利用密度泛函理论研究α-联噻吩体系H(C_4H_2S)_nH的结构和电子光谱

应用密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/6-31G(d)和CAM-B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上优化了α-联噻吩体系H(C4H2S)n H(n=2¹3)的基态几何构型;与此同时,利用TD-B3LYP方法计算了H(C4H2S)n H的吸收光谱,得到了其垂直激发能和体系大小n的解析表达式;并采用TD-CAM-B3LYP方法研究了其发射光谱.研究表明,H(C4H2S)n H的基态结构呈现三种构型:螺旋上升型、环型和稍有弯曲的带状结构;其中前两种构型是顺式结构,最后一种构型是反式结构;环型结构具有C2对称性,其他两种结构具有C1对称性.此外,其吸收光谱和发射光谱计算值与实验值吻合.     

苯-噻吩低聚物电子结构及载流子传输性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP/6-31G(d)方法对以低聚噻吩为端基、 苯并二噻吩(TPT)和并三噻吩(TTT)为共轭桥、 炔键为连接臂的20个模型化合物进行了计算研究. 在优化中性与离子态几何构型基础上, 获得了前线轨道能级、 电离能(IPs)、 电子亲和势(EAs)、 空穴/电子重组能(λ_h/λ_e)、 载流子迁移率(μ_h/μ_e)及吸收光谱等信息. 结果表明, 炔键的引入及端基低聚噻吩的增加对LUMO能级的调控作用较为显著, 而共轭桥的类型对HOMO能级影响较大; 合理选择端基、 共轭桥和连接臂等结构单元可对该类材料吸光波段及强度进行有效调节. 一维电荷传输模型结果表明, 所设计的化合物均是潜在的双极性有机半导体材料, 其中2,7-二([2,2':5',2'-三噻吩]-5-基)苯并[1,2-b:6,5-b']二噻吩(A3)和2,7-二(二噻吩并噻吩-2-基乙炔基)苯并[1,2-b:6,5-b']二噻吩(a-3)具有较高的电子迁移率, 值得进一步的实验探索研究.     

6α和6β-羟基雄酮的电子光谱和核磁共振谱的理论研究

在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平下,优化6α和6β-羟基雄酮的几何构型.用TD-B3LYP/6-31G(d)方法,计算它们的电子吸收光谱;采用规范不变原子轨道GIAO法,计算它们的1H-NMR和13C-NMR化学位移值.结果表明,6β-羟基雄酮比6α-羟基雄酮稳定;6α-羟基雄酮的最长吸收波长比6β-羟基雄酮的要长;6α和6β-羟基雄酮的部分原子的NMR值具有明显差别.     

端基对二噻吩和苯并噻吩类共轭桥化合物电子结构及载流子传输性能的影响

采用密度泛函理论(DFT, TDDFT) B3LYP/6-31G(d)和PBE0/6-31G(d)方法对苯乙烯/乙炔为端基, 二噻吩(2T)、苯并二噻吩(TPT)和二苯并噻吩(PTP)为共轭桥的12个化合物进行了系统地计算研究. 在分别优化中性态与离子态几何构型的基础上, 获得了前线轨道能级、电离能(IPs)、电子亲合能(EAs)、重组能(λ_h/λ_e)和电子吸收光谱等信息. 结果表明, 苯乙炔基取代苯乙烯基对LUMO能级影响很小, 但HOMO能级明显降低, 能级差?E和激发能E_v增大, 吸收光谱蓝移10～30 nm, 多数苯乙炔基化合物的重组能均有所降低|端基相同共轭桥分别为2T, TPT和PTP时, HOMO能级逐渐降低, LUMO能级逐渐升高, ?E和E_v依次增大, 吸收光谱依次蓝移30～45 nm. 研究结果还表明, TPT共轭桥化合物的重组能较小, 且λ_h与λ_e相近, 有利于载流子传输平衡, 提高传输速率. 本文设计的苯乙炔基苯并二噻吩(DPATPT)有望成为潜在的传输效率高、抗氧化能力强的载流子传输材料.     

深度脱硫噻吩衍生物的电子和空间性质理论研究

我们采用从头计算的密度泛函理论方法在B3LYP水平上，其中H原子采用3-21G基组，C原子采用6-31G(d)基组，S原子采用6-31G (d)基组对2-甲基噻吩，苯并噻吩，2-甲基苯并噻吩，二苯并噻吩，4-甲基-二苯并噻吩，4，6-二甲基二苯并噻吩等噻吩衍生物进行了几何优化．研究结果表明电子性质可影响噻吩衍生物的加氢脱硫活性，但空间因素对噻吩衍生物的加氢脱硫活性影响很大，从而证实了提高噻吩衍生物加氢脱硫活性方案的可行性．     

1,3,5-三硝基苯在高岭石表面吸附的理论研究

构造了高岭石硅氧层和铝氧层的团簇模型(分别为Si₁₃O₃₇H₂₂和Al₆O₂₄H₃₀), 并分别在B3LYP/6-31G(d), MP2/6-31G(d)//B3LYP/6-31G(d)和B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d)理论水平上对1,3,5-三硝基苯(TNB)在高岭石表面的吸附性质(如优化的几何构型、 结构参数、 吸附能、 振动频率、 静电势和分子轨道等)进行了研究. 结果表明, TNB和硅氧层表面间的相互作用以静电和范德华相互作用为主; TNB与铝氧层间的相互作用以氢键为主, 且TNB和铝氧层间相互作用的能量更低, 结构更稳定.     

2-丁基-四氢噻吩亚砜13C-NMR的理论研究

在RHF/6-31G和B3LYP/6-31G水平上对顺式(Cis-)与反式(Trans-)2-丁基-四氢噻吩亚砜(BTHTO)进行几何优化,应用规范不变原子轨道法(GIAO)在6-31G、6-31+G、6-31++G和6-31+G(2d,p)水平上计算了Cis-和Trans-BTHTO的13C-NMR,对13C-NMR谱进行了归属。结果表明,BTHTO噻吩五元环的稳定构象呈半椅式,Cis-和Trans-BTHTO中与硫原子直接碳原子13C-NMR的显著差异主要是由于空间构型不同引起分子的静电势场对相应碳原子的屏蔽作用不同所致。     

戊烯自由基阳离子的密度泛函理论研究

使用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法和6-31G(d,p)、6-31＋G(d,p)、6-311G(d,p)及6-311＋G(d,p)基组，分别对2-C5H10＋和1-C5H10＋的各种构象进行了几何构型优化，并用B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)进行了频率分析计算.计算预言1-C5H10＋具有非平面构型，与以往报导的从头算计算结论相反.在两个自由基阳离子的各种构象的B3LYP几何构型上，进行了B3LYP和UMP2(full)方法的超精细偶合常数计算，得到了比以往更好的结果.     

4-氨基-1,8-萘二酰亚胺的结构及光谱性质的理论研究

采用HF和密度泛函理论中的B3LYP和PBE0方法,在7个不同的基组下优化得到了4-氨基-1,8-萘二酰亚胺(ANI)的基态几何构型,用CIS/6-31+G(d)方法得到第一激发态几何构型,频率分析无虚频.在此基础上运用HF-CIS,TD-B3LYP和TD-PBE0方法研究了在气相及DMSO,DMF,MeCN,THF,CHCl3和EtOH溶剂中ANI的前线轨道及电子光谱.结果表明,HOMO→LUMO的跃迁是π→π*跃迁.随溶剂极性的增加,其最大吸收和荧光波长红移.用TD-B3LYP/6-31+G(d)方法得到的溶剂中ANI的吸收光谱计算值与实验值吻合性较好,但荧光光谱计算值与实验值有较大差异.进一步经线性拟合校正,ANI在非质子溶剂中的计算值与实验值能较好地吻合.计算显示激发态ANI具有较大的偶极矩,与解释相关荧光分子探针的光诱导电子转移方向选择性现象的光生电场理论一致.     

取代基对3(5)-(9-蒽基)吡唑光学性质的影响

使用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP/6-31G(d)方法优化得到了3(5)-(9-蒽基)吡唑及其衍生物的基态(S₀)分子结构, 使用单激发组态相互作用(CIS)/6-31G(d)方法优化得到这些分子的第一单重激发态(S₁)的几何结构, 并使用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)方法计算了它们的吸收和发射光谱. 计算结果表明, 与3(5)-(9-蒽基)吡唑相比, 无论取代基是吸电子基团还是供电子基团, 衍生物的吸收和发射峰均发生红移, 并且当取代基―R=―BH₂, ―CCl₃, ―CHO, ―NH₂时衍生物有较长的吸收波长和发射波长.     

两种非对称芳基二噻吩并[2,3-b:3',2'-d]噻吩的合成与光谱特性

合成了两种非对称芳基取代的并三噻吩化合物.以2-溴-5-三甲基硅-二噻吩并[2,3-b:3',2'-d]噻吩为原料,经脱除四甲基硅烷(TMS)和Suzuki偶联两步反应制备了2-噻吩基二噻吩并[2,3-b:3',2'-d]噻吩,总产率为67.4%;以2-苯基二噻吩并[2,3-b:3',2'-d]噻吩为原料,经N-溴代琥...     

二氰基乙烯基并三噻吩的光谱行为

本文设计合成了两种二氰基乙烯基并三噻吩化合物,即2-二氰基乙烯基二噻吩并[3,2-b:2’,3-’d]噻吩(DCTT)与2-二氰基乙烯基二噻吩并[2,3-b:3’,2-’d]噻吩(DCST).研究了介质极性对吸收与发射光谱行为的影响,考察了化合物的分子结构与其发光能力的关系.溶剂效应显示化合物DCST随介质的极性增加,分子内电荷转移态(ICT)的荧光发射峰位红移现象更为明显,展示出较大的Stokes位移.化合物DCTT随介质的极性增加,发光行为表现出负的溶致变色效应,与"能级邻近效应"有关.溶剂效应说明了DCTT分子中并三噻吩部分给出电子的能力较弱,而DCST分子中的并三噻吩部分给出电子的能力较强,是导致二者ICT态的发光能力的差异的主要原因.     

1,3-Disubstitutedpyrazole-4-caboxaldehyde in Heterocyclic Synthesis: A Novel Synthesis of Pyridine-2(1H)-thione and Fused Nitrogen and/or Sulfur Heterocyclic Derivatives

Pyridine-2(1H)-thione 5 was synthesized from the reaction of 3-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-1-phenylpropenone (3) and cynothioacetamide (4). Compound 5 reacted with halogented compounds 6a–e to give 2-S-alkylpyridine derivatives 7a–e, which could be in turn cyclized into the corresponding thieno[2,3-b]-pyridine derivatives 8a–e. Compound 8a reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give 9. The latter compound reacted with acetic anhydride (10a), formic acid (10b), acetic acid, ethyl acetoacetate, and pentane-2,4-dione to give the corresponding pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno-[3,2-d]pyrimidine 13a,b, pyrazolo[3′,4′:4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyridine 14 and thieno[2,3-b]-pyridine derivatives 18 and 20, respectively. Alternatively, 8c reacted with 10a,b and nitrous acid to afford the corresponding pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine 24a,b and pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-d][1,2,3]triazine 26 derivatives, respectively. Finally compound 5 reacted with methyl iodide to give 2-methylthiopyridine derivative 27, which could be reacted with hydrazine hydrate to yield the corresponding pyrazolo[3,4-b]-pyridine derivative 29.     

The synthesis of dinaphthothiophenes

The synthesis of dinaphtho[1,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene ( 6 ), dinaphtho[2,1-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene ( 15 ), dinaphtho-[1,2-b:1′,2′-d]thiophene ( 20 ), dinaphtho[2,1-b:1′,2′-d]thiophene ( 26 ), dinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene ( 37 ) and dinaphtho[1,2-b:2′,1′-d]thiophene ( 45 ) has been accomplished.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2-(4''-Methylphenoxy)-5,8,9-trimethyl-3-phenyl Thieno[3'',2'':5,6]pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4-(3H)-one Hydrochloride

The title compound 2-(4′-methylphenoxy)-5,8,9-trimethyl-3-phenyl thieno[3′,2′:5,6]pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one hydrochloride (C26H23Cl4N3O2S, Mr = 583.33) has been deter- mined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 14.8442(11), b = 11.5131(8), c = 17.2010(13) (A), β = 113.7250(10)o, V = 2691.3(3) (A)3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.440 g/cm3, S = 1.094, μ = 0.547 mm-1, F(000) = 1200, the final R = 0.0571 and wR = 0.1458. X-ray analysis reveals that the title compound combines with a molecule of dichloromethane by an intramolecular hydrogen bond. The thienopyridine ring is almost coplanar, and the dihedral angle between the thiophene plane and the pyridine plane is 0.6o.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2-(4’-Methylphenoxy)-5,8,9-trimethyl-3-phenyl Thieno[3′,2′:5,6]pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4-(3H)-one Hydrochloride

1 INTRODUCTION Pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives have pharma- ceutical activity and germicidal action[1~3]. So far, hundreds of tetrahydro- and octahydro-pyrido[4,3- d]pyrimidines have been synthesized as potential diuretic, antirheumatic and bacteriostatic drugs, but only a few of fully aromatic pyrido[4,3-d] pyrimi- dines are known. An important synthetic route to synthesize fully aromatic pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidines is the condensation reaction of 4-aminonicotinic acid and amines[4]. Ho…     

BENZOQUINOLINES II. SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW BENZO[h] PYRIMIDO [4′,5′:4,5]THIENO[2,3-b]QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES AND RELATED FUSED HEXACYCLIC SYSTEMS

Abstract

Reaction of 8-amino-7-(2 furyl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]thieno[2,3-b]quinoline-9-carbonitrile (3a) with phenyl isothiocyanate, triethyl orthoformate, ethylenediamine and/or sodium azide afforded benzo[h]thieno[2,3-b]quinolines 4,7,20 and 25 respectively. Cyclization of thiourea derivative 4 furnished thioxopyrimidine derivative 5. The dithioxopyrimidine 6 was prepared by reaction of 3a with carbon disulfide. On treatment of 7 with hydrazine hydrate, 10-amino-7-(2-furyl)-11-imino-5,6,10,11-tetrahydrobenzo[h]pyrimido[4′,5′:4,5]thieno [2,3-b]quinoline (8) was obtained. Compounds 8,20 and 25 were used as key intermediates in the synthesis of the fused hexacyclic compounds 9–19, 21–24 and 26–28 respectively. 8-Amino-7-(2-furyl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]thieno[2,3-b]quinoline-9-carboxamide (3b) was reacted with some reagents, namely triethyl orthoformate, benzaldehyde, carbon disulfide, phenyl isothiocyanate, and/or acetic anhydride to give the corresponding benzo[h]pyrimido [4′,5′: 4,5]thieno[2,3-b]quinolines 29, 30, 31, 32 and 34. Compound 29 underwent some sequence reactions to give 37–42. Some of the prepared compounds were tested in vitro for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.     

新型双呋咱并[3,4-b∶3’,4’-f]氧化呋咱并[3″,4″-d]氧杂环庚三烯的合成与量子化学研究

以3,4-双(4’-硝基呋咱-3’-基)氧化呋咱为原料,设计并合成了新型双呋咱并[3,4-b∶3’,4’-f]氧化呋咱并[3″,4″-d]氧杂环庚三烯(1),收率50.1%,其结构经13C NMR,15N NMR,IR,MS和元素分析表征。最佳的反应条件为:以无水碳酸钠为催化剂,乙腈(含水量0.04%)为溶剂,于80℃反应3.5 h。用B3LYP方法在6-31G**基组水平上对1的结构进行了计算,得到了稳定的几何构型和键级。在振动分析的基础上求得体系在不同温度下的热力学性质,得到了温度对热力学性能影响的关系式。1的性能研究表明,1的m.p.92℃～94℃,爆速8 256m.s-1(1.85 g.cm-3),摩擦感度0%(90°摆角),撞击感度12%(10 kg,25 cm),特性落高H50=57.5 cm(5 kg)。     

Synthesis of 3,4-Biheterylthieno[2,3-b]-thiophenes. Part I: Synthesis of 3,4-Bi(1′,3′,4′-thiadiazolyl-, s-triazolyl-,1′,3′,4′-thiadiazinyl-, 1′,3′,4′-triazinyl-, thiazolyl-, 1′,3′-thiazinyl- and primidinyl)-thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes

3,4-Diamino-2,5-dicarbethoxythieno[2,3-b]thiophene ( 1 ) was allowed to react with NaNO 2 and active methylenes to afford the corresponding azo compounds 2a-c . Hydrazonyl chloride 2a was treated with carbon disulfide, phenyl isothiocyanate, benzonitrile, benzyl cyanide, malononitrile, benzalaniline, ethyl mercaptoacetate, and ethyl glycinate to give 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl-, s-triazolyl-, 1,3,4-thiadiazinyl-, 1,3,4-triazinylthieno[2,3-b]thiophenes 3-6 respectively. The reaction of 2b,c with urea, thiourea, and guanidine afforded pyrimidinyl- and thiazinylazothieno [2,3-b]thiophenes 7-10 respectively. Bithiazolylthieno[2,3-b]thiophenes 11 and 13 were synthesized by treating compound 1 with CS 2 along with halo compounds. The addition of S,S-, N,S-, and N,O-acetals to the Schiff base 14 afforded compounds 15-17 respectively.     

Thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carbohydrazide in Polyheterocyclic Synthesis: The Synthesis of Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine,Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-d][1,2,3]triazine,and Pyrazolyl,Oxadiazolylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine Derivatives

Pyrdine-2(1H)-thione 1 reacted with ethyl chloroacetate 2 to give 2-S-ethoxy-carbonylmethylpyridine derivative 3, which could be cyclized into thieno[2,3-b]-pyridine-2-carbohydrazide derivative 5 by boiling with hydrazine hydrate. The latter compound reacted with cinnamonitrile derivatives 6a, b, triethylorthoformate, formic acid, dimethylformamide-dimethylacetal, and diethyl carbonate to give the corresponding shiff base 7a, b and pyrido[3′,2′;-4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives 10–13 in respective manner. On the other hand, compound 5 also reacted with carbondisulphide and phenyl isothiocyanate to afford the corresponding 2-(1,3,4-oxadiazolo-2-yl)thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives 18 and 22. Finally, compound 5 reacted with some β-dicarbonyl compounds, such as ethyl acetoacetate, acetylacetone and ethyl β-arylazoacetoacetate, to yield the corresponding 2-(pyrazol-1-yl-carbonyl)thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives 24, 25, and 27 respectively.