广东建成转基因食品及食品毒害物质检验站

不久前,广东省转基因食品及食品毒害物质检验站在广东省质检中心顺德基地顺利建成。该站设有食品应急检测技术研究室,具备我国28大类QS市场准入食品的项目检测能力,将重点对食品及相关产品的有效成分、毒害物质、食品真实属性表征与识别进行检测和技术研究。     

四川省重点河段水环境安全性评价

为研究四川省重点河段水环境的安全性,利用综合评价指数法和模糊综合评价决策的数学模型对主要水系干流和支流河段的水质安全性做出了评价.结果显示,岷江流域的水质安全性较差,主要的污染物为重金属汞和铁,沱江和涪江流域的水质安全性较好.     

一滴溶液可测出转基因成分

仅用一小滴溶液,2h内就可检测出食品中是否“深藏”转基因成分。由中国商检研究所等10家检验检疫单位共同研制、开发的50个转基因产品检测行业标准配套试剂盒,不久前通过专家鉴定。     

论中药的安全性及有效性评价

讨论了中药的安全性和中药药理评价问题,提出应重视中药的安全性。     

化学品安全性快速评价方法

简要评述了化学品安全性的传统评价方法。详细介绍了一种快速评价化学品安全性的重要方法——诱变性测试法。该方法选用几种标准(或特定)的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)作为观察对象来研究待测化学品对菌株的诱变情况，以菌株回复突变的数目表征待测化学品的诱变性。当回复突变数目为零剂量(化学品)的2倍以上时，所测定化学品具有诱变性。具有诱变性的化学品为不安全化学品。     

食品添加剂与食品安全

食品添加剂是食品工业的重要组成部分,对食品的生产和质量改善起至关重要的作用。随着食品工业的发展以及人们生活水平的提高,食品添加剂的研究和安全性评价越来越受到关注。本文较系统地介绍了食品添加剂的作用、分类,以及食品添加剂的安全性问题,综述了食品添加剂的发展趋势。     

“转基因油脂的安全性研究”项目通过验收

国家社会公益资金研究课题“转基因油脂的安全性研究”项目不久前在西安通过国家粮食局专家组的验收。在听取了各项实验结果的报告后，专家们一致认为，该项目填补了国内转基因油脂食用安全性研究的空白，技术属国内领先。     

食品中化学添加剂的功能与风险控制

食品中的化学添加剂是指由化学方法合成的一类食品添加剂。本文探讨了食品中化学添加剂产生和发展的原因,指出化学合成的食品添加剂是天然物质群的一种补充与完善,概述了化学合成食品添加剂的一般性质和功能,介绍了食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)、美国、欧盟和中国对食品添加剂进入市场前的安全性评价程序和方法,以及美国、欧盟和中国在化学添加剂投入使用后实施监督管理的机构、法律依据、质量标准等,总结了影响食品中化学添加剂安全风险控制的主要因素,最后在此基础上,提出如何从政府、企业、科研三方面完善风险控制体系和有效保障食品安全的建议。     

澳大利亚开始推行“非转基因”认证

近日澳大利亚成立了一家针对非转基因(GMO-free)食品认证的机构——GMO-ID澳大利亚,该公司是澳大利亚HACCP国际认证有限公司下属的子公司,自1998年来就专门从事食品行业的产品认证,该公司将在澳大利亚和太平洋地区使用"Cert ID Non GMO"(Cert ID)认证体系。     

Prevalence of Genetically Modified Rice, Maize, and Soy in Saudi Food Products

Qualitative and quantitative DNA-based methods were applied to detect genetically modified foods in samples from markets in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Two hundred samples were collected from Al-Qassim, Riyadh, and Mahdina in 2009 and 2010. GMOScreen 35S and NOS test kits for the detection of genetically modified organism varieties in samples were used. The positive results obtained from GMOScreen 35S and NOS were identified using specific primer pairs. The results indicated that all rice samples gave negative results for the presence of 35S and NOS terminator. About 26 % of samples containing soybean were positive for 35S and NOS terminator and 44 % of samples containing maize were positive for the presence of 35S and/or NOS terminator. The results showed that 20.4 % of samples was positive for maize line Bt176, 8.8 % was positive for maize line Bt11, 8.8 % was positive for maize line T25, 5.9 % was positive for maize line MON 810, and 5.9 % was positive for StarLink maize. Twelve samples were shown to contain <3 % of genetically modified (GM) soy and 6 samples >10 % of GM soy. Four samples containing GM maize were shown to contain >5 % of GM maize MON 810. Four samples containing GM maize were shown to contain >1 % of StarLink maize. Establishing strong regulations and certified laboratories to monitor GM foods or crops in Saudi market is recommended.     

石墨烯及其衍生物在食品安全监测中的应用

综述了近年来石墨烯及其衍生物构建的传感器在食品基本组成成分、食品添加剂以及食品中残留的农药、重金属、抗生素等物质分析与监测方面的应用,并展望了石墨烯的发展与应用前景。     

MOF-Based Mycotoxin Nanosensors for Food Quality and Safety Assessment through Electrochemical and Optical Methods

Mycotoxins in food are hazardous for animal and human health, resulting in food waste and exacerbating the critical global food security situation. In addition, they affect commerce, particularly the incomes of rural farmers. The grave consequences of these contaminants require a comprehensive strategy for their elimination to preserve consumer safety and regulatory compliance. Therefore, developing a policy framework and control strategy for these contaminants is essential to improve food safety. In this context, sensing approaches based on metal-organic frameworks (MOF) offer a unique tool for the quick and effective detection of pathogenic microorganisms, heavy metals, prohibited food additives, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), toxins, veterinary medications, and pesticide residues. This review focuses on the rapid screening of MOF-based sensors to examine food safety by describing the main features and characteristics of MOF-based nanocomposites. In addition, the main prospects of MOF-based sensors are highlighted in this paper. MOF-based sensing approaches can be advantageous for assessing food safety owing to their mobility, affordability, dependability, sensitivity, and stability. We believe this report will assist readers in comprehending the impacts of food jeopardy exposure, the implications on health, and the usage of metal-organic frameworks for detecting and sensing nourishment risks.     

Genetically Modified Starch as an Industrial Raw Material

Abstract

Starch is an important raw material for industrial applications, both for food and nonfood purposes. Of particular interest is the use of starch as a nonpetroleum chemical stock for the manufacture of biodegradable polymers. Annual EC starch production is nearing 10 million tons, with 80% from cereals and 20% from potatoes, and grows at 4?5% annually. The potential for genetically modified starch is considered very high. Such starch offers significant advantages: 1) chemical modifications, which are expensive and environmentally hazardous, are replaced; 2) novel carbohydrates can be produced.     

转基因产品分析方法的研究进展

简要介绍了转基因产品的发展历程、优缺点以及对转基因产品进行检测分析的迫切性,着重综述了近期基于DNA、蛋白质、生物传感器以及联用技术检测转基因产品的分析方法,最后对转基因产品的分析方法进行了展望.     

食品质量安全——问题与对策

分析了我国食品质量安全中存在的问题 ,建议在食品污染源化学物质和药残的监测与监控 ,食源性病原微生物污染的分子监控 ,以及能与国际接轨的相应技术标准规范与方法学方面进一步采取有效措施并加强相应的基础研究。     

食品接触材料中高锰酸钾消耗量检测能力验证实施及应用评价

面对日趋完善的食品接触材料卫生标准体系,为掌握高锰酸钾消耗量测定的技术要求,做好相应合规性判定,充分发挥能力验证对检验检测机构技术能力监督和质量提升的作用,该文进行了食品接触用塑料材料及制品中高锰酸钾消耗量的测定能力验证。通过定制棕色塑料食品包装瓶作为相关能力验证样品,依据相关标准要求进行均匀性、稳定性评价,对回收结果采用稳健统计技术算法A确定指定值和能力评定标准差,并对可能产生不满意结果的影响因素进行了分析。192家参与该项能力验证的实验室中有179家结果为满意,满意率为93.2%;12家实验室结果为不满意,占6.3%;1家实验室结果为可疑,占0.5%。总体结果较好,个别实验室出现的不合格结果可通过本次能力验证分析查找原因,达到提高实验室相应检测能力的目的。     

DNA Degradation of Genetically Modified Cottonseed Meal During Feed Processing

The effects of dry heating, wet heating, and extrusion on the degradation of DNA in cottonseed meal (CSM) were studied using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR approach. Both the sad1 DNA, ranging between 128 and 883 bp in size, and the cry1Ab/c gene, ranging between 183 and 652 bp in size, were detectable in all dry-heated CSM and cottonseed. During wet heating, the sad1 gene (≥883 bp) and the cry1Ab/c (≥952 bp) gene were thoroughly degraded at 105 and 120 °C, respectively. Sizes from 128 to 530 bp for the sad1 gene and sizes from 183 to 652 bp for the cry1Ab/c gene were detected during extrusion at temperatures ranging from 75 to 135 °C. Fragments ≤883 bp for the sad1 gene and ≤952 bp for the cry1Ab/c gene were detected in all of the extruded samples with water content varying between 26 and 34 %. The copy number ratio of cry1Ab/c to sad1 in samples of Bt cottonseed meal decreased rapidly when the temperature increased during the heating process. In conclusion, feed processing markedly degrades the larger DNA fragments of sad1 and cry1Ab/c, with high temperature and water content being the main factors for that degradation.