应用突变理论分析Euler压杆的稳定性

建立了Euler压杆问题的能量表达式。对此模型，应用突变理论进行稳定分析，得出了系统全部的分叉集与突变流形。突变流形为一族层层嵌套、互不交叉的抛物线。分析的结论要比有限差分法、有限单元法、大范围非线形分析等数值计算的结果简洁、明了，有助于压杆后屈曲问题的研究。     

考虑轴向均布载荷时压杆的稳定性计算

为了求得压杆同时承受轴向均布载荷和集中载荷时,临界载荷的计算公式,首先对仅承受轴向均布载荷的压杆,用初参数法,导出了临界载荷特征方程,由软件分析特征方程发现, "固支——定向"、"固支——自由"、"铰支——定向"支承的压杆,轴向均布载荷对其稳定性有明显影响,并求得了临界载荷的近似解;其次采用载荷换算与叠加的方法,求得了压杆同时承受轴向均布载荷和集中载荷时,临界载荷计算的经验公式;最后就"固支——自由"支承的压杆,与其他一些研究结果进行了比较,本文结果与"平均结果"较吻合.     

轴向受压螺旋杆的平衡稳定性

在Kirchhoff动力学比拟基础上讨论端部受轴向压力作用的圆截面弹性细杆的螺旋线平衡稳定性问题.弹性杆的平衡状态由Euler角描述的弹性杆平衡方程的特解确定.从Lyapunov或Euler的不同稳定性概念出发,对弹性杆的平衡稳定性的判断可得出不同的结果.根据一次近似扰动方程判断,弹性杆的螺旋线状态和圆环状态恒满足Lyapunov稳定性条件.但螺旋杆在轴向压力到达临界值时,圆环杆在扭转数到达临界值时将产生屈曲而丧失Euler稳定性.导出临界载荷和临界扭转数的计算公式.螺旋杆的临界载荷取决于螺旋线的高度和螺旋角.螺旋角趋近于π/2时螺旋杆转化为带扭率的直杆,其临界载荷的极限值与压杆的Euler载荷一致.文中对两类不同稳定性概念的区别和联系作出解释.     

轴向受压螺旋杆的动态稳定性与振动

基于Kirchhoff理论讨论端部受轴向压力作用的圆截面弹性螺旋杆的动态稳定性问题。以杆中心线的Frenet坐标系为参考系,建立用欧拉角描述的弹性杆动力学方程。杆的螺旋线平衡状态由方程的特解确定。基于静力学分析的结论,在动力学范畴内继续讨论轴向受压螺旋杆平衡状态的稳定性。在一次近似意义下证明了螺旋杆在空间域内的欧拉稳定性条件为时域内的Lyapunov稳定性条件。从而进一步认识Lyapunov和欧拉两种不同稳定性概念之间的相互关系。导出轴向受压螺旋杆弯扭耦合振动固有频率的近似解析表达式。     

变截面压杆稳定性计算的等效刚度法

变截面压杆稳定性计算的等效刚度法吴亚平（兰州铁道学院兰州７３００７０）１．引言在桥梁及建筑结构设计中，常会遇到变截面压杆稳定性计算的问题，由于其控制微分方程求解非常困难，人们往往求助于近似方法。但近似方法（如能量法）在求解一些复杂问题时又显得较为繁琐...     

中小柔度钢压杆稳定性设计的通用公式

中小柔度钢压杆稳定性设计的通用公式赵显慧,赵加祯（山西省吕梁煤炭工业学校,汾阳０３２２００）文［１］提出了考虑稳定性的压杆截面直接设计方法,但对型钢压杆设计计算失效．本文提出的通用公式则较完美地解决了这类问题,和文［２］提出的大柔度钢压杆稳定性设计通...     

关于相平面法讨论压杆稳定性问题的答复

《力学与实践》2005年第2期发表的陈占清等“从非线性动力学视角认识细长压杆的稳定性”一文,中对笔者发表于2002年第4期的“压杆失稳与Liapunov稳定性”一文中用相平面法讨论压杆稳定性提出异议,对此作以下答复：     

轴线存在应变时弹性杆力学的两个概念

讨论Kirchhoff弹性杆力学向精确Cosserat弹性杆推广中的两个概念: 轴线切向量对截面法向量是怎样偏离以及本构方程中应变矢和弯扭度的基准问题. 从单元体的剪应变出发, 导出了截面法矢、轴线切矢以及剪应变矢三者关系, 即Cosserat弹性杆的变形几何关系;从Hook定律出发, 论证了在一次近似下本构方程中的截面弯扭度和形心应变矢都以原始弧坐标为基准.     

Complete solution of the stability problem for elastica of Euler's column

The stability of postcritical equilibrium forms of a simply supported column loaded with an axial force is analyzed. Investigating the sign of the second variation of the column's total energy, we obtain the Sturm-Liouville boundary-value problem, which is solved numerically. The stability conditions are formulated in terms of eigenvalues of the problem. The complete solution to the column plane elastica is given. The ranges of the compressive force corresponding to stable equilibrium configurations of the column are established.     

Adhesion model of side contact for an extensible elastic fiber

For accurately predicted adhesion laws of fibrillar structures contribute to the rational design of high-performance biomimetic adhesives, an adhesion model is proposed to study the directional adhesion behavior of an extensible elastic fiber that contacts a rigid smooth surface with its side surface under the coupling effect of normal and shear forces, based on the extensible Euler Bernoulli beam theory and the surface energy concept. The deformed configuration of the fiber is obtained analytically, and on the basis of this result, the detachment mode and the normal pull-off force of the fiber for a given shear force are predicted directly. It is also found that, due to the extensibility of the fiber, there exists a maximum normal pull-off force (MNPF) when an optimal shear force is applied. The MNPF will be enhanced by increasing the axial stiffness, and reduced by increasing the bending stiffness. In addition, generating an optimal pre-tension in the adhered part of the fiber will maximize the MNPF. The derived adhesion law is expected to contribute to the optimal design and applications of single-level fibrillar adhesives.     

Puncturing a thin elastic sheet

We use membrane theory to analyze the puncturing of a thin solid circular isotropic elastic sheet by a rigid axisymmetric indenter. A solution is obtained in which a hole is formed at the center of the sheet with an interior annulus in frictionless contact with the cylindrical surface. The contacting part is in a state of pure hoop stress with the corresponding hoop stretch exhibiting a strong singularity at the origin. Conditions are given ensuring that the solution has finite total energy and it is shown to be energetically favored over unpunctured states for transverse indenter displacements exceeding a finite critical value.     

Buckling of an elastic column containing a fatigue crack

Results of an experimental program conducted in order to study the residual buckling strength of an elastic column containing a fatigue crack are presented in this paper. Tests were performed on bars of rectangular cross section, made from 2024-T351 aluminum-alloy plate and containing a fatigue crack at the midsection. Results obtained show a reduction in buckling strength of 8 percent under highed-highed end conditions, in apparent tentative accord with data obtained from columns containing machined notches. Although it is small, the reduction in buckling strength is thought to be significant for design and requires further investigation.