NE102A+CsI(T1)+PMT中能重离子探测器望远镜

描述了由1mm厚面积为24mm×24mm的快塑料闪烁体NE102A和前表面24mm×24mm,后表面37mm×37nun,40mm厚的CsI(T1)组成的phoswich探测器望远镜的结构和性能.实验结果表明,用传统的快慢门QDC方法可清楚地分辨Z=1的同位素p、d、t和鉴别出全部探测到的碎片.     

中能重离子反应中的多单元轻粒子阵列探测器

本文描述了一个能在中能(10—100MeV/u)重离子核反应测量中鉴别轻粒子、测量粒子多重性,并能给出轻粒子能量和位置信息的大立体角(θ:5°—20°,φ0°—360°)、多单元(36单元)阵列探测器.初步调试结果表明该探测器对轻粒子(p、α等)有较好的分辨.     

α粒子在塑料探测器中的能量响应

在重离子核反应机制研究的实验中,我们用一个总覆盖角为θ_L±20°,φ_L±9°由20个快慢塑料闪烁体单元构成的ΛE-E确良Phoswich探测器系统对重离子反应中前方向出射的轻带电粒子进行了测量,并利用从加速器引出的α束流,在不同厚度的铝箔中降能后,对该探测器系统进行了能量刻度.借助一个简单的关系式成功地拟合了我们的数据.得到的α粒子能谱与硅探测器望远镜测得的α粒子能谱符合得很好.     

基于SiPM读出的塑料闪烁体探测器时间性能研究

研究了基于硅光电倍增管(SiPM)双端读出的面积为10 cm ×10 cm的薄塑料闪烁体探测器的时间性能。239Pu放射源测试结果显示:(1)在多支SiPM串连读出方式下,随着SiPM数量的增加,探测器时间分辨逐渐变好;(2)在固定12支SiPM数量不变的情况下,并联支路越多,探测器时间分辨越差;(3)采用快时间塑料闪烁体并增加其厚度,可有效提高探测器时间分辨;(4)采用比束斑尺寸更大的塑料闪烁体,可有效提高探测器时间分辨的位置均匀性;(5)对于1 mm厚的EJ232塑料闪烁体探测器,在单端12支SiPM串行连接的情况下,可获得好于131 ps的时间分辨。这一研究对RIBLL2起始时间探测器的升级改造具有重要的指导意义。     

大动态范围双维位置灵敏多叠层探测系统

描述了一种用于中能重离子核反应实验研究的大动态范围双维位置灵敏多叠层探测系统.该探测系统由纵向电场气体电离室(IC)、大面积双维位置灵敏穿透型Si探测器(PSSD)、大面积Si光敏二极管(SPD)和用光二极管读出的16单元CsI(Tl)闪烁体探测器阵列组成.用a放射源Am(5.486MeV)测得的IC、PSSD的能量分辨率分别为3%和2.6%.在25MeV/u ⁴⁰Ar诱发的核反应中,探测到的a粒子的能量动态范围为2—130MeV,此探测系统清楚地分辨出Z=2到Z=21的元素,对Z=18的Z分辨本领Z/△Z≈44.5,位置分辨为0.86±0.03mm(FWHM).     

Be(d,n)反应中子源能谱测量及应用

 利用中子飞行时间技术和BC501A液体闪烁探测器的粒子分辨特性,测量了0°方向、20 MeV氘束轰击厚金属铍靶反应产生的中子源能谱,测量的中子能谱范围为0.7～25.0 MeV。在60°方向放置芪晶体闪烁探测器,由刻度好的BC501A液体闪烁探测器归一校正后,用于中子源强度监测。利用Be(d, n) 反应中子源,采用单粒子灵敏度标定方法,实验标定了0.75~15.75 MeV能量范围内的薄膜闪烁探测器中子能量响应曲线,实验结果与蒙特卡罗模拟计算结果在8%的不确定度范围内一致。     

BESⅢ端盖TOF本征时间分辨的MC模拟

BESⅢ飞行时间探测器(端盖部分)由2×48个塑料闪烁探测器模块构成. 采用Monte Carlo模拟软件包Geant4，对该探测器测量高能带电粒子的性能进行了模拟研究. 文章讨论了最小电离粒子击中闪烁体不同位置，以及闪烁体形状，闪烁体表面覆盖材料对本征时间分辨的影响，给出了详细的模拟结果，并与宇宙线测试结果进行了比较. 为该探测器研制和工程设计提供必要的参考数据.     

TR4终端高性能探测器系统

描述了兰州中能重离子加速器TR4终端装备的高性能探测器系统的结构性能.各类探测器都达到了很好的性能指标.Si多叠层望远镜,Z/△Z～50,△E/E～0.3%.IC+PSD+SPD+CsI(T1)对数密度望远镜,Z/△Z～44.5,△x～1.7mm.棉球面反射镜结构开始时间探测器装置,△t～140Ps.重离子飞行时间谱仪,A/△A～86,Z/△Z～48,△E/E～0.78%,△t～286ps.9单元和36单元CsI(T1)轻粒子小角度关联探测器阵列,Si+CsI(T1)轻粒子望远镜也达到了很好的性能指标.简述了小角度关联等实验结果.     

BESⅢ端盖TOF时间分辨的束流测试

使用800MeV的电子束对BESⅢ端盖飞行时间探测器(TOF)模块的性能进行测试. 研究了塑料闪烁体的包装材料、光电倍增管(PMT)的工作电压、电子束入射位置对单个TOF模块的本征时间分辨的影响，并给出了测量时间与信号幅度和粒子击中位置的修正方法. 实验结果显示:使用Tyvek纸包装，闪烁体在安装PMT的一端有45°斜面, 电子击中在TOF模块不同位置其本征时间分辨在70—90ps范围内.     

一种新型的大量程探测器望远镜

本文描述一个大量程粒子望远镜.它由一个平行板雪崩探测器(PPAC),一个电离室(IC)及一个光迭层探测器(phoswich)组合而成.它适合于很宽能区内轻粒子和重碎片的测量.该探测器在近代物理研究所1.7米迴旋加速器上用96MeV ¹⁶O+⁵¹V反应中30°方向上的产物进行了调试,测量结果表明,电离室和Phoswich构成的望远镜对电荷数Z>2的粒子给出了极好的分辨(¹⁶O的Z分辨达到5%);Phoswich本身对H、d、t、α等轻粒子也给出了相当好的分辨.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.     

Fiber Modal Index Measurements Based on Fiber Gratings

A novel method based on fiber gratings for measuring the effective indices of fiber modes is proposed. The effective index difference between the core mode and a cladding mode was obtained by analyzing the interference fringe of a pair of cascaded long-period fiber gratings. In order to extract the core mode index from the measured index difference, an index matching oil immersion method is proposed. By analyzing the interaction between the cladding mode and the oil applied on the cladding surface, the mode order and the effective index of the involved cladding mode might be calculated. Experimental results about the interference fringe shifts induced by the oil index and the oil-applied length are also presented.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.