乳胶C-H面外摇摆振动模式ATR二维红外光谱研究

在303~393K温度范围内,采用变温傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)技术,研究了乳胶的分子结构。实验发现:在3500~600cm~(-1)的频率范围内,乳胶主要存在着C-H伸缩振动模式(ν_(C-H))、C=C双键伸缩振动模式(ν_(C=C))、CH_2弯曲振动模式(δ_(CH2))、CH_3弯曲振动模式(δ_(CH3_)和双键上C-H面外摇摆振动模式(ω_(C-H))等五种。本文主要以乳胶ω_(C-H)为研究对象,进一步开展相关二维红外光谱的研究,考查温度对于乳胶分子结构的影响。研究发现:乳胶ω_(C-H)在837cm~(-1)和841cm~(-1)频率处有红外吸收峰,而随着测定温度的升高,乳胶ωC-H红外吸收强度的变化快慢顺序为:837cm~(-1)841cm~(-1)。此项研究拓展了ATR-FTIR技术在乳胶热变性方面的研究范围。     

聚四氟乙烯F-C-F弯曲振动二维红外光谱研究

在303~393K的温度范围内,分别测定聚四氟乙烯F-C-F弯曲振动模式(δ_(CF2(PTFE)))的一维红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱、四阶导数红外光谱和去卷积红外光谱。研究发现:640和620cm~(-1)附近的吸收峰归属于F-C-F面外摇摆振动模式(ω_(CF2-A)和ω_(CF2-B)),550cm~(-1)附近的吸收峰归属于F-C-F剪式振动模式(δ_(CF2)),而500cm~(-1)附近的吸收峰则归属于F-C-F面内摇摆振动模式(ρ_(CF2))。最后研究了聚四氟乙烯二维红外光谱。研究发现:随着测定温度的升高,δ_(CF2(PTFE))吸收强度变化快慢的顺序为:550cm~(-1)(δ_(CF2))500cm~(-1)(ρ_(CF2))620cm~(-1)(ω_(CF2-B))640cm~(-1)(ω_(CF2-A))。本项研究拓展了二维红外光谱技术在聚四氟乙烯材料热变性的方面的研究范围。     

等规聚丙烯结晶谱带二维红外光谱学研究

在1000~800cm-1频率范围内,分别采用一维红外光谱法、二阶导数红外光谱法和四阶导数红外光谱法测定了聚丙烯的结构。研究发现:809cm-1、841cm-1、900cm-1和998cm-1频率处的四个红外吸收峰均归属于等规聚丙烯晶体红外吸收谱带(δcrystalline)。进一步采用二维红外光谱法研究了温度对聚丙烯δcrystalline的影响。研究发现,随着测定温度的升高(30~120℃),聚丙烯分子中δcrystalline红外吸收强度变化快慢顺序为:998cm-1841cm-1900cm-1809cm-1。此项研究显示出二维红外光谱技术在聚丙烯高分子材料热变性分析中的重大作用。     

基于二维相关中红外光谱技术的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯检测研究

利用二维相关红外光谱技术对正己烷中常用塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的浓度变化进行了检测研究。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对溶于正己烷中的DBP进行检测,得到742,1 078,1 123,1 281,1 467,1 728,2 873,2 933和2 961cm~(-1)特征吸收峰。将红外光谱分为三个波段400~1 200,1 200~1 900和2 900~4 000cm~(-1),通过二维相关光谱分析技术得知在1 123cm~(-1)波段(苯环面外摇摆及O-—C—O单键伸缩运动)、1 728cm~(-1)(C—O双键的伸缩运动)、2 873和2 961cm~(-1)(CH3伸缩运动)以及3 436cm~(-1)(苯环C—H的面内伸缩运动)对DBP浓度变化比较敏感。结合红外光谱宏观指纹技术以及二维相关光谱分析方法,能够较准确的分析出正己烷中的DBP的浓度变化,为食品中塑化剂含量的检测以及研究塑化剂的迁移规律提供了新的思路和方法。     

三例同构稀土/钨氧簇化合物二维红外相关光谱研究

多酸化合物(POMs)是一类重要的多金属氧簇,由过渡金属在其高氧化态(V~Ⅴ, Nb~Ⅴ, Ta~Ⅴ,Mo~Ⅵ,Mo~Ⅴ及W~Ⅵ)与氧桥联的簇阴离子组成。在前人研究基础(H_2en)_2{SiW_(11)O_(39)Sm(H_2O)_2}·(H_3O)·6H_2O之上,改变稀土盐,成功合成了与其同构的三例晶体(H_2en)_2{SiW_(11)O_(39)Ln(H_2O)_2}·(H_3O)·6H_2O[Ln=Ce(1), Pr(2), Nd(3)], X-射线单晶衍射实验测得四者属于三斜晶系,■空间群,晶胞参数一致,表明它们晶体结构相同; X-射线粉末衍射实验显示四者峰位相同,表明物相一致。此类同构的晶体,由于簇阴离子相同,仅取代的稀土离子不同,在许多表征方式上,显示出类似的现象,例如一维红外光谱吸收曲线相似,在1 039, 949, 889和787 cm~(-1)均出现了归属于Keggin簇阴离子骨架的振动吸收,在3 600～3 300和1 600～1 630 cm~(-1)附近均出现ν_(as)(O—H)及δ(O—H)的吸收峰,在3 277, 2 927和2 855 cm~(-1)内均出现了乙二胺配体N—H和C—H伸缩振动峰。但是磁微扰下的二维红外相关光谱,磁性粒子对磁场响应很敏感,热微扰下的二维红外相关光谱,易于捕捉氢键振动模式的细微变化。因此,二维红外光谱可以用于精细测定分子结构,并且此类同构钨氧簇合物的二维红外光谱对比分析还未见报道。磁微扰下的二维红外相关光谱,化合物1在468, 560和810 cm~(-1)出现响应峰,分别归属于ν_(as)(Ce—O),骨架ν(W—O),ν_(as)(W—O_b)。化合物2在450,464和475 cm~(-1)出现ν_(as)(Pr—O), 570和675 cm~(-1)处响应峰归属于骨架ν(W—O)。化合物3在452, 468和472 cm~(-1)处响应峰归属于ν_(as)(Nd—O), 518, 533, 545, 565和695 cm~(-1)响应峰为骨架ν(W—O)。化合物1, 2, 3归属于骨架ν(W—O)的响应峰数目增多,这是由于磁微扰下的二维红外光谱, Ce~(3+), Pr~(3+), Nd~(3+)价电子组态分别为4f~1, 4f~2, 4f~3,价电子数增加,磁性粒子Ln~(3+)对邻近W—O键影响变大。热微扰下的二维红外相关光谱,化合物1, 2, 3均在400 cm~(-1)左右出现了ν_(as)(Ln—O)响应峰, 810, 860和940 cm~(-1)左右均出现了ν_(as)(W—O_b)和ν_(as)(W—O_d)的响应峰,这是由于三个化合物的簇骨架相同,氢键相同。但是化合物1, 2, 3的ν_(as)(W—O)振动响应最强峰分别出现在810, 850和855 cm~(-1),这可能由于取代在簇骨架上的Ln离子极性不同,对邻近W—O键偶极矩产生不同影响。因此通过二维红外光谱,可以很好地对此类同构的稀土取代钨氧簇的异同点进行分析。     

面粉中蛋白质二级结构的红外光谱研究

测定了不同温度下面粉蛋白质酰胺Ⅲ带的一维红外光谱,二阶导数红外光谱和去卷积红外光谱。研究发现:随着测定温度的升高,面粉蛋白质中的α-螺旋结构的、β-转角结构、无规卷曲结构和β-折叠结构红外吸收强度均有所增加。进一步研究了面粉蛋白质酰胺Ⅲ带的二维红外光谱。研究发现:随着测定温度的升高,面粉中蛋白质酰胺Ⅲ带的红外吸收强度变化快慢趋势是:1312cm-1(α-螺旋结构)1285cm-1(β-转角结构)1260cm-1(无规卷曲结构)1229cm-1(β-折叠结构)。     

二硫纶和菲咯啉二酮混配金属锰(Ⅱ), 铁(Ⅱ), 钴(Ⅱ)配合物的红外光谱与配位模式

报道了新近合成的二氰基二硫纶和菲咯啉-5,6-二酮混配锰(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)及钴(Ⅱ)配合物MLL′(L=mnt2-,1,2-二氰基乙烯-1,2-二硫醇离子;L′=phen-5,6-dione,菲咯啉-5,6-二酮)红外-远红外光谱实验数据。在红外及远红外光谱中,特征ν(CN),ν(CO),ν(CC),ν(CN),ν(C—S),ν(M—S),ν(M—N)吸收较强,远红外光谱表明配合物中M—S键比M—N键强。利用群论方法分析了标题配合物MLL′的简正坐标和配位模式,探讨了这类配合物的红外光谱与结构的关系。标题配合物中过渡金属离子与二氰基二硫纶和菲咯啉二酮形成四配位的畸变四面体构型,其对称性近似于C2和C2V。     

硬脂酸亚甲基面内摇摆振动二维红外光谱研究

在293~393K温度范围内,分别采用一维红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱和二维红外光谱测定硬脂酸亚甲基面内摇摆振动(ρCH2)。实验发现:在700~750cm-1范围内,硬脂酸ρCHα存在"第一特征谱带"和未见文献报道的"第二特征谱带"。并进一步研究了温度对于硬脂酸ρCH2红外吸收强度及变化顺序的影响。     

甲苯胺蓝的变温红外光谱研究

甲苯胺蓝(Toluidine blue,TB)是一种重要的生物染色剂和光敏剂。采用红外光谱研究了TB在25—250℃区间内的分子热稳定性。在25—160℃区间内TB的红外吸收光谱没有明显变化,表明其分子结构在此温度区间保持稳定。在160—248℃区间内,随着温度的升高TB在3687、3429、1832cm~(-1)和1756cm~(-1)处的吸收峰逐渐下降,特别是当温度升高到248℃时,这4个吸收峰迅速减小,这可能是由N—H、C=N和C=S键断裂所致。研究结果表明TB具有较宽的使用温度区间,在160℃以下具有较好的热稳定性,为TB的实际应用提供重要的参考依据。     

固相葡萄糖异构体二维红外光谱研究

采用衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)技术,研究了固相葡萄糖的结构。实验发现:固相葡萄糖同时存在着O-H伸缩振动模式(νOH),CH_2不对称伸缩振动模式(νasCH_2),CH2对称伸缩振动模式(νsCH2),CH2变角振动模式(δCH_2),C-O伸缩振动模式(νC-O),O-H面内弯曲振动模式(δOH),葡萄糖环振动模式(νⅠ)和葡萄糖环呼吸振动模式(νⅢ)等。采用二维红外光谱(2D-IR)技术,研究了固相葡萄糖νⅠ和νⅢ。实验发现:固相葡萄糖存在着α-D-(+)-吡喃葡萄糖及β-D-(+)-吡喃葡萄糖两种异构体,并进一步来研究温度变化对于固相葡萄糖异构体结构的影响。     

The Fundamental Bands in the Infrared Spectrum of Stibine (SbH3)

The infrared spectrum of stibine, SbH₃, has been recorded in the regions between 720 and 1000 cm^-1 and between 1750 and 2020 cm^-1 at a resolution of about 0.004 cm_-1. Rovibrational transitions belonging to the ν₂, ν₄ bending and ν₁, ν₃ stretching fundamental bands have been measured and assigned for both ¹²¹Sb and ¹²³Sb isotopomers. Strong perturbations due to rovibrational interactions have been observed both in the bending and in the stretching bands. Splittings of the K″=3, 6, and 9 lines have been observed and perturbation-allowed transitions with selection rules Δ (k−?)=±3, ± ±6, and ±9 have been also identified. Simultaneous analyses of transitions belonging to the ν₂/ν₄ or ν₁/ν₃ dyads have been performed. The central frequencies of the hyperfine structures of the rotational transitions in the v₂=1 and v₄=1 states, recorded in the microwave region by Fourier transform spectroscopy [H. Harder, C. Gerke, and L. Fusina, J. Chem. Phys.114, 3508-3523 (2001)], have been included in the data set. The theoretical model adopted explicitly takes into account the Coriolis interactions between the v₁=1 (A₁) and v₃=1 (E) and between the v₂=1 (A₁) and v₄=1 (E) states, including also several essential resonances within them.     

The ν1, ν2, and ν3 Band Systems of 3-Isocyano-2-propynenitrile (NCCCNC): Comparison with the ν4 System of Dicyanoacetylene

The hot bands in the ν₁, ν₂, and ν₃ band systems of NC-CC-NC (3-isocyano-2-propynenitrile) have been investigated and transitions from nv₉-levels with n up to 4 have been identified. Two weak bands have also been observed in the gas phase infrared spectrum at 2157 and 2410 cm⁻¹, of which the latter is probably 2v₄. A preliminary investigation of some analogous hot bands in the v₄ band system of the related molecule NC-CC-CN (dicyanoacetylene) is also reported.     

Synthesis,Structural and Optical Studies of Barium Strontium Titanate Borosilicate Glasses Doped with Ferric Oxide

Various barium strontium titanate borosilicate glasses were prepared by a rapid melt-quench technique. Spectroscopic studies have been carried out on investigated glasses for their structural information. Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies showed that these glasses are formed by glass-forming network of borate and silicate as well as network modifiers in the form of cations of alkaline earth atoms. The borate and silicate networks are modified by barium, strontium, titanium, and iron cations in glass matrix. The network of triborate unit is modified in tetraborate unit by adding ferric oxide in a glassy matrix. The optical studies are performed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and it confirms that the band gap decreases with increase in the concentration of ferric oxide.     

自然老化谷类种子的二维红外光谱研究

种粮老化影响种子活力及粮食品质。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR),二阶导数红外光谱(SD-IR)和二维相关红外光谱(2D-IR)方法对不同储藏年份的大麦,小麦,稻谷,玉米和高粱种子进行区分研究。结果显示,原始光谱中几个峰强比有差异;在二阶导数红外光谱中,不同储藏年份种子在1 800～800 cm-1范围内的吸收峰强度和形状显示出差异。二维相关红外光谱结果显示：大麦在1 350～1 800 cm-1,小麦,稻谷,玉米和高粱在860～1 690 cm-1范围内有明显差异,随储藏年份增加,自动峰和交叉峰的数目减少,强度减弱。结果表明,应用傅里叶变换红外光谱结合二维相关红外光谱能有效快速地区分不同储藏年份的谷类种子。     

Study of the Fundamental Bands of GeD4 by High-Resolution Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy: First Experimental Determination of the Equilibrium Bond Length of Germane

The four fundamental bands of ⁷⁰GeD₄ have been analyzed using the STDS software developed in Dijon (http://www.u-bourgogne.fr/LPUB/sTDS.html). Both infrared and Raman spectra were used to observe all fundamental bands. Infrared spectra of monoisotopic ⁷⁰GeD₄ were recorded in the regions 600 and 1500 cm⁻¹ using the Bruker 120HR interferometer at Wuppertal. The resolution (1/maximum optical path difference) was between 2.3 and 3.3×10⁻³ cm⁻¹ for the ν₃ and ν₄ infrared-active fundamental bands as well as for the interacting ν₂ band. A high-resolution stimulated Raman spectrum of the ν₁ band has been recorded in Madrid. The instrumental resolution of the Raman spectrum was 3.3×10⁻³ cm⁻¹. We have performed a global fit of the ground state, ν₂/ν₄ bending dyad, and ν₁/ν₃ stretching dyad. We have used 1146, 139, and 676 assigned lines for ν₂/ν₄, ν₁, and ν₃, respectively. The standard deviation is 2.2×10⁻³ cm⁻¹ for the bending dyad, 1.6×10⁻³ cm⁻¹ for the ν₃ infrared lines, and 1.7×10⁻³ cm⁻¹ for the ν₁ Raman lines. These results enabled us to perform the first experimental determination of the equilibrium bond length of germane as r_e=1.5173(1) Å.     

泡沫红外消光影响因素的实验研究

通过红外光谱实验和红外热成像实验,研究了影响泡沫红外消光的因素,结果表明:泡沫溶液的红外光谱特征决定红外光谱吸收峰位,且溶质浓度越高,吸收越强;泡沫结构是造成光线强烈衰减的重要原因,透射光强随光线穿过泡沫液膜界面的次数成指数衰减,泡沫直径越小,达到相同遮蔽效果的泡沫溶液的用量就越少;当泡沫直径远大于入射光线波长时,透射比随光束大小变化不大;泡沫溶液升温可在一定程度上增强泡沫的红外吸收强度.各因素影响程度从大到小的次序为:泡沫结构,红外光谱特征,内充气体折射率,泡沫直径,温度.     

Polymorphism incidence in commercial tablets of mebendazole: a vibrational spectroscopy investigation

Mebendazole is a broad spectrum anthelminthic drug, which is widely used in large scale deworming programmes. This active pharmaceutical ingredient exhibits three crystal forms, namely, polymorphs A, B, and C. Therapeutic trials suggested that the most stable form, polymorph A, is inactive. However, the dissolution test normally used as a quality control tool is not able to discriminate among the polymorphs of mebendazole. In this work, the ability of the vibrational spectroscopic techniques (mid and nearinfrared absorption and Raman scattering) for the identification of the crystal form of this compound is evaluated. On the basis of these observations, this methodology is applied to determine the polymorphs of MBZ used in the formulation of the commercial tablets available in the Brazilian and German markets. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.