Triterpene and steroid glycosides of the genusMelilotus and their genins III. Funkioside B and protodioscin from the seeds ofMelilotus tauricus

Two steroid glycosides belonging to the furostan series — funkioside B and protodioscin — have been isolated from the seeds of the plantMelilotus tauricus (Bieb.).Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 766–770, November–December, 1994.     

Triterpene and steroid glycosides of the genusMelilotus and their genins IV. Trillin and dioscin from the seeds ofMelilotus tauricus

Two steroid glycosides belonging to the spirostan series — trillin and dioscin — have been isolated from the seeds of the plantMelilotus tauricus (Bieb.) Ser.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 770–772, November–December, 1994.     

Gaigranin and gaigrandin — New sesquiterpene lactones fromGaillardia grandiflora

Two new sesquiterpene lactones — gaigranin and gaigrandin — have been isolated from the epigeal part ofGaillardia grandiflora, and their structures have been established on the basis of spectral (IR, PMR,¹³C NMR, and mass) characteristics and x-ray structural analysis.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 79–85, January–February, 1995. Original article submitted October 7, 1994.     

New sesquiterpene quinones from marine sponges of the order dictyoceratida

Isospongiaquinone and a new sesquiterpene quinone — dictyoceratidaquinone — have been isolated from a dictyoceratidan marine sponge. Ilimaquinone and the new aminoquinone, a sesquiterpenylamylaminohydroxyquinone, have been isolated from a spongeSpongia sp. Synthetic analogs of natural aminoquinones have been obtained by replacing the methoxy group in ilimaquinone and isospongiaquinone by an amine group.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 47–51, January–February, 1990.     

Alkaloids of a new type fromSophora alopecuroides L.

Summary The structures of aloperine and allylaloperine (fromSophora alopecuroides L.) — alkaloids of a new structural type for the genusSophora — have been established by chemical and spectral methods. A number of parameters, NMR spectra, and mass spectra characterizing this class of compounds has been obtained. The partial synthesis of allylaloperine has been performed.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 30–37, January–February, 1975.     

Steroid glycosides. XIX. A chemical study of funkiosides E and G from the leaves ofFunkia ovata

Summary 1. Gitogenin, diosgenin, kogagenin, ruscogenin, and tokorogenin have been isolated for the first time fromFunkia ovata Spr.2. Structures of two new steroid glycosides — funkiosides E and G — have been determined.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR, Kishinev. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 69–72, January–February, 1977.     

Diterpene lactones and iridoid glycosides of plants of the genusLagochilus

The structure of the diterpenoid lagohirsin, found not only in the plant Lagochilus hirsutissimus but also inL. setulosus andL. olgae, has been confirmed by independent synthesis. In L. hirsutissimus new mono- and diacetyllagohirsins have been found together with lagohirsin itself. Iridoid glycosides — harpagide and its 8-O acetate — have been found for the first time in plants of the genus Lagochilus.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 33–37, January–February, 1994.     

Fractionation and composition of the carbohydrates ofFicus carica

The fractional compositions of the carbohydrates of the four most promising varieties ofFicus carica L. — Smena, Kadota, Chumlakuri mtsvane, and Turetskii korichnevyi — have been investigated. The qualitative and quantitative monosaccharide compositions of the carbohydrates isolated have been determined. The bulk of the dry matter of the fruit consists of ethanol-soluble oligosaccharides — up to 74.53%. The composition of the residue obtained after the fractionation of the carbohydrates has been studied. It contains ligin bound to mineral elements.N. V. Lomonosov Odessa Technological Institute of the Food Industry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 673–677, November–December, 1986.     

Diterpenes ofLagochilus pubescens

Summary Compounds synthesized previously — di-O-isopropylidenelagochilin, di-O-acetyl-3,18-O-isopropylidenelagochilin, and 3,18-O-isopropylidenelagochilin — have been isolated for the first time from the plantLagochilus pubescens, and some supplementations have been made to their physicochemical constants.A new diterpene compound has been isolated for which, on the basis of IR, PMR, and mass spectra and chemical transformations, the structure of 16-O-acetyl-3,18-O-isopropylidenelagochilin is proposed.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 46–49, January–February, 1977.     

Coumarins and esters ofFerula microcarpa

Summary 1. In addition to known compounds, a new terpenoid coumarin has been isolated fromFerula microcarpa — fecarpin, which is the stereoisomer of kamolol in relation to the orientation of the hydroxy group.2. Microferin and microferinin — esters of a new guaiane alcohol microferol with p-hydroxybenzoic and vanillic acids, respectively — have been isolated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 566–570, September–October, 1978.     

Alkaloids ofNitraria komarovii nitraricine and nitrarizine nitrarizine

Two new alkaloids — nitraricine and nitraricine — have been isolated from the epigeal part ofNitraria komarovii.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 95–99, January–February, 1995. Original article submitted October 10, 1994.     

Synthesis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers of marine origin

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers — antimicrobial metabolites of the marine spongeDysidea fragilis — have been obtained by the reaction of 2,3,5-tribromonitrobenzene with 3,5-dibromo-2-methoxyphenol and the reaction of brominated diphenyliodonium salts with brominated phenols.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 352–354, May–June, 1993.     

Alkaloids ofNitraria komarovii. IV. Total synthesis of komarovine and komarovidine

Two alkaloids of a new type — komarovine and komarovidine — have been isolated from the epigeal part of theNitraria komarovii. Their structures — 3-(quinolin-8'-yl)--carboline and 3-(quinolin-8'-yl)-5,6-dihydro--carboline, respectively — have been established by synthesis.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 192–195, March–April, 1981.     

Steroid saponins and sapogenins ofAllium. XX. Structure of karatavisoides E and F

The structures of two new steroid glycosides of the spirostan series isolated from inflorescences of the plantAllium karataviense Rgl. (family Alliaceae) — karataviosides E and F — have been shown on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 69–73, January–February, 1984.     

Alkaloids ofNitraria komarovii. XV. Vasicinone and deoxyvasicinone N-oxides

Two new alkaloids have been isolated from the epigeal part ofNitraria komarovii — the N-oxides of vasicinone and of deoxyvasicinone. Their structures have been established on the basis of spectral results and chemical transformations.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 580–582, July–August, 1993.     

Ecdysteroids of a culture of tissues and cells ofAjuga turkestanica

The possibility has been studied of obtaining ecdysteroids — ecdysterone and turkesterone — with the aid of a culture of the tissues and cells of the plantAjuga turkestanica. Conditions have been selected under which the yield of ecdysteroids in the culture of tissues and cells is comparable with amounts of the same substances in the organs of the whole plant.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 51–52, January–February, 1990.     

The structures of juniferin and juniferinin

Summary Two new esters of the new sesquiterpene alcohol juniferol — juniferin and juniferinin — have been isolated from the roots ofFerula juniperina. On the basis of the products of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics the structure of 2,5-dihydroxy-1,1,4,8-tetramethylcycloundeca-3,7-diene has been proposed for juniferol.It has been shown that juniferin is 5-O-vanilloyljuniferol, and juniferinin is 2-O-acetyl-5-O-p-hydroxybenoyljuniferol.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 790–796, November–December, 1977.     

Low-molecular-mass metabolites of fungi iV. The structures of stachybotrin a and stachybotral

The structures of another two metabolites of the microscopic fungusStachybotris alternans—stachybotrin A and stachybotral—have been established on the basis of their spectral characteristics.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashken,, fax (3712) 406475. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 103–107, January–February, 1999.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genusRhaponticum polypodin B 22-O-benzoate fromRhaponticum carthamoides

A known ecdysteroid — -ecdysone- and a new phytoecdysteroid — polypodin B-22-O-benzoate — have been isolated from the seeds ofRhaponticum carthamoides (Willa) Iljin. Alkaline hydrolysis of the latter gave polypodin B. Its structure has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 851–853, November–December, 1997.     

Polysaccharides ofEremurus. X. Characteristics of the polysaccharides ofEremurus lactiflorus andE. luteus

Water-soluble polysaccharides have been isolated from two species ofEremurus — E. lactiflorus andE. luteus — with yields of 13.5% and 20.5%, respectively. They contained mainly glucose and mannose in ratios of 1:5 and 1:3.1. The polysaccharides ofE. lactiflorus were separated from a column of DEAE-cellulose. The yield of neutral fraction was 10.3%. Gel filtration of the polysaccharides on Sephadex G-200 showed their polydispersity. Homogeneous fractions were obtained by fractional precipitation with ethanol. They have been characterized with respect to monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and IR spectra.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 604–608, September–October, 1979.