Phlomoside D — an iridoid glycoside fromPhlomis regelii

A new iridoid – phlomoside D- has been isolated from the epigeal organs ofPhlomis regelii (M. Pop). Its structure has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 551–553, July–August, 1996. Original article submitted February 5, 1996.     

Berberis alkaloids. XXXVII. Investigation of the alkaloids ofB. oblongata andB. integerrima. Crystal structure of 8-trichloromethyldihydroberberine

Two species of Berberis have yielded 10 isoquinoline alkaloids. In addition to known bases, two artifacts have been isolated — 8-trichloromethyldihydroberberine (I) and 8-trichloromethyldihydropalmatine. An x-ray structural analysis has been made of (1).Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 889–893, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted April 15, 1996.     

Berberis Alkaloids XXXVIII. Turcamine — A new isoquinoline alkaloid fromBerberis turcomanica

The new isoquinoline alkaloid turcamine (1) has been isolated from the leaves ofBerberis turcomanica, and its structure has been established as 8-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyltetrahydroisoquinoline. A relationship has been found between a substituent at C-8 and the multiplicities of the signals from C-5 and C-6.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 894–896, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted April 15, 1996.     

Berberis alkaloids XXXVI. Turcomanidine — A new alkaloid fromBerberis turcomanica

The alkaloid composition of the leaves ofBerberis turcomanica has been studied. Together with known 1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, we isolated a new one — turcomanidine, the structure of which has been established by chemical transformations and a study of spectral characteristics. Of the known alkaloids, N-methylcorydaldine has been detected in plants of the Berberis genus for the first time.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 885–888, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted March 4, 1996.     

Phlomoside C — an iridoid glycoside fromPhlomis regelii

A new iridoid — phlomoside C — has been isolated from the epigeal part ofPhlomis regelii M. Pop. Its structure has been established on the basis of spectral characteristics and chemical transformations.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 554–557, July–August, 1996. Original article submitted February 5, 1996.     

Labdanoids ofMarrubium anisodon

The first chemical investigation has been made of Marrubium anisodon (fam. Lamiaceae). Two diterpenoids of the labdane type — vulgarol and manubiin — have been isolated. An x-ray analysis has been performed for the latter and its crystal amd molecular structures have been determined.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 54–58, January–February, 1996. Original article submitted December 11, 1995.     

Alkaloids ofDelphinium retropilosum

Elasine, methyllycaconitine, lycoctonine, and the new alkaloid delretine have been isolated from the plantDelphinium retropilosum, and the structure of delretine has been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 739–742, September–October, 1996. Original article submitted March 4, 1996.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of theSilene genus. XVIII. Tomentesterone fromSilene tomentella

A new ecdysteroid — tomentesterone B — has been isolated from the epigeal part of Silene tomentella. Its structure has been established by chemical transformations and spectral investigations.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 59–61, January–February, 1996. Original article submitted September 4, 1995.     

Epoxidation of alantolactone and isoalantolactone

Alantolactone and isoalantolactone have been epoxidized with peracetic, m-chloroperbenzoic, and trifluoroperacetic acids. The structure of 4(15)--epoxyisoalactone has been established by an x-ray structural investigation.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 879–884, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted May 20, 1996.     

Modifications based on coumarins I. Synthesis of monoesters of karatavikic and galbanic acids with sucrose

The synthesis has been achieved of water-soluble 6-O-monoesters of sucrose with natural coumarins — karatavikic and galvanic acids — by the transesterifacation of their methyl esters with sucrose. The structures of the compounds obtained have been confirmed by IR, UV, PMR, and¹³C NMR spectroscopies.A. B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, fax 61 57 65. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 541–544, July–August, 1996. Original article submitted January 30, 1996.     

Isolation and some properties of glucose isomerase from a hybrid strain ofStreptomyces atratus

A highly effective easily reproducible method of obtaining high purity preparations of glucose isomerase from initial and hybrid strains of Streptomyces atratus has been developed. Two enzymes have been characterized, with molecular masses of 160 and 120 kDa, isoelectric points of 5.2 and 5.0, pH optima of 8.0 and 9.0, and temperature optima of 80 and 90°C, respectively. The activity of glucose isomerase preparations obtained by purification from a hybrid strain of Streptomyces atratus was 60–70% greater than that of analogous preparations from the initial parental strain.Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 417129 Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 903–907, November–December, 1996. Original article submitte March 11, 1996.     

Biotransformation of benzoylheteratisine in the animal organism and biological activity of its main metabolite

Abstact The metabolism of the alkaloid benzoylheteratisine in the animal organism has been studied and it has been shown that its main metabolic product is heteratisine. In experiments on various models of arrhythmia the antiarrhythmic activity of heteratisine proved to be lower than that of benzoylheteratisine.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 391–393, May–June, 1996. Original article submitted March 4, 1996.     

Plant polysaccharides XVI. Mannan fromUngernia ferganica and its biological activity

A mannan has been isolated from the bulbs ofUngernia ferganica Vved., and its qualitative chemical composition, the nature of the bond between the hexose residues, and the form of the molecule have been determined. It has been established that the mannan is a relatively nontoxic compound and exhibits a pronounced hypolipidemic activity both in intact animals and in animals with experimental hyperlipidemia.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkennt, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 690–692, September–October, 1996. Original article submitted February 14, 1996.     

Quantum-chemical study of the spiropiperidine alkaloids ofNitraria I. Intramolecular hydrogen bonds and chemical properties of nitramine and isonitramine

Preferential conformations have been found for nitramine and isonitramine on the basis of quantum-chemical calculations of various conformational states. The results obtained have been correlated with spectral characteristics and chemical properties.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 897–902, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted May 6, 1996.     

Pheromones of insects and their analogs LIII. Synthesis of ferrulactone I —a pheromone ofCryptolestes ferrugineus

8-Acetoxy-3, 7-dimethyl-l-(phenylsulfonylacetoxy)octa-2E, 6E-diene has been synthesized, and its cyclization under the action of zerovalent palladium followed by desulfurization with the aid of sodium amalgam has led to ferrulactone I — one of the macrolide components of the aggregation pheromone of the rust-red grain beetle (Cryptolestes ferrugineus).Institute of Organic Chemistry, Urals Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa pr. Oktyabrya, 71. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 932–935, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted May 27, 1996.     

Phlomoside B - An iridoid glycoside fromPhlomis regelii

A new iridoid — phlomoside B — has been isolated from the epigeal part of the plantPhlomis regelii (M. Pop.). Its structure has been established on the basis of spectral investigations and chemical transformations.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 46–49, January–February, 1996. Original article submitted September 17, 1995.     

Structural-functional characteristics of toxins from spiders of the araneidae family

With the aid of a series of chromatographic operations we have isolated 14 individual tow-molecular-mass compounds (M_T — 624-744 Da) blocking postsynaptic glutamate and acetylcholine receptors from the venoms of species of spiders of the family Araneidae. It has been shown that from their structural characteristics and the nature of their action they can be divided into two families differing by their chromophoric groups and the degree of reversibility of their interaction with various receptors.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 916–920, November–December, 1996. Original article submitted March 18, 1996.     

Synthesis of dodec-10E-enyl acetate — the sex pheromone ofPhyllonorycter blancardella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Dodec-10E-enyl acetate has been synthesized from undecenoic acid. Field trials have shown its high attractiveness for Phyilonorycter blancardella males.Institute of Biological Plant Protection, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Kishinev. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 96–98, January–February, 1996. Original article submitted April 17, 1995.     

Pheromones of insects and their analogs. LII. Sythesis of dodec-9-en-1-yl and tetradec-11-en-1-yl acetates from the products of the partial ozonolysis of cycloocta-1z,5z-diene and cyclodeca-1e,5z-diene

A new approach to the synthesis of octane-1, 8- and decane-1,10-diols based on the partial ozonolysis of cyclic oligomers has been developed.Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, 450075, Ufa–75, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 141. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 403–406, May–June, 1996. Original article submitted December 5, 1995.     

Detection of diol lipids in plants of the Elaeagnaceae family and the properties of their synthetic analogs

The compositions of the alcohols of the triacylglycerol fraction of the fruit ofHippophae rhamnoides and of the seeds ofElaeagnus angustifolia have been determined. The behavior under the action of pancreatic lipase of synthetic analogs of the diol compounds detected has been studied.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 697–700, September–October, 1996. Original article submitted February 12, 1996.