The third harmonic spectral amplitude distribution is extracted from its field autocorrelation. The measured pulse duration is found to be in agreement with that expected from lowest order perturbation theory both for unstretched and chirped pulses.     

Optical generation of a precise microwave frequency comb by harmonic frequency locking

A semiconductor laser under negative optoelectronic feedback is applied to the generation of a microwave frequency comb through the nonlinear dynamics. The laser system is operated in a harmonic frequency-locked pulsing state, where its power spectrum is a microwave frequency comb that consists of multiples of a locking frequency. Every frequency component of the comb can be simultaneously stabilized by simply injecting an external microwave modulation at any component of the comb. This phenomenon can be viewed as a kind of microwave injection locking of the laser dynamics.     

飞秒掺钛蓝宝石激光三倍频理论和实验研究

从理论和实验上分别研究了飞秒掺钛蓝宝石激光二倍频和三倍频的非线性频率转换过程.采 用Ⅰ类相位匹配非共线和频方法得到飞秒掺钛蓝宝石激光的三倍频2601nm输出，转换效 率达64%, 脉冲宽度为169fs.这为时间分辨电子显微镜提供了一种超短脉冲的紫外光源. 关键词： 飞秒激光 三倍频 时间分辨 BBO晶体     

基频和三倍频Nd:YAG激光诱导熔石英损伤特性

 采用光电探测器和数字示波器检测散射光脉冲信号,研究了基频和三倍频Nd:YAG激光诱导熔石英损伤过程,给出了泵浦光和探针光的散射光光电信号;比较了基频和三倍频激光作用下熔石英烧蚀斑显微照片,并分析了其损伤机理。结果显示:在ns脉冲激光作用下,熔石英损伤均发生在泵浦激光脉冲峰值附近,且基频光作用下损伤开始时间点比三倍频作用下早;在多脉冲或高能量激光辐照下,检测到了等离子体闪光信号,等离子体闪光发生在时间延迟21 ns附近。基于Keldysh理论计算了基频光和三倍频光作用下,熔石英光致电离速率同激光强度的关系。     

原子饱和吸收谱谐波稳频短期稳定度研究

介绍了利用腔外饱和吸收谱的三次谐波和五次谐波稳频方法对半导体激光器进行稳频的原理,分析了使用这两种稳频方法对半导体激光器进行稳频时所得到的激光频率短期稳定度的理论估算方法,提出了通过选取最佳调制深度来优化短期稳定度的方法和原理,并在理论上比较了两种稳频方法得到的短期稳定度的差异。然后讨论了半导体激光稳频电路系统的设计,并利用该电路系统,分别用三次谐波和五次谐波稳频的方法将半导体激光器的频率锁定在的^87Rb饱和吸收的F=2→F′=3,1线上,并使用我们提出的短期稳定度优化方案进行稳定度优化,通过对误差信号的分析,估算出的频率稳定度达到10^-12的量级,使用采集到的误差信号在实验上比较了两种稳频方法所得的稳定度的,其结果和理论基本吻合。     

Frequency of the methane-stabilized He-Ne laser at 3.39 μm measured relative to the 10.17 μm R(32) transition of the CO2 laser

The frequency difference between the methane-stabilized 3.39 μm He-Ne laser and the third harmonic of the 10.17 μm R(32) transition of the CO₂ laser was measured by harmonic generation and mixing in a tungsten-nickel diode. The difference is 55 200 952 ± 16 kHz. This result corroborates the findings of other workers and is special interest in current discussions to redefine the international metre.     

Enhancement and modulation of terahertz radiation by multi-color laser pulses

We study theoretically intense terahertz radiation from multi-color laser pulse with uncommon frequency ratios. Comparing the two-color laser scheme, of which the uncommon frequency ratio should be set to be a specific value, we show that by using multi-color harmonic laser pulses as the first pump component, the lasers as the second pump component can be adjusted in a continuous frequency range. Moreover, these multi-color laser pulses can effectively modulate and enhance the terahertz radiation, and the terahertz yield increases with the increase of the wavelength of the uncommon pump component and is stable to the laser relative phase. Finally, we utilize the electron densities and velocities of ionization events to illustrate the physical mechanism of the intense terahertz generation.     

基于角色散的非共线匹配宽带三倍频技术

宽带光打靶可以有效降低激光等离子体相互作用过程中非线性效应。提出一种基于角色散的非共线匹配宽带三倍频方案,利用宽带基频与窄带二倍频的非共线和频产生宽带三倍频,和频过程中通过特殊设计的渐变光栅实现不同频率的基频光束以特定角度入射,补偿了波长差异引入的位相失配使得全波段满足位相匹配条件。理论模拟表明,采用KDP晶体Ⅱ类位相匹配,将中心波长为1058 nm、带宽10 nm的宽带基频光与526.5 nm的二倍频光进行非共线匹配和频,可以实现高效宽带三倍频转换。     

在BBO中产生217.3-2 21.4nm高功率和频输出

用Q-YAG激光的三次谐波(355nm)与调谐的Rh·6G染料激光在β-BaB2O4(BBO)晶体中和频,获得217.3～221.4nm连续调谐输出,和频输出的最大能量为250μJ,转换效率为11%.我们还讨论了获取最大和频输出能量的一些实验条件.     

Generation of tunable picosecond pulses in the ultraviolet region down to 197 nm

Tunable picosecond pulses in the ultraviolet region down to 197 nm with ? 20 kW peak power are generated by the sum frequency mixing of fourth or third harmonic pulses of a mode-locked YAG laser with tunable pulses produced by a LiNbO₃ parametric oscillator pumped by second harmonic pulses of the YAG laser by using a KB5 or KDP crystal.     

Two photon resonant third harmonic generation in calcium vapour

We have generated ultraviolet picosecond pulses by frequency tripling a mode locked dye laser in calcium vapour. Saturation of third harmonic generation is observed when the dye laser is turned to a two photon resonance. Peak powers of 100 kW, tunable around 200 nm are achieved at fundamental powers of 250 MW.     

晶体面形畸变对三倍频转换效率的影响

在惯性约束聚变(ICF)领域,为了满足物理实验需求,需要采用短波长的紫外激光打靶。目前,国内外高功率固体激光装置普遍采用谐波转换的方式来获得三倍频紫外激光。高效的频率转换必须满足相位匹配条件,而晶体的反射面形畸变过大对准直精度和倍频效率均匀性都会产生不利影响。通过实验验证了晶体准直光斑的质量退化主要来源于晶体因夹持和重力导致的反射面形畸变,证明了改进晶体的夹持方式可以有效改善晶体面形,提高准直精度和准直光斑质量,并显著提升三倍频转换效率。     

Cavity-Defect Plasma Bragg Gratings

Plasma Bragg grating （PBG） is composed of periodic variations of plasma and dielectric or vacuum. The defect mode characteristic of the PBG with a cavity-defect is studied by one-dimensional particle-in-cell （1D PIC） simulation. It is shown that the laser pulse with the defect frequency can be localized around the defect partly and at the same time leak out of both sides of the grating slowly because of the few number of the grating period. This results in local high laser field intensity and high plasma density produced at the defect area, from which the third harmonic is enhanced by one order of magnitude. With the enhancement of the light coupled to the defect and the decrease of the light leaking out of the defect, the conversion efficiency of the third harmonic from the incident laser can be increased.     

惯性约束聚变驱动器终端束匀滑器件前置时频率转换系统优化研究

在惯性约束聚变驱动器终端光学系统中,束匀滑器件前置有许多优点,但它同时也将对频率转换系统的工作状态产生影响.从系统集成优化的观点研究了这种影响,并基于高强度激光非线性传输理论,采用耦合波方程组及微扰理论,模拟计算了连续相位板前置时基频光束通过频率转换系统的三倍频转换效率及出射光束的近远场分布和焦斑形态,提出了优化倍频晶体失谐角和晶体厚度以减小CPP前置对系统性能的影响.模拟计算了频率转换系统优化前后的三倍频转换效率、光束通量对比度和能量集中度,并进行了对比分析.分析结果表明,频率转换系统的优化对减小CPP 关键词： 惯性约束聚变 频率转换系统 连续相位板 系统集成优化     

高效腔外频率变换紫外激光器

 为了得到高效的腔外频率变换355 nm紫外激光输出,提出了一种利用３块LBO作为非线性频率变换晶体的新方案。采用LD端面泵浦Nd：YAG声光Q开关激光器作为基波源,当入射泵浦功率为25 W、调制频率12 kHz时,获得了6.2 W的1 064 nm激光输出,经过非线性频率变换后,获得了2.7 W的紫外355 nm激光输出,光-光转换率43.4%。     

三色圆偏振激光组合脉冲驱动氦原子产生椭圆偏振的阿秒脉冲

我们提出利用频率为ω,3ω和强度较弱的2ω组成的三色圆偏振激光组合脉冲驱动氦原子能够得到椭偏率较大的阿秒脉冲链的一种方法.通过强场近似方法,计算了氦原子在两色和三色圆偏振激光组合脉冲驱动下发射高次谐波谱及其合成阿秒脉冲链,比较了氦原子(初态为s态)在这两种情况下发射高次谐波谱的特点及其合成阿秒脉冲链椭偏率的大小,结果发现,在反旋的两色ω,3ω激光脉冲基础上加入了频率为2ω的第三色激光脉冲联合作用到氦原子上,所得到的阿秒脉冲链的椭偏率相对于双圆场情况下有所增加,通过调整ω,3ω激光的强度比,并且选择适当的第三色激光的强度,对初态为s态的原子,仍能够得到具有较大椭偏率的阿秒脉冲链.     

Relative carrier-envelope phase dynamics between passively synchronized Ti:sapphire and Cr:forsterite lasers

We observed and measured the relative carrier-envelope phase difference per round trip between synchronized femtosecond Ti:sapphire and Cr:forsterite mode-locked lasers. The relative carrier-envelope phase slip was directly recorded by heterodyning of the Cr:forsterite laser with the supercontinuum from the Ti:sapphire laser. We also obtained another phase relation by superimposing the third harmonic of the Cr:forsterite laser with the second harmonic of the Ti:sapphire laser. In the latter case we obtained a stable beat signal with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than 30 dB and found a dependence of the beat frequency on the cavity length.     

Enhancement of third harmonic emission by interaction of two colored filament with droplet in air

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the third harmonic emission from femtosecond laser filament, center of which is blocked by a droplet. It is shown that sudden stop of fundamental laser filament induced by the droplet leads to the enhancement of third harmonic emission. The diffraction on droplet leads to the increase of third harmonic energy in background reservoir which can be survived after the dissipation of filament.