Infrared super-resolution imaging method based on retina micro-motion

With the wide application of infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPA), military, aerospace, public security and other applications have higher and higher requirements on the spatial resolution of infrared images. However, traditional super-resolution imaging methods have increasingly unable to meet this requirement in technology. In this paper, we adopt the achievement that the human retina micro-motion is the important reason why the human has the hyperacuity ability. Based on the achievement, we bring forward an infrared super-resolution imaging method based on retina micro-motion. In the method, we use the piezoelectric ceramic equipment to control the infrared detector moving variably within a plane parallel to the focal plane. The motion direction is toward each other into a direction of 90°. In the four directions of the movement, we get four sub-images and generate a high spatial resolution infrared image by image interpolation method. In the process of the shifting movement of the detector, we set the threshold of the detector response and record the response time difference when adjacent pixel responses are up to the threshold. By the method, we get the object’s edges, enhance them in the high resolution infrared image and get the super-resolution infrared image. The experimental results show that our proposed super-resolution imaging methods can improve the spatial resolution of the infrared image effectively. The method will offer a new idea for the super-resolution reconstruction of infrared images.     

Optic flaws detection and location based on a plenoptic camera

In this Letter,we propose an on-line inspection method based on a plenoptic camera to detect and locate flaws of optics.Specifically,due to the extended depth of field of the plenoptic camera,a series of optics can be inspected efficiently and simultaneously.Moreover,the depth estimation capability of the plenoptic camera allows for locating flaws while detecting them.Besides,the detection and location can be implemented with a single snapshot of the plenoptic camera.Consequently,this method provides us with the opportunity to reduce the cost of time and labor of inspection and remove the flaw optics,which may lead to performance degradation of optical systems.     

A new track inspection car based on a laser camera system

We develop and build a new type of inspection car.A beam that is not rigidly connected to the train axle boxes and can absorb the vibration and impact caused by the high speed train is used,and a laser-camera measurement system based on the machine vision method is adopted.This method projects structural light onto the track and measures gauge and longitudinal irregularity.The measurement principle and model are discussed.Through numerous practical experiments,the rebuilt car is found to considerably eliminate the measurement errors caused by vibration and impact,thereby increasing measurement stability under high speeds.This new kind of inspection cars have been used in several Chinese administration bureaus.     

Microwave system for free electron masers based on a curved open waveguide

A new microwave system for free electron masers of millimeter and submillimeter wavelength ranges on the basis of an open quasi-optical waveguide in the form of two slightly deformed metallic planes is discussed. The system gives the possibility to control the wavebeam trajectory and, in particular, to separate wave and electron beams.Some basic solutions and results of demonstration experiment are presented.     

Single-lens camera based on a pyramid prism array to capture four images

An optical design with a pyramid prism array is employed to simultaneously capture four images. The apex angle design of an upper and lower prism array is to form the upper and the lower images of the object. The design of the left and right prism array is to develop the left and right images. In the prism array, the unwanted image can be eliminated by blacken process in the plane gap between each prism. The optical design was based on the pyramid prism array and a single-lens to make the system light, portable and low-cost.     

基于衍射光栅的CCD相机标定方法

提出一种基于1维线衍射光栅的CCD相机光电响应特性标定方法,该方法利用衍射光栅对入射光束的分束特性,在远场焦平面内形成一系列衍射子光斑,采取有效的方法对多组衍射子光斑峰值测量数据进行融合,得到测量灰度值及通过理论计算得到的理论灰度值,拟合两组数据从而完成对CCD光电响应特性的标定。根据实验室现有的激光源与聚焦光学系统的参数,设计了一系列1维线光栅,完成某特性未知的红外CCD相机对中红外激光光电响应特性的标定。该标定方法具有光能利用率高的特点,多组测量数据的融合扩大了CCD标定的范围,并对标定结果在光斑真实形态重构中的应用进行了分析讨论。     

基于相机阵列的新型牙科三维扫描仪

为解决传统牙科三维扫描仪扫描中的抖动问题,提出了一种基于相机阵列的新型牙科三维扫描仪。利用多个不同视场的相机可以直接单次照相获取目标的三维信息,避免了扫描过程中抖动带来的影响,提高系统实时性。由于牙齿尺寸较小,所以选择微透镜阵列代替大型相机阵列,在减小系统体积的同时可以更好地保证相机间光轴的平行度。实验结果显示,系统最终实现了单颗牙齿的视差和深度计算。系统结构简单,便于小型化和低成本口内牙齿三维测量设备的研制,进一步推进医学数据的数字化进程。     

基于改进的分块压缩感知红外图像重建

针对基于压缩感知理论的红外图像重建问题,提出一种基于改进的分块压缩感知红外图像重建方法。该方法首先对原始红外图像进行分块,并对每个子块用相同的观测矩阵进行随机观测,获得少量的观测数据;然后利用谱图小波变换优异的稀疏特性,将其引入平滑投影Landweber算法进行迭代优化重建,同时采用混合中值滤波进行处理以增加图像的平滑度和减少块伪影,最后输出满足要求的高质量红外图像。实验结果表明,在相同采样率下,该方法对于不同类型红外图像的重建性能均优于目前广为采用的一些小波压缩感知方法,可获得更高质量的红外图像。     

基于Vega的红外图像仿真

介绍了红外成像仿真的基本理论,讨论了利用Vega传感器模块将输入的可见目标图像生成红外图像的技术。该技术使用Creator软件进行三维几何建模和纹理映射,使用TMM软件进行红外材质建模;然后,用Mat软件进行大气衰减的计算;最后,用SensorWorks软件进行传感器特性建模,通过光电转换生成红外图像。以阿帕奇AH6直升机为例进行了红外图像仿真,结果表明,利用Vega传感器模块进行传感器建模,建模效果较好,成本低,易于工程实现。     

基于曲面棱镜的宽视场推帚式高光谱成像仪设计

设计了一种覆盖短波红外谱段的宽视场推帚式高光谱成像系统,可用于空间遥感平台搭载获取高光谱数据立方体,分析地表物质组成及其理化特性。采用曲面棱镜作为色散元件,它集色散和成像功能于一体,通过与Offner中继结构相结合,大大简化了光谱仪光学系统的设计。相比传统色散型光谱成像仪,其结构紧凑、体积小、重量轻,而且能够有效校正棱镜色散带来的谱线弯曲和色畸变的问题。相比同类型的基于Offner中继结构的光栅光谱成像仪,其能量利用率高。分析了曲面棱镜的近轴光学理论和Offner中继结构的成像特点,给出了光谱仪的设计指标和结果,并对其光谱成像质量进行了评价。     

Compact chip-scale filter based on curved waveguide Bragg gratings

We propose a method for miniaturization of filters based on curved waveguide Bragg gratings, so that long structures can be packed into a small area on a chip. This eliminates the stitching errors introduced in the fabrication process, which compromise the performance of long Bragg gratings. Our approach relies on cascading curved waveguide Bragg gratings with the same radius of curvature. An analytical model for the analysis of these devices was developed, and a filter based on this model was designed and fabricated in a silicon on insulator platform. The filter had a total length of 920μm, occupied an area of 190μm×114μm, and exhibited a stop band of 1.7nm at 1.55μm and an extinction ratio larger than 23dB.     

基于Vega的红外图像仿真

介绍了红外成像仿真的基本理论,讨论了利用Vega传感器模块将输入的可见目标图像生成红外图像的技术。该技术使用Creator软件进行三维几何建模和纹理映射,使用TMM软件进行红外材质建模;然后,用Mat软件进行大气衰减的计算;最后,用SensorWorks软件进行传感器特性建模,通过光电转换生成红外图像。以阿帕奇AH6直升机为例进行了红外图像仿真,结果表明,利用Vega传感器模块进行传感器建模,建模效果较好,成本低,易于工程实现。     

基于线阵CCD的空间相机实时检焦系统研究

实时精密检调焦技术是空间相机必不可少的重要组成部分,它直接影响相机的成像质量。如何对焦面位置进行检测是精密检调焦技术的核心。基于线阵CCD的空间相机实时检焦系统是用线阵CCD作为光采样元件,结合特殊设计的精密自准直检焦光学系统,实现对空间相机焦面位置的精确检测,并通过实验验证,达到较为理想的结果。     

基于时标系统的条纹相机动态畸变

针对神光Ⅲ原型实验中出现的动态畸变现象,开展了条纹相机动态成像特性研究。结合实验图像,利用CST Particle Studio软件模拟了强信号下变像管的成像过程,结果表明：在强信号下,变像管的空间电荷效应会造成电子束聚焦点与理想成像面距离减小,使得图像的放大倍数变小,产生信号弯曲现象,并且这一现象随着电流强度的增加更为明显。     

Real-time camera pose estimation based on volleyball court view

The use of technology in sports has increased in recent years. One of the most influential of these technologies is referee support systems. Team sports such as volleyball require accurate and robust tracking systems that do not affect either the players or the court. This paper introduces the application of intrinsic and extrinsic camera calibration in a 12-camera volleyball referee system. Intrinsic parameters are calculated by using the classic pinhole model and Zhang’s method. To perform extrinsic calibration in real time, the volleyball court is treated as a global calibration artifact. Calibration keypoints are defined as court-line intersections. In addition, a new keypoint detection algorithm is proposed. It enables achievement of an accurate camera pose in regard to the court. With all 12 cameras calibrated in a common coordinate system, a dynamic camera stereo pair creation is possible. Therefore, with known ball 2D image coordinates, the 3D real ball coordinates can be reconstructed and the ball trajectory can be estimated. The performance of the proposed method is tested on a synthetic data set, including 3Ds Max rendering and real data scenarios. The mean camera pose error calculated for data biased with keypoint detection errors is approximately equal to 0.013% of the measurement volume. For the real data experiment with a human hand phantom, it is possible to determine the presence of the human phantom on the basis of the ball reflection attitude.     

基于时标系统的条纹相机动态畸变

针对神光Ⅲ原型实验中出现的动态畸变现象,开展了条纹相机动态成像特性研究.结合实验图像,利用CST Particle Studio软件模拟了强信号下变像管的成像过程,结果表明:在强信号下,变像管的空间电荷效应会造成电子束聚焦点与理想成像面距离减小,使得图像的放大倍数变小,产生信号弯曲现象,并且这一现象随着电流强度的增加更为明显.     

基于图像分析的摄像头轴偏量标定方法

针对摄像头在焦距调节过程中,视频图像的中心点在物体上滑移的问题,进行了理论建模分析,将传统的分段测量、曲线拟合的解决方法进行了改进,提出了一种基于图像分析的轴偏量的标定方法,利用矩形图像确定不同焦距下摄像头的轴偏量,并在实验验证中进行了优化处理。结果表明,本方法可以较为精确地标定出摄像头轴偏量,经过修正补偿后的摄像头,轴偏抖动可以控制在视场角的0.6%,可以满足较高精度闭环跟踪场合的要求。     

基于ZEMAX的手机摄像镜头设计

在光学工程软件ZEMAX的辅助下,配套采用像元大小为1.75μm的CMOS图像传感器,设计了一款500万像素的手机镜头,镜头视场角60°,F/#2.8,半像高2.87 mm,镜头总长为6 mm,镜头为3P1G结构,第1、3、4片镜片采用非球面塑料,第2片镜片采用球面透镜。各个视场的横向像差均小于20μm,均方根半径(RMS Radius)都在艾利斑之内,在1/2奈奎斯特频率处绝大部分视场MTF值都大于0.6,可以获得优质的成像效果。     

Solitary waves on a curved space-time

A nonlinear partial differential equation is derived which admits plane solitary waves on a conformally flat Riemannian space-time. The metric is determined by the amplitude of these waves. By interpreting these solitary waves as particles we arrive at the following picture: these particles are confined to regions exhibiting singular (very large) amplitudes in an otherwise continuous wavetrain. There is, thus, no distinction between the notion of a particle and that of a wave.     

车载摄像平台序列图像快速拼接方法

 针对车载摄像平台序列图像拼接中存在畸变、数据量大的问题,提出一种车载摄像平台序列图像快速拼接方法。首先对图像进行预处理来消除畸变的影响,然后对图像检测SURF特征点,定义特征点匹配率作为图像的相似性度量,根据特征点匹配率提取关键帧,再采用改进的配准策略得到全局配准模型,避免了配准误差的累积,最后采用一种最大值融合法得到序列图像的拼接图。实验结果表明：该方法具有较强的鲁棒性、更为快速。