Small cancellation theory with a weakened small cancellation hypothesis. II. The word problem

In [1] we introduced the small concellation condition W(4) and developed the basic theory for groups having a W(4) presentation. In this paper we solve the word problem for groups with a finite W(4) presentation. Incumbent of the Lilian and George Lyttle Career Development Chair in Perpetuity, Established by Mrs. Helen Kimmelman, New York. The first version of this work was written while I visited the I.H.E.S., Paris. I am grateful to Professor N. H. Kuiper for making this stay possible for me, and to the Institute for its generous hospitality.     

Small cancellation theory with a weakened small cancellation hypothesis. I. The basic theory

We introduce a new small cancellation condition, the condition W(4), which weakens the condition C(4) & T(4), and develop the corresponding small cancellation theory. In this paper we develop the basic theory and prove a version of Greendlinger’s Lemma. In the forthcoming papers with the same title we prove the word problem and the conjugacy problem for groups having a presentation which satisfies the condition W(4).     

Genus and cancellation

In [14] we established a relationship between genus and localization of finitely generated torsion-free abelian by finite groups aud grnus and localization integral representation theory. In this paper we strrcly the consequences of this relationship. We prove results about the genus of groups which are analogues to results in integral representaion theory. In particular we prove non-cancellation phenomena for finitely generated groups with finite commutator subgroups.     

Small cancellation groups and translation numbers

In this paper we prove that C(4)-T(4)-P, C(3)-T(6)-P and C(6)-P small cancellation groups are translation discrete in the strongest possible sense and that in these groups for any and any there is an algorithm deciding whether or not the equation has a solution. There is also an algorithm for calculating for each the maximum such that is an -th power of some element. We also note that these groups cannot contain isomorphic copies of the group of -adic fractions and so in particular of the group of rational numbers. Besides we show that for and groups all translation numbers are rational and have bounded denominators.

     

ON THE WEIGHTED VARIABLE EXPONENT AMALGAM SPACE W（L^p（x）, Lm^q）

In [4], a new family W（L^p（x）, Lm^q） of Wiener amalgam spaces was defined and investigated some properties of these spaces, where local component is a variable exponent Lebesgue space L^p（x） （R） and the global component is a weighted Lebesgue space Lm^q （R）. This present paper is a sequel to our work [4]. In Section 2, we discuss necessary and sufficient conditions for the equality W （L^p（x）, Lm^q） = L^q （R）. Later we give some characterization of Wiener amalgam space W （L^p（x）, Lm^q）.In Section 3 we define the Wiener amalgam space W （FL^p（x）, Lm^q） and investigate some properties of this space, where FL^p（x） is the image of L^p（x） under the Fourier transform. In Section 4, we discuss boundedness of the Hardy- Littlewood maximal operator between some Wiener amalgam spaces.     

Modular Invariance and Anomaly Cancellation Formulas in Odd Dimension Ⅱ

By studying modular invariance properties of some characteristic forms, we get some generalized anomaly cancellation formulas on(4 r-1)-dimensional manifolds with no assumption that the 3rd de-Rham cohomology of manifolds vanishes. These anomaly cancellation formulas generalize our previous anomaly cancellation formulas on(4 r-1)-dimensional manifolds. We also generalize our previous anomaly cancellation formulas on(4 r-1)-dimensional manifolds and the Han–Yu rigidity theorem to the(a, b) case.     

Cubulating small cancellation groups

We study the B(6) and B(4)-T(4) small cancellation groups. These classes include the usual C(1/6) and C(1/4)-T(4) metric small cancellation groups. We show that every finitely presented B(4)-T(4) or word-hyperbolic B(6) group acts properly discontinuously and cocompactly on a CAT(0) cube complex. We show that finitely generated infinite B(6) and B(4)-T(4) groups have codimension 1 subgroups and thus do not have property (T). We show that a finitely presented B(6) group is wordhyperbolic if and only if it contains no subgroup.     

Free subgroups of small cancellation groups

In this paper we give a simple proof of Collin’s theorem concerning free subgroups ofC(4),T(4) groups. Our proof actually shows that a slenderT(4) presentation 〈x ₁,x ₂, …,x _n ;r〉 has a free subgroup of rank 2 provided there is a subset {a, b, c} of {x ₁,x ₂, …,x _n } with the property that any non-empty freely reduced word ina, b, c equal to 1 inG has a subword of length 2 contained in an element ofr*.     

On theT(q)-conditions of small cancellation theory

In this paper we give a graphical method which can be used to determine whether or not a group presentation satisfies the small cancellation conditionT(q). We use this method to determine all 2- and 3-generator presentations satisfyingT(4).     

Generalized small cancellation theory and applications I. The word problem

In this paper we develop a generalization of the small cancellation theory. The usual small cancellation hypotheses are replaced by some condition that, roughly speaking, says that if a common part of two relations is a big piece of one relation then it must be a very small piece of another. In particular, we show that a finitely presented generalized small cancellation group has a solvable word problem. The machinery developed in the paper is to be used in the following papers of this series for constructing some group-theoretic examples.     

求加权广义逆的矩阵方法

本文给出了应用矩阵方法求矩阵Ａ的加权广义逆Ａ＾［１，２，Ｗ３］，Ａ＾［１，２，ｗ３］和Ａ＾［１，２］［ｗ，ｗ］的充要条件。     

关于Lins,A.,W.de Melo和Pugh C.C.的猜想(Ⅱ)

在本文中，我们证明了在F(x)＝－F（x）条件下，Lins,A.,W.de Melo和Pugh C．C．的猜想是成立的。     

Wavelets with patchwise cancellation properties

We construct wavelets on general -dimensional domains or manifolds via a domain decomposition technique, resulting in so-called composite wavelets. With this construction, wavelets with supports that extend to more than one patch are only continuous over the patch interfaces. Normally, this limited smoothness restricts the possibility for matrix compression, and with that the application of these wavelets in (adaptive) methods for solving operator equations. By modifying the scaling functions on the interval, and with that on the -cube that serves as parameter domain, we obtain composite wavelets that have patchwise cancellation properties of any required order, meaning that the restriction of any wavelet to each patch is again a wavelet. This is also true when the wavelets are required to satisfy zeroth order homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions on (part of) the boundary. As a result, compression estimates now depend only on the patchwise smoothness of the wavelets that one may choose. Also taking stability into account, our composite wavelets have all the properties for the application to the (adaptive) solution of well-posed operator equations of orders for .

     

On the cancellation problem for surfaces

In this Note we prove a conjecture formulated by Danielewski. As a consequence we obtain an infinite dimensional family of non-isomorphic surfaces X_λ with the property that all X_λ × ℂ are isomorphic.     

A survey on Zariski cancellation problem

In this survey article we describe known results and open questions on the Zariski cancellation problem, highlighting recent developments on the problem. We also discuss its close relationship with some of the other central problems on polynomial rings.     

The stable equivalence and cancellation problems

Let K be an arbitrary fieldof characteristic 0, and $\mathbf{A}^n$ then-dimensional affine spaceover K.A well-known cancellation problem asks, given twoalgebraic varieties $V_1, V_2 \subseteq \mathbf{A}^n$ with isomorphiccylinders $V_1 \times \mathbf{A}^1$ and $V_2 \times \mathbf{A}^1$, whether$V_1$ and $V_2$ themselves are isomorphic.In this paper, we focus on a related problem: given twovarieties with equivalent (under an automorphism of $\mathbf{A}^{n+1}$)cylinders $V_1 \times \mathbf{A}^1$ and $V_2 \times \mathbf{A}^1$, are$V_1$ and $V_2$ equivalent under an automorphism of $\mathbf{A}^n$?We call this stable equivalence problem.We show that the answer is positivefor any two curves $V_1, V_2 \subseteq \mathbf{A}^2$.For an arbitrary $n \ge 2$, we consider a special, arguably themost important, case of both problems, where one of the varieties isa hyperplane. We show that a positive solution of the stableequivalence problem in this case implies a positive solution ofthe cancellation problem.     

Cartan型模李超代数W的二阶上同调群H2(W,F)

本文研究了有限维广义Witt李超代数W的二阶上同调群H2(W,F),其中F是一个特征P＞2的代数封闭域.通过计算W到W*的导子,得到H2(W,F)是平凡的.应用此结果,我们可得W的中心扩张是平凡的.     

Partial cancellation of modules

We investigate partial cancellation of modules and show that if an ideal I of an exchange ring R has stable range one, then A⊕B≌A⊕C implies B≌C for all A∈FP (I). The converse is true when R is a regular ring. For an ideal I of a regular ring, we also show that I has stable range one if and only if perspectivity is transitive in L(A) for all A∈ FP (I). These give nontrivial generalizations for unit-regularity. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.