X波段高峰值功率速调管功率合成器设计

 基于微波电路理论和EBMA(extended boundary condition model analysis)电磁计算方法,先后设计了一个工作在9 GHz的4合1和8合1功率合成器。功率合成器可将多个侧壁矩形波导中相同输入的TE10模电磁波在中心圆波导中以TE01模式输出,实现功率的合成。利用EBMA方法和CST软件对所设计功率合成器的传输系数进行了计算,在中心频率9 GHz处,计算结果分别为1.00和0.99,从而验证了功率合成器具有良好的功率合成效果。对于8合1功率合成器,还根据模型简化的想法,使得功率合成器加载后,对输出腔间隙阻抗的计算成为可能。     

High power laser operation with crystal fibers

We present the very last results on the development of high-power lasers with crystal fibers in Nd:YAG and in Yb:YAG grown by the Micro-Pulling Down technique. An overview of the main optical properties of the grown crystal fibers is given as well as the principles of the diode-pumped systems are developed. The average output power obtained with those materials reaches now several tens of watts in the CW regime and in high repetition rate Q-switched operation. Pulses with an energy of several millijoules have been obtained with pulse durations from 10 to 20 ns and peak powers from 100 kW to 350 kW. In each case, the measured M ² quality factors remained in the range 2.5 to 5. In addition, the first demonstration of high-power laser emission with an Yb:YAG crystal fiber of 0.4 mm in diameter is reported. In this case, we obtained an output power of 27 W at 1030 nm under 100 W of pump power at 940 nm in CW regime. To our knowledge, those results represent the highest powers ever generated with crystal fibers obtained directly from the growth. We finally conclude this work by exposing the potential of crystal fiber lasers for a new generation of high-power laser systems.     

A simple microwave kit to convert an X-band ESR spectrometer for K-band operation

A kit for the conversion of an X-bandesr spectrometer for K-band operation is described and its performance has been tested withp-benzosemiquinone, vanadyl acetyl acetonate and 2, 5-ditertiary butyl semiquinone. The easy conversion of the X-band spectrometer to K-band operation enables us to distinguish between magnetic field dependent and field independent parameters. A varactor harmonic generator is used as a frequency doubler driving the fundamental power from the existing X-band source to give a power output at K-band without having to modify the electronic circuit; the modification of the microwave circuitry is proposed.     

X波段高功率宽带选模定向耦合器

过模圆波导在提高功率容量的同时,不可避免地会造成微波源中同时存在多种模式。为了监测X波段长脉冲高功率微波源TM₀₁模的输出功率和频谱,采用CST软件仿真设计了X波段高功率宽带选模定向耦合器,在耦合TM₀₁模的同时可实现对TM₀₂和TE₁₁模的抑制。波导腔体及耦合孔的尺寸以小孔耦合理论和相位叠加原理为基础并结合切比雪夫分布函数计算确定。仿真结果表明：该高功率宽带选模定向耦合器在9.0~9.8 GHz的带宽范围内,耦合度为(-59.08±1) dB,定向性大于30 dB,对TE₁₁模的抑制度大于15 dB,对TM₀₂模的抑制度大于30 dB,功率容量大于2.5 GW。     

X波段高功率微波选模定向耦合器

高功率、长脉冲是高功率微波技术发展的趋势,提高微波器件的功率容量成为一项重要的任务,使用过模器件可以有效提高微波源的功率容量,然而却会带来微波源中同时存在多种模式的问题。为了识别一个X波段长脉冲过模高功率微波源的输出主模TM01模式,设计了一种在线选模定向耦合器,进行了理论分析和模拟优化设计。当频率范围为9.2~9.6 GHz时,模拟结果显示该选模耦合器对TM01模的耦合度为-54 dB,在400 MHz带宽内定向性大于35 dB,对TM02模的抑制度大于15 dB,功率容量可达到3 GW以上。     

X波段高功率微波选模定向耦合器

高功率、长脉冲是高功率微波技术发展的趋势,提高微波器件的功率容量成为一项重要的任务,使用过模器件可以有效提高微波源的功率容量,然而却会带来微波源中同时存在多种模式的问题。为了识别一个X波段长脉冲过模高功率微波源的输出主模TM01模式,设计了一种在线选模定向耦合器,进行了理论分析和模拟优化设计。当频率范围为9.2~9.6 GHz时,模拟结果显示该选模耦合器对TM01模的耦合度为-54 dB,在400 MHz带宽内定向性大于35 dB,对TM02模的抑制度大于15 dB,功率容量可达到3 GW以上。     

X-band inverse class-F GaN internally-matched power amplifier

An X-band inverse class-F power amplifier is realized by a 1-mm Al Ga N/Ga N high electron mobility transistor(HEMT).The intrinsic and parasitic components inside the transistor,especially output capacitor Cds,influence the harmonic impedance heavily at the X-band,so compensation design is used for meeting the harmonic condition of inverse class-F on the current source plane.Experiment results show that,in the continuous-wave mode,the power amplifier achieves 61.7% power added efficiency(PAE),which is 16.3% higher than the class-AB power amplifier realized by the same kind of HEMT.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first inverse class-F Ga N internally-matched power amplifier,and the PAE is quite high at the X-band.     

X波段高功率负载的优化设计与测试

利用三维电磁场仿真软件CST进行了圆形水室水负载的仿真设计,先后设计的两种不同规格的负载驻波比分别为1.032 5和1.055 3,在50 MW的峰值功率下,峰值场强分别为21.16 MV/m和17.57 MV/m;并探究了陶瓷片和水的介电性质对驻波比的影响;测试驻波比分别为1.058 2和1.076 3。对一种圆筒水负载进行了优化设计,结果表明其具有很高的功率耐受水平。最后设计了一种不锈钢干负载,对其吸收齿结构和长度进行了优化,使其更利于加工。使用ANSYS对干负载结构进行了热应力分析,结果显示,最高温度和最大应力分别为83.478 ℃和63.917 MPa,最大形变为0.072 971 mm。     

X波段高功率相对论速调管放大器研究

为进一步提高X波段相对论速调管放大器的输出功率,采用理论分析与粒子模拟的方法对双群聚腔级联式相对论速调管放大器进行了研究。分析了提高注入腔对注入微波吸收效率的方法,分析了群聚腔调制能力与腔体模式、Q值等参数的关系,分析了输出腔提取效率与Q值的关系。在三维粒子仿真中,设计了模式反射器抑制TEM模式泄露与杂模振荡,得到了功率超过2.5 GW,频谱纯净,频率锁定为8.40 GHz,输出输入微波相位差稳定,抖动不超过2°的高功率微波输出。     

High power low-order modes operation of a multimode fiber laser

Coiling technique is used to suppress high-order modes of a large mode area (LMA) double clad multimode fiber. Output powers and beam quality factors M2 are measured under two different coiling radii. 217 W with M2 of 2.96 can be obtained for coiling radius of 165 mm and 160 W with M2 of 1.38 for 52 mm. The corresponding slope efficiencies are 60% and 48%. With smaller coiling radius, the brightness is 3.4 times as high as that of the larger one.     

Relativistic X-band BWO with 3-GW output power

Results from a study of a relativistic X-band backward-wave oscillator (RBWO) with 3-GW output microwave power are presented. The RBWO was driven by the high-current electron accelerator SINUS-7. The dependence of radiated microwave pulse duration on microwave power was obtained. Pulse shortening occurring at the higher power levels is probably attributable to explosive electron emission from the slow wave structure (SWS). An increase in the cross section of the electrodynamic structure seems to be a way to increase the microwave pulse duration. Experimental results from a moderately oversized X-band RBWO using a resonance reflector are described. This tube can be operated with a low external magnetic field     

High power single mode VCSEL operation with photo-active current channeling

Proposed on-axis current channeling through the use of photoactive layer(s) in vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) cavities counteracts hole burning and allows single mode operation at high currents. The photoactive layers act as variable resistivity screens whose radial 'aperture' is controlled by the light itself, providing an efficient feedback for mode control. Absorption of a small fraction of the light intensity suffices for significant on-axis current peaking with minimum efficiency loss and optical mode distortion. Fabrication is implemented during the molecular beam epitaxy phase without wafer post-processing, as for oxide apertures.     

X波段高功率宽频带双螺旋反射阵列天线的设计

为了提升高功率微波辐射天线的带宽,提出并设计了一种X波段高功率圆极化反射阵列天线,该天线采用喇叭天线作为馈源,阵列天线单元由可旋转金属双螺旋线构成,通过旋转螺旋线可以实现360°的相位补偿,同时反射损耗极小。设计了15×15矩形栅格螺旋反射阵列天线,全波仿真结果表明：该口径为315 mm的阵列天线在中心频点9.3 GHz下,增益为28 dB,轴比为0.53 dB,口径效率为52.6%;在8.5~10.9 GHz的频带范围内增益大于26.8 dB,轴比小于1.14 dB,1 dB增益带宽和40%以上口径效率带宽均大于21%;在真空中所能承受的最大功率约为207 MW。     

High average power large-pitch fiber amplifier with robust single-mode operation

Ytterbium-doped large-pitch fibers with very large mode areas are investigated in a high-power fiber amplifier configuration. An average output power of 294?W is demonstrated, while maintaining robust single-mode operation with a mode field diameter of 62?μm. Compared to previous active large-mode area designs, the threshold of mode instabilities is increased by a factor of about 3.     

基于过模波导的高功率微波准相干功率合成器

研究了一种用于功率合成的GW级高功率微波功率合成器。该合成器工作在X波段,输入微波由2路工作频率不同的X波段的微波源产生。为了满足输出功率和功率容量的要求,用于功率合成的微波源工作段波导的过模因子为12.7,这给功率合成器的设计带来了一定的困难。着重讨论了如何利用过模波导设计X波段高功率合成器,研究了如何抑制过模波导的高次模式并提高其功率容量和传输效率。设计的功率合成器单路传输效率达到99.0%以上,允许的最大输出功率达到5.6 GW以上,还可以按照需求适当增大高度,以进一步提高其功率容量而不影响传输效率。     

X波段极化可重构高功率微波辐射器仿真设计

为了提高高频段高功率微波反射面天线的馈电效率,同时使波束波导馈线更加紧凑,提出一种新型的X波段极化可重构高功率微波辐射器结构。通过波纹喇叭辐射器产生准高斯的HE11模辐射,采用双相位修正镜组成的波束变换系统实现将准高斯波束转换为电场分布更为均匀的平顶波束或其余期望分布的波束,平顶分布的输出波束可使得馈源在相同介质窗尺寸下获得更高的功率容量,同时实现了波束传播方向的90转弯;此外采用双圆极化栅网的级联组合,实现了对输出波束极化特性的调变。通过全电磁波仿真分析验证了该辐射器的设计思路。     

X波段高功率微波TE11模圆极化器

 基于圆波导TE₁₁模的模式简并特性和微波在椭圆波导中传输两个正交TE11模式相速不同的性质,研制了一种带有椭圆波导结构的圆波导TE₁₁模圆极化器。该圆极化器通过圆波导到椭圆波导的过渡段,将输入的线极化TE₁₁模式分成两个等幅、正交的TE₁₁模,然后调整椭圆波导长度,使得两个正交的TE₁₁模式的相位差为90°,实现了TE₁₁模式微波线极化到圆极化的转换。利用时域有限差分软件优化设计了该圆极化器,并按照优化的结构尺寸加工了一套实验装置进行了实验测试,测试结果表明：在工作频率9～10 GHz范围内,该圆极化器轴比小于1 dB,驻波比小于1.1,且功率容量大于1.6 GW。     

一种用于高功率微波合成的X波段双色板

在数值模拟的基础上,设计了一种用于高功率微波合成的X波段同频带双色板。微波斜45°入射时,该双色板在9 GHz到9.3 GHz内反射效率大于99%,在9.7 GHz到10 GHz内传输效率大于99%,可以用于实现两路高功率微波的同极化合成。利用电磁场全波分析软件,建立了双色板数值模型,分析了该双色板的场增强因子和功率容量问题。     

一种用于高功率微波合成的X波段双色板

在数值模拟的基础上,设计了一种用于高功率微波合成的X波段同频带双色板。微波斜45入射时,该双色板在9 GHz到9.3 GHz内反射效率大于99%,在9.7 GHz到10 GHz内传输效率大于99%,可以用于实现两路高功率微波的同极化合成。利用电磁场全波分析软件,建立了双色板数值模型,分析了该双色板的场增强因子和功率容量问题。