异丙甲草胺立体异构体在高效液相色谱手性固定相上的分离

在Pirkle“刷型”(S,S)-Whelk—O1手性柱和涂敷型纤维素三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)(CDMPC)手性柱上,对异丙甲草胺立体异构体进行了分离。在(S,S)-Whelk-O1手性柱上考察了不同体积比的正己烷．异丙醇流动相对分离的影响,发现当异丙醇含量降低时有利于异构体的分离;在CDMPC手性柱上考察了正己烷中醇类改性剂的种类和浓度对分离的影响,发现醇含量降低时和采用大体积的醇时有利于异构体的分离。异丙甲草胺的对映异构体之间在(S,S)-Whelk-O1手性柱上获得了分离,在CDMPC手性柱上分离出了异丙甲草胺4个异构体中的3个。同时测定了富S-异丙甲草胺异构体中S-异构体的过量值(EE),本方法可用于富S-异丙甲草胺的定量。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法鉴定与分析乙醛诱导脱氧核糖核苷酸加合物

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对两种非对映异构体（6S,8S）1,N²-丙基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（ProdG）和（6R,8R）ProdG加合物进行鉴定与分析。通过色谱保留时间及质谱碎裂方式分析,证明乙醛与2'-脱氧鸟苷（dG）反应可形成ProdG加合物。体外实验表明,乙醛能够诱导脱氧核糖核苷酸（DNA）形成ProdG加合物,并且（6R,8R）ProdG的生成量大于（6S,8S）ProdG的生成量。细胞实验结果显示,乙醛暴露能显著提高人肺胚成纤维细胞（MRC5）基因组DNA中ProdG加合物的水平,且ProdG加合物的水平与乙醛的暴露浓度呈正相关。此外,100 μ mol/L的乙醛暴露使（6R,8R）ProdG的含量从（6.4±0.3） 个/10⁸个碱基增加到（127.2±2.7） 个/10⁸个碱基,上调程度大于（6S,8S）ProdG（从（6.5±0.3） 个/10⁸个碱基增加到（115.3±2.5） 个/10⁸个碱基）。该工作为乙醛暴露所引起的DNA加合物水平上升提供了实验依据。     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用法检测猪肉中5种青霉素的残留量

建立了高效液相色谱与质谱联用法测定猪肉中5种青霉素类药物残留的方法.样品采用体积分数0.5%的乙酸提取,匀浆离心分离后通过XAD-2固相萃取柱净化,甲醇洗脱后,用质谱检测器检测.采用Agilent HC-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5 μm),以体积分数0.1%NH3·H2O和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱.在添加水平为0.1、0.2、0.5 mg/kg时,回收率在52%～82.8%之间,相对标准偏差在3.4%～9.2%之间,对于不同的药物,方法的检出限为0.001～0.005 mg/kg.该方法适合于猪肉组织中青霉素类药物残留量的检测.     

四苯基苯基五苯基苯基二乙氧基硅烷的分离制备和鉴定

杜作栋等先后合成了四苯基苯基有机硅化合物和五苯基苯基有机硅化合物,并用溶剂沉淀法和重结晶法纯化产物后进行结构分析,在此基础上陈剑华等又合成了双多苯基苯基有机硅化合物,此类化合物具有更好的耐高温性能,可制成耐高温树脂、耐高温橡胶、耐高温粘合剂和耐高温涂料。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定血液中115种农药

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)一针进样同时测定血液中115种农药的方法。血液样品与提取剂甲醇按1∶5体积比进行蛋白沉淀,涡旋振荡2 min,以12 000 r/min离心10 min,取上清液进行UPLC-MS/MS分析。质谱分析采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),正离子模式和负离子模式同时切换采集。结果表明,115种目标农药在1～200 ng/mL质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(r>0.99),13%的目标农药检出限(S/N≥3)为0.2 ng/mL,其余目标物均为0.1 ng/mL,所有目标农药的定量下限(S/N≥10)均为1 ng/mL。在10、50、100 ng/mL加标水平下,方法的基质效应为81.8%～115%,目标农药的回收率为80.4%～109%,日内精密度(Intra-RSD)为1.6%～11%,日间精密度(Inter-RSD)为1.9%～13%。该方法简便快速、灵敏度高、稳定性好,适用于血液样品中多农药的定性定量分析。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定枸杞中9种红色合成色素

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)联用同时测定枸杞中酸性红1、酸性红9、诱惑红等9种红色合成色素的分析方法。样品经乙腈-甲醇(5∶5,V/V)提取,用Oasis WAX固相萃取柱净化,目标化合物以Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18柱(100×3.0mm,1.8μm)分离,采用乙腈-10mmol/L乙酸铵为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾负离子源(ESI-)、多重反应监测模式(MRM)检测,基质匹配外标法进行定量。9种红色合成色素在各自线性范围内相关系数(r2)均大于0.992;方法的定量限以信噪比(S/N)≥10计为0.01~3.00mg/kg,3个加标水平(1、2、10倍定量限)下,回收率为82.1%~99.8%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为4.6%~16.1%。该方法准确度好、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于枸杞中红色合成色素的测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定化妆品中的两种补骨脂素

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）测定化妆品中 8-甲氧基补骨脂素和 5-甲氧基补骨脂素含量的方法。以甲醇提取样品,以甲醇和水为流动相,经HPLC分离后以多级反应监测(MRM)测定。两种补骨脂素在2.0~100.0 μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限均为0.10 mg/kg,回收率分别在96.88%~101.81%和94.25%~101.26%之间,相对标准偏差分别在0.40%~6.02%和0.76%~4.26%之间。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定畜禽毛发中4种违禁氟喹诺酮类兽药

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测技术,通过优化在畜禽毛发中药物的提取、水解、净化等前处理过程,建立了一种测定畜禽毛发中4种违禁氟喹诺酮类药物含量的分析方法。毛发样品经1%十二烷基硫酸钠溶液清洗,乙腈-1%HAc溶液提取,PSA/C18净化管净化,通过C_(18)色谱柱分离,电喷雾串联质谱多反应监测模式测定。结果表明,培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、洛美沙星在0.2～20μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.993,方法回收率在87.09%～114.95%范围内,相对标准偏差为0.13%～4.92%。培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、洛美沙星的检出限分别为0.08、0.05、0.05、0.08μg/kg,定量限分别为0.2、0.1、0.1、0.2μg/kg。该方法样品前处理简单、耗时短、选择性强、灵敏度高,适用于畜禽毛发中上述4种违禁氟喹诺酮类药物的定性定量分析。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定虾饲料中7种真菌毒素

建立了虾饲料中黄曲霉毒素B_1(AFB_1)、黄曲霉毒素M_1(AFM_1)、T-2毒素(T-2)、HT-2毒素(HT-2)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)同时检测方法。样品中加入15 mL乙腈-水(体积比4∶1)和10 mL乙腈饱和正己烷,涡旋混匀,超声提取,MycoSpin~(TM)400多毒素净化柱净化后上机测定。采用Hypersil Gold (150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)色谱柱进行分离,以甲醇-水(含0.03%氨水)为流动相梯度洗脱,在电喷雾电离模式下正、负离子同时扫描检测,基质匹配外标法定量。在优化条件下,7种真菌毒素的线性相关系数(r~2)均大于0.991,检出限为1.83～12.63μg/kg。在高、中、低3个加标水平下,各目标毒素的回收率为87.5%～116%,相对标准偏差为2.4%～18%。该法可为水产饲料中多种真菌毒素的同时检测提供参考。     

采用新型固相萃取柱快速测定食用植物油中苯并［a］芘

研究了Bond Elut ENV新型固相萃取柱在食用植物油中苯并[a]芘快速检测中的应用,建立了快速测定食用植物油样品中苯并[a]芘残留量的固相萃取/液相色谱/荧光检测法。样品用正己烷溶解,固相萃取净化,SUPELCOSILTMLC-PAH(25 cm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离,以乙腈-水(95∶5)为流动相,荧光检测(λex=297 nm,λem=408 nm),外标法定量。苯并[a]芘的检出限为0.3μg/kg,在1.0～50.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 6,方法的回收率为79%～102%,相对标准偏差不高于9.4%。该方法准确、实用、简便、快速,在食用植物油的苯并[a]芘残留量检测方面有广泛的应用前景。     

Application of Phenyl Bonded Mesoporous Silica as A Novel Coating Layer of Solid-phase Microextraction for Determination of Benzo [a] pyrene in Water Samples

Phenyl bonded mesoporous silica (C6H5-MCM-41) was applied as the fiber coating of solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The performance of the fiber coating was discussed coupling to HPLC. Applicability of mesoporous fiber coating was examined for the determination of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in water samples. The limit of detection (LOD) is0.281μg.L^-1. Good recovery and relative standard deviation (RSD) were obtained.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-DNA adducts by capillary zone electrophoresis- electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry in conjunction with sample stacking

Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) was reacted in vitro with (2'-deoxy)nucleotides and with calf thymus DNA. The modified DNA was enzymatically hydrolyzed to the 5'-monophosphate nucleotides using deoxyribonuclease I (DNA-ase I), nuclease P1 and snake venom phosphodiesterase (SVP). Most of the unmodified nucleotides were removed using solid phase extraction (SPE) in a polystyrene divinylbenzene copolymer. Three adducts could be detected and identified using capillary zone electrophoresis(negative)-ion electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (CZE-(-)-ESI-MS) in conjunction with sample stacking. This way, not only a BPDE-dGMP adduct [(M-H)(-) at m/z 648], a well-known nucleotide adduct, could be retrieved, but also a BPDE-dAMP [(M-H)(-) at m/z 632] and a BPDE-dCMP adduct [(M-H)(-) at m/z 608] could be detected for the first time. The presence of the prominent ion at m/z 195 (the deoxyribose-phosphate ion) in the three low-energy collision-activated decomposition (CAD) spectra indicated that the adducts were formed through base-alkylation. CZE-positive ion ESI-MS/MS experiments were performed to obtain further information on base-alkylation. The absence of the loss of NH(3) from the nucleobase in each CAD spectrum points to an alkylated exocyclic NH(2) position of the nucleobase. So, the three adducts could be identified as BPDE-N(2)-dGMP, BPDE-N(6)-dAMP and BPDE-N(4)-dCMP using CZE-ESI-MS and CZE-ESI-MS/MS.     

高效液相色谱荧光检测法快速测定天然生育酚中痕量苯并[a]芘

建立了一种快速、新颖的高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定天然生育酚中痕量苯并[a]芘.天然生育酚样品经中性氧化铝柱色谱富集和净化后在 XDB-C,18反相柱上,采用水-乙腈(体积比20比80)为流动相进行分离,采用荧光检测器进行检测,其激发波长为 260 nm,发射波长为 408 nm.苯并[a]芘的定量下限为 0.50 ng·g-1.加标回收率大于 77.9%.分析了 3 个不同试样,测定结果的相对标准偏差在 3.0%～10.6%之间.     

Quantitative analysis of 3‐OHB[a]P and (+)‐anti‐BPDE as biomarkers of B[a]P exposure in rats

The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for the determination the levels of metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), 3‐hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (3‐OHB[a]P) and (+)‐anti‐benzo(a)pyrene diol‐epoxide [(+)‐anti‐BPDE, combined with DNA to form adducts], in rat blood and tissues exposed to B[a]P exposure by high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FD), and to investigate the usefulness of 3‐OHB[a]P and (+)‐anti‐BPDE as markers of intragastrical exposure to B[a]P in rats. The levels of 3‐OH‐B[a]P and B[a]P‐tetrol I‐1 released after acid hydrolysis of (+)‐anti‐BPDE in the samples were measured by HPLC/FD. The calibration curves were linear (r² > 0.9904), and the lower limit of quantification ranged from 0.34 to 0.45 ng/mL for 3‐OHB[a]P and from 0.43 to 0.58 ng/mL for (+)‐anti‐BPDE. The intra‐ and inter‐day stability assay data suggested that the method is accurate and precise. The recoveries of 3‐OHB[a]P and (+)‐anti‐BPDE were in the ranges of 73.6 ± 5.0 to 116.5 ± 6.3% and 73.3 ± 8.5 to 141.2 ± 13.8%, respectively. A positive correlation was found between the concentration of intragastrical B[a]P and the concentrations of 3‐OH‐B[a]P and (+)‐anti‐BPDE in the blood and in most of the tissues studied, except for the brain and kidney, which showed no correlation between B[a]P and 3‐OHB[a]P and between B[a]P and (+)‐anti‐BPDE, respectively. A sensitive, reliable and rapid HPLC/FD was developed and validated for analysis of 3‐OHB[a]P and (+)‐anti‐BPDE in rat blood and tissues. There was a positive correlation between the concentration of 3‐OHB[a]P or (+)‐anti‐BPDE in the blood and the concentration of 3‐OHB[a]P or (+)‐anti‐BPDE in the most other tissues examined. The concentration of 3‐OHB[a]P or (+)‐anti‐BPDE in the blood could be used as an indicator of the concentration of 3‐OHB[a]P or (+)‐anti‐BPDE in the other tissues in response to B[a]P exposure. These results demonstrate that 3‐OHB[a]P and (+)‐anti‐BPDE are potential biomarkers of B[a]P exposure, which would also be useful to assess the carcinogenic risks from B[a]P exposure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高效液相色谱法测定烤肉中的苯并(a)芘

建立了测定烤肉中苯并(α)芘含量的高效液相色谱法。采用CNW~Athena C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇–水(90∶10),流量为1.0 m L/min,柱温为35℃,进样体积为10μL,荧光检测器激发波长为365 nm,发射波长为410 nm,以色谱峰面积标准曲线法定量。苯并(α)芘的质量浓度在0~0.2μg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 5,检出限为0.07μg/kg,加标回收率为91.3%~92.6%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.21%~1.40%(n=5)。该法样品预处理简便,检测时间短,灵敏度高,适用于烤肉中苯并(α)芘的含量测定。     

基质固相分散-高效液相色谱法测定植物油中的痕量苯并［a］芘

苯并[a]芘是一种强致癌物质，它是有机化合物在高温条件下发生聚合反应产生的，主要在垃圾焚烧、高温炼油等过程中产生。其一旦产生就很难分解，因此危害较大。无公害食品植物油的理化指标中规定苯并[a]芘的含量要低于10μg/kg。本文采用基质固相分散萃取技术处理植物油样品，减少了有机溶剂的用量，缩短了分析时间，提高了分析效率。处理后的样品经高效液相色谱法（HPLC）的快速测定，所得结果完全能满足食品检验的需要。     

超高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离-三重四极杆质谱联用法快速测定食品中苯并[a]芘

建立了快速检测食品中苯并[a]芘的超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品用正己烷提取后,经分子印迹固相萃取柱净化,以甲醇和水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在XBridge BEH C18柱上实现分离,大气压化学电离(APCI)-三重四极杆质谱正离子MRM方式检测,以苯并[a]芘-d12作为内标的稳定同位素稀释法定量。方法的线性范围为0.07~50μg/kg,定量限为0.07μg/kg。平均加标回收率为86%~104%,相对标准偏差为2.3%~14%。该方法灵敏、准确,适用于食品中苯并[a]芘的测定,已应用于实际样品的检查。     

The solid-matrix phosphorescence of (±)-anti-dibenzo[a,l]pyrene diol epoxide-DNA adducts and benzo[e]pyrene

New solid-matrix phosphorescence (SMP) methods for (±)-anti-DB[a,l]PDE-DNA adducts and B[e]P were developed. The methods can be used to detect and characterize (±)-anti-DB[a,l]PDE-DNA adducts and B[e]P by employing SMP spectra, intensities, and lifetimes acquired with the heavy-atom salt, TlNO₃, on Whatman 1PS paper. With the SMP data, a number of photophysical parameters were calculated such as biexponential SMP decay curves, pre-exponential factors, and fractional contribution to SMP decay curves. The SMP results were compared with earlier SMP data for (±)-anti-BPDE-DNA adducts and tetrol I-1. The SMP results show that small molecular-weight compounds like B[e]P can be readily detected and characterized by SMP. For example, the limit of detection for B[e]P was 0.60 pmol. Comparison of the SMP properties of the (±)-anti-DB[a,l]PDE-DNA adducts with earlier SMP data for the (±)-anti-BPDE-DNA adducts showed major differences in the SMP spectra, intensities, and lifetimes. The methods developed are important for the comparison of the SMP properties of different diol epoxides of PAH bonded to DNA.