Professor Cristofor I. Simionescu on His 70th Birthday

Professor Cristofor I. Simionescu was born on July 17, 1920, in Dumbraveni-Suceava. His father was a high school teacher, and young Simionescu went to elementary school in his home town. After completing elementary school he went to Jassy and attended the prestigious “National Lyceum,” the roots of which stem from the “Michailean Academy.” He then began studies at the Polytechnic Institute of Jassy at the Faculty of Chemical Engineering. As a young student he was known for his enthusiasm and was recognized as an excellent young scientist. In 1944 Cristofor Simionescu graduated mugna cum lade from the Polytechnic Institute in Jassy. He obtained his first scientific degree in organic technology, i.e., Doctor of Technical Sciences, in 1948, and became Associate Professor at the Polytechnic Institute. In 1951 he was promoted to Full Professor and was appointed to the Chair of Natural and Synthetic Macromolecules. From 1953 until 1976 Professor Simionescu was Rector of the Polytechnic Institute of Jassy.     

黄鸣龙——我国有机化学的一位先驱

黄鸣龙院士(1898-1979)1919年浙江医药专科学校毕业,1924年德国柏林大学有机药物化学博士;1924-1934年任浙江医专教授、主任,卫生署化学部主任;1934-1940年在欧洲先灵公司等从事研究工作;1940年回国在昆明任中研院化学所研究员,兼任西南联大教授;1945年赴美在哈佛大学,默克公司从事研究工作。1952年绕道欧洲回国,先后在中国人民解放军医学科学院化学系和中国科学院上海有机化学研究所任研究员。1955年当选为中国科学院学部委员(院士)。黄先生一生从事有机化学的教育和研究工作,他在有机化学的“结构与机理”以及“反应和合成”二大方面都作出了在国内外具有深远影响的工作。20世纪40年代黄先生发现了变质山道年4个立体异构体的循环转变,堪称立体化学的经典之作;1948年发表了黄鸣龙还原反应;1952年归国后引领和发展了我国的甾体化学研究,带领了我国甾体药物的生产发展,是我国甾体药物工业的奠基人。黄先生治学严谨,既重视应用研究,又强调基础研究;关注学习新知识、新概念,又更重视实验技术。黄先生教书育人,身体力行,是我国有机化学发展的先驱者和奠基人。     

Otto Liebknecht – eine ungewöhnliche Karriere

With his name Dr. Otto Liebknecht got a big burden. He was born as son of Wilhelm Liebknecht, one of the leaders of the German Social Democratic movement. His brother was Karl Liebknecht, founder of the Communist Spartakusbund. After finishing his studies in Chemistry in 1899 at the University of Berlin Liebknecht had to look for a long time until he got an employment at Degussa in Frankfurt. it turned out to be a big fortune for the company to get the new staff member. Liebknecht developed a production process for sodium perborate, a big and successfull beaching agent in detergents until today, After a dispute about royalities Liebknecht quit his job at Degussa after 25 years and worked with other German companies. In his last years he was appointed Professor of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Berlin.     

Meet the Board of ChemistryOpen: Sheshanath V. Bhosale

Sheshanath V. Bhosale received his PhD from Freie University Berlin (Germany) in supramolecular chemistry under the supervision of Prof. J. H. Fuhrhop in 2004. He then pursued his postdoctoral studies with Prof. S. Matile at University of Geneva (Switzerland) under the auspices of a Roche Foundation Fellowship. This was followed by a stay at Monash University (Australia) for 5 years as an ARC-APD Fellow. He worked at RMIT University, Melbourne (Australia) for 6 years as ARC-Future Fellowship. Currently, Prof. Bhosale is working at the Department of Chemistry, Goa University (India) as a UGC-FRP Professor, His research interests lie in the design and synthesis of π-functional materials, especially small molecules, for sensing, biomaterials, and supramolecular chemistry applications. So far, Prof. Bhosale has produced 185 research articles and his work has been cited more than 4400 times, giving him an h-index of 32. He currently serves as an active Editorial Board member for ChemistryOpen.     

On the contribution of A. C. Hurley to theoretical chemistry

Andrew Crowther Hurley was born in Melbourne, Australia, on 11 July 1926 and received his early education at Melbourne Church of England Grammar School. He graduated from the University of Melbourne with high honors in mathematics and natural philosophy and, in 1949, was awarded his M.A. with first class honors in the school of mathematics for his thesis “The Irreducible Crystal Classes in Four Dimensions,” his supervisor being Dr. Hans Schwerdtfeger. From 1950–1952 he was a member of Trinity College, Cambridge, and was awarded a Ph.D. for his research in theoretical chemistry under Sir John Lennard-Jones. In 1953 he returned to Melbourne and joined what was to become the Division of Chemical Physics of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO). The award of a fellowship by Trinity College enabled him to spend two more years, 1954–1956, in the Theoretical Chemistry Department of the University of Cambridge, and this was followed by a year with Professor J.C. Slater's solid state and molecular theory group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1957 Andrew again returned to the Division of Chemical Physics in Melbourne, where he has remained, except for the academic year 1962–1963, when he was Visiting Professor in Theoretical Chemistry at Iowa State University.     

Preface to Special Issue of Chinese Journal of Catalysis in Memoryof Professor Qin Xin

正This special issue is dedicated to Professor Qin Xin on the occasion of one year of his passing away. This is in recognition of his unique and remarkable contributions to the application of in‐situ molecular spectroscopy for catalysis study, the exploration of nitrides, carbides and HDS(hydrodesulfurization), HDN (hydrodenitrogenation) catalysts,and the development of efficient electrocatalysts for direct alcohol fuel cells.Professor Xin was born in Harbin in April 1939. After graduating from the Department of Chemistry, Jilin University in 1962, he worked in Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics     

Enrique San Román (1945–2019)

An homage to the Argentinian Photochemist Enrique San Román is presented. Enrique led the Photochemistry and Chemical Kinetics research group in the Department of Inorganic, Analytical and Physical Chemistry in the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences of the University of Buenos Aires from 1984 until his death in July 2019. He left a strong legacy in Chemical Kinetics and Photochemistry in Argentina. He is remembered as a meticulous and very knowledgeable scientist and teacher, a loyal friend and a generous and integer human being.     

Quinquagenary of the Scientific Work of Prof. W. Zielenkiewicz

Prof. Wojciech Zielenkiewicz was born in Warsaw on 6 June 1933. He studied chemistry at the Warsaw University and graduated in 1955. His master thesis in the field of nuclear chemistry dealt with the enrichment of bromobenzene by the Szilard-Chalmers method. Since 1955 his professional career has mostly been related to the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS) founded in the same year. Initially, Wojciech Zielenkiewicz worked under the supervision of Prof. Wojciech Świętosławski. This cooperation had a powerful influence on Zielenkiewicz both as a researcher and as a person. His strong interest in thermochemistry at that time resulted partly from his research interest and partly from his attraction to one of the students doing her diploma who later became his wife. Zielenkiewicz’s PhD thesis carried out under Świętosławski’s supervision concerned the thermochemistry of cement hydration. For the purposes of this work, Zielenkiewicz constructed his first calorimeter – a labyrinth flow calorimeter which was a modified version of the first such calorimeter constructed by Świętosławski and Malawski in 1935. The calorimeter was applied for the determination of the heat of cement hardening. After his PhD, Zielenkiewicz worked on several other calorimeters for the study of heat of cement hydration with the quasi-adiabatic method as well as on ‘conduction’ calorimeters for the examination of the first phase of cement hydration. This activity resulted in a monograph Calorimetry and Thermochemistry of Cement written in collaboration with T. Krupa and published in 1975. In the following years, his scientific interests were focused mostly on various aspects of the transfer of heat energy in time, i.e. thermokinetics. He constructed a number of calorimeters for this type of measurements and, together with his co-workers, elaborated new numerical methods of determination of thermokinetics. Those methods were assessed at international symposia on thermokinetics organised by Zielenkiewicz in cooperation with the French Association of Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis (AFCAT). In this period, he established regular cooperation with scientists from France, Spain, and the USA. Research on thermokinetics includes not only theoretical studies but also experimental works. Most of the experiments conducted at the Department of Calorimetry headed by Prof. Zielenkiewicz were connected with inclusion compounds, particularly Werner complexes as well as porfyrine derivatives. In the last twenty years, Zielenkiewicz conducted research in the scope of biomolecules. The study resulted in the determination of thermodynamic properties of over 60 derivatives of nucleic acid bases and the establishment of new correlations between enthalpic, volume, and structural properties of the compounds examined. His most recent interests concerned the study of enthalpic processes of protein salting. Zielenkiewicz’s long and intensive work in the field of calorimetry and thermokinetics has appeared in numerous books and publications presenting his research results. He is the author of 7 monographs, a number of chapters in a monograph and about 200 scientific publications. They include, among others, Analysis of Course of Heat Effect in n-n Calorimeters, Signal Processing of Calorimetric System, Dynamic Theory (later translated into Russian and published in Russia), Advances in Calorimetry and Thermochemistry, Theory of Calorimetry written together with E. Margas and published in 2002 by Kluwer and the most recent book, Calorimetry, published in 2005. Prof. Zielenkiewicz has also been active as a supervisor. He assisted and supported the realisation of 14 completed PhD theses of the employees at the Institute of Physical Chemistry and is supervising 3 more students of the Institute. Moreover, he has been involved in the realization of several more PhD theses both in Poland and abroad. For many years Prof. Zielenkiewicz combined his activity on research with research coordination. He managed the organizational units of the Polish Academy of Sciences as the Director General of the PAS and as a Deputy Scientific Secretary. For 6 years he was a Scientific Secretary of the Division of Mathematical, Physical and Chemical Sciences of PAS. In the years 1968–2003 he headed the Laboratory and Department of Calorimetry and he was a director of the Institute of Physical Chemistry for 19 years. His directorship in the Institute happened in a very difficult period for Poland, i.e. when the Marshall Law was introduced in 1981. As numerous employees of the Institute were involved in the illegal Solidarity movement at that time, the position of a director of such an institution was extremely uncomfortable and required great abilities in dealing with the communist authorities in such a way as to protect those employees. It must be said that Prof. Zielenkiewicz faced this challenge with success. Prof. Zielenkiewicz was also an initiator of the Polish conferences on calorimetry and thermal analysis. The first one was held over 30 years ago. These conferences created an opportunity for Polish researchers to exchange their opinions and learn about the world research trends. Numerous outstanding scientists were guests at these conferences. Many of them are members of the Polish Society of Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis. Prof. Zielenkiewicz has been awarded many state and foreign medals and distinctions, among others, Wojciech Świętosł;awski’s Medal and the Calvet Award given by the French Association of Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis (AFCAT) as well as the most prominent Polish state orders including the Order of Polonia Restituta (the Knight’s Cross) and the Order of Labour Banner. He is a corresponding member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Royal Academy of Sciences in Barcelona. Dr. Paweł Gierycz     

《催化学报》庆祝何鸣元院士八十华诞专刊

《催化学报》以本期专刊的出版庆祝何鸣元院士八十华诞,表达对何先生五十多年来为我国催化及相关领域发展所作出的卓越贡献的崇高敬意!何鸣元先生1940年2月8日出生于上海,1961年毕业于华东纺织工学院(现东华大学)应用化学专业,同年进入石油化工科学研究院工作至今.1980-1984年作为访问学者赴美国西北大学化学系和美国得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校化工系进行合作研究.2000年以来,应邀兼任华东师范大学教授,2003年领导建立上海市绿色化学与化工过程绿色化重点实验室.何鸣元先生担任过许多学术职务.曾任石油化工科学研究院总工程师、学术委员会副主任,中国科学院学部主席团成员、化学部副主任,中国化学会常务理事、绿色化学专业委员会主任,国际催化理事会理事,国际沸石分子筛协会副主席等.何鸣元先生长期从事催化材料、炼油化工催化剂与工艺研究.发明了一系列沸石分子筛合成新方法与炼油催化剂,开发了双反应区催化裂化增产汽油异构烷烃MIP工艺(Maximum Isoparaffin Process)等多个具有自主知识产权的新工艺,为发展我国重油裂化技术、提高催化裂化汽油辛烷值、开发新标准汽油生产技术等作出了突出贡献.何鸣元先生是我国绿色化学的奠基人之一,他以国民经济可持续增长为目标,大力倡导和推动绿色化学与化工学术研究与技术开发.2001年担任科技部国家基础研究重大项目(2001-2005)'石油炼制与基本有机化学品加工的绿色化学'首席科学家,推动了多项绿色炼油与化工新技术的突破和工业应用.针对碳资源利用过程中所面临的效率低、污染物排放严重等问题,2011年,何先生和合作者从碳资源加工、利用和循环等全周期考虑,提出了'绿色碳科学'的概念,对碳资源的高效、清洁、循环利用具有重要的指导作用.近年来,发起并主持了以'可持续发展能源化工的科学基础:绿色碳科学与绿色氢科学'沸石分子筛:等级特性、选择催化与分子工程'绿色生态环境与化学化工'等为主题的香山科学会议以及其它高水平学术会议,为相关学科指出了发展方向.何鸣元先生获得了许多学术奖励和荣誉.他于1995年当选为中国科学院院士,曾获得国家发明二等奖(1995)、何梁何利科学技术进步奖(2001)、中国催化成就奖(2012)、法国教育部棕榈叶骑士勋章(2012)、法国里昂高师荣誉博士学位(2016)、中国分子筛终身成就奖(2019)等,在国内外催化与石油化工界享有崇高的声誉.本期专刊收录了15篇学术论文,内容涉及新型分子筛催化剂的合成、单原子催化、光催化、电催化以及甲烷、二氧化碳、生物质等碳资源的催化转化等,一定程度上反映了何先生过去五十多年的研究兴趣,并展现了当前国际催化科学与技术研究的前沿和进展.在此,我们衷心感谢论文作者、审稿专家和《催化学报》编辑部等相关人员所给予的大力支持.     

Teaching and Research for a Closer‐Knit Europe

Rudolf Zahradnik, President of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic – and an enthusiast when it comes to Europe – has markedly influenced the reform process in his own country. His point of view has never been limited exclusively to science but has always been part of a European vision. In the following interview, Professor Zahradnik ‐ an honorary member of the GDCh since 18th September 2000 – expresses his views on European expansion and its influence on teaching and research in the Czech Republic specifically and in Europe as a whole.     

有机化学中新兴领域的积极开拓者——黄耀曾先生

黄耀曾先生(1912-2002),我国著名的有机化学家,中国科学院院士,我国有机氟化学的先驱者,我国金属有机化学的开拓者。曾任中央研究院化学研究所助理研究员,副研究员,上海第一医学院助教,讲师。中国科学院上海有机化学研究所副研究员,研究员,博士生导师;上海有机化学研究所副所长,中国科学院化学部常委,副主任,中国化学会常务理事,《有机化学》主编和国际《杂原子化学》顾问编委。他的研究工作不仅推动了有机化学的发展,而且在我国国防建设和经济建设中也做出了突出贡献。曾获全国科学大会奖,国家科学技术进步一等奖,国防科技事业荣誉证书,国家自然科学三等奖及二等奖,第三世界科学院化学奖,何梁何利基金科学与进步奖等众多奖项。几十年的学术生涯中,黄耀曾先生在国内外著名学术刊物上共发表论文230余篇,著译9本,培养了博士20名,其中有的当选为院士,有的已成为重要的科研骨干和领导,有的是著名的企业家。     

Julius Adolph Stöckhardt. Zum 200. Geburtstag

Julius Adolph Stoeckhardt, who was trained as a pharmacist and later worked as a chemist, left his marks in many fields. The intention of his action was the use of chemical knowledge in practice. Stoeckhardt was most important in helping to popularize agricultural chemistry, thanks to his endeavor agricultural experimental stations were established. He investigated fume gases and its influence on the forest and the toxicity of colors, carried out many chemical analyzes – also of rocks. He thought on methods of a successful teaching of natural science and fought for the recognition of chemistry as a common instrument for education. In memory of this scientist several institutions bear his name: e.g. a 1885 constructed laboratory building of the former Forest Academy in Tharandt, which in our days belongs to the Technical University of Dresden, Department of Forest, Geo‐ and Hydrosciences, a chemistry‐club for pupils in Chemnitz, who are interested in chemistry, a competition of pupils in Chemistry and an annual colloquium on environmental chemistry at Chemnitz Technical University.     

The Dawn of X‐Ray Astronomy (Nobel Lecture)

Riccardo Giacconi joined the American Science and Engineering Corporation (AS & E) after leaving Princeton University in 1959, and in 1962 his group there detected the first extrasolar Xray source. Prof. Giacconi was subsequently responsible for the launch and use of the satellite UHURU (1970) and the EINSTEIN observatory (1978). He was appointed Associate Director of the High Energy Astrophysics Division of the Harvard‐Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in 1973 and was also appointed Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University that same year. In 1981 he became the first Director of the Space Telescope Science Institute and was also appointed Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Johns Hopkins University. In 1992 he was appointed Director General of the European Southern Observatory, an intergovernmental organization of eight nations. Prof. Giaconni is currently President of Associated Universities, Inc., and Research Professor at Johns Hopkins University. He was awarded the Wolf Prize in 1987, and the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2002.     

Procedure for increasing the detection responses of estrogens in LC–MS based on introduction of a nitrobenzene moiety followed by electron capture atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

A practical procedure for determining estrogens in biological fluids has been studied using liquid chromatography–electron capture atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–mass spectrometry combined with derivatization. Among the commercially available reagents (4-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride and 4-nitrobenzyl bromide), 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride was of the most practical use; it rapidly and quantitatively reacted with estrogens and increased the detection responses by 8–23 times. The derivatization method allowed the reproducible and accurate quantification of serum and urine estrone and estradiol of a pregnant woman, which is useful for diagnosis of the fetoplacental function, with small amounts (10 μl) of sample and a simple pretreatment procedure. Tatsuya Higashiis Associate Professor of the Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Sciences (Professor Kazutake Shimada’s research group) at the Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology of Kanazawa University. He received the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry Award for Young Scientists in 2003 and the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Award for Young Scientists in 2006. His current research interests are the development of methods for increasing sensitivity in LC-MS to detect and characterize trace amounts of biologically active steroids, such as estrogens, androgens and neuroactive steroids.     

Laser-Assisted Synthesis of Non-Equilibrium Nanoalloys

Vincenzo Amendola is Professor of Physical Chemistry at Padova University, where he established and directs the Laser-Assisted Synthesis and Plasmonics (LASP) lab. He obtained a PhD in Materials Science and Engineering in 2008 and the Italian qualification as Full Professor in 2017, after research experience at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Cambridge University. He is part of the Program Committee of the ANGEL conference series and he is a current member of the ChemPhysChem Editorial Advisory Board.     

Influence of electronic and steric effects and hydrogen bonding on1H and13C spectral parameters in azo compounds

V. I. Vernadskii Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences; Turin University, Turin, Italy. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 91–101, November–December, 1992.     

Recent advances in computational 31P NMR: Part 1. Chemical shifts

This is the first part of two closely related reviews dealing with the computation of phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts in a wide series of organophosphorus compounds including complexes, clusters, and bioorganic phosphorus compounds. In particular, the analysis of the accuracy factors, such as substitution effects, solvent effects, vibrational corrections, and relativistic effects, is presented. This review is dedicated to the Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Professor Boris A. Trofimov in view of his invaluable contribution to the field of synthesis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and computation studies of organophosphorus compounds.     

张青莲教授及其原子量新值测定研究

张青莲教授是中国科学院院士,我国同位素化学的奠基人.本文介绍他在90高龄之际在原子量新值测定方面所取得的杰出成就.从1990年代初以来,他主持一个科研小组采用质谱法,实施了测定10项原子量新值的长期计划.至2001年7月已经有In、Ir、Sb、Eu、Ce、Er、Ge、Dy和Zn等9个原子量新值被国际纯粹与应用化学联合会(IUPAC)的原子量与同位素丰度委员会(CAWIA)正式确定为原子量的国际新标准;另外一个Sm原子量新值也于2005年被国际组织确认.     

In memory of Mikhail V. Volkenshtein

Dedicated to the 90^th anniversary of his birth and to 10 years after his death. Professor and Associated Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences Mikhail V. Volkenshtein was an outstanding scientist well known by his work in physics, chemistry, and biophysics. Two scientific sessions of this Symposium were dedicated to the memory of this great scientist and opened with the lecture of Tatiana M. Birshtein. In the archive of T. M. Birshtein there is a letter by M. V. Volkenshtein, which was written in 1982 in reply on her request to present some necessary information for the paper in Polymer Science (Russia) dedicated to the 70^th anniversary of his birth. This letter gives one a good idea about both the scientific activity and bright personality of the author. T. M. Birshtein and A. A. Mercurieva translated the document and prepared this publication. The main text of the letter is below, it is typed by Italic to be distinguished from the comments.     

从理论模型到探究应用：二维材料锡烯的发展史

2011年,中科院物理研究所的姚裕贵教授从理论上对二维锡进行了研究,首次预测了二维锡是一种拓扑绝缘体。至2013年,二维锡的理论研究已较为成熟,美国斯坦福大学的张首晟教授基于锡的拉丁文stannum和二维烯材料2D-Xene后缀组合正式提出了锡烯(Stanene)的概念。2015年,上海交通大学的贾金锋教授等人利用分子束外延技术在Bi₂Te₃(111)衬底上首次成功地生长出了二维锡烯。随后,锡烯在不同衬底上相继生成,其制备方法取得了一定的进展。人们也在制备探究中逐渐发现,锡烯具有优异的物化性质,在众多领域内有良好的应用前景。锡烯的发展史重新诠释了二维材料的发展机制,为新型二维材料的预测、制备与应用提供了新的视角和思路。