用于BFEL的多腔热阴极微波电子枪的设计研究

详细介绍了用于北京自由电子激光器(BFEL)的多腔热阴极微波电子枪的物理设计以及模拟计算结果,给出了出束及热测实验研究结果.该微波电子枪采用双周期轴耦合驻波加速结构,由四个加速腔组成,工作在π/2模,工作频率为2856MHz.该枪在设计中采用了缩短首腔以及增加腔间漂移段等设计思想,大大减小了电子反轰功率,并有效地调节了电子束团的纵向特性.     

低反轰多腔热阴极微波电子枪物理设计

为了开展基于自由电子激光的紧凑型太赫兹源技术研究,获得高品质（强流、低能散、低发射度）电子束,提出了一个低反轰双路微波馈入多腔热阴极微波电子枪的设计方案。用两路独立微波馈入激励微波电子枪,一路由首腔馈入激励首腔和实现阴极表面建场引出电子,另一路由后续腔馈入并通过腔间耦合激励各腔。两路微波互不耦合,通过移相器实现首腔和第2腔之间的相移连续可调。理论模拟结果表明:在一个射频周期内,热阴极微波电子枪的电子反轰功率约8 kW,平均反轰功率仅为1.2 W（重复频率25 Hz和脉宽6 μs）。     

热阴极微波电子枪模拟计算

用模拟计算方法,研究了热阴极微波电子枪的束流动力学行为,采用笛卡尔坐标,编制了准三维模拟计算程序──HOTGUN.计算中除考虑了射频场外,还充分考虑了空间电荷效应(空间电荷场为轴对称场)、肖特基效应及稳态负载效应等.文中给出了HOTGUN程序与PARMELA部分模拟结果及中科院高能所自由电子激光室微波电子枪热测实验台部分实验结果的比较,最后以用于北京自由电子激光器的多腔热阴极微波电子枪为例,给出了详细的HOTGUN程序模拟计算结果.     

关于热阴极微波电子枪中电子反轰问题的研究

提出了热阴极微波电子枪的设计中可以通过缩短腔长减小电子反轰功率,并通过模拟计算详细研究了腔长对电子反轰及枪出口束流品质的影响。     

关于热阴极微波电子枪中电子反轰问题的研究

 提出了热阴极微波电子枪的设计中可以通过缩短腔长减小电子反轰功率，并通过模拟计算详细研究了腔长对电子反轰及枪出口束流品质的影响。     

(1/2+1/2+1)腔型热阴极微波电子枪

介绍了一种新型的轴耦合热阴极微波电子枪的设计,该枪采用了缩短首腔以及在首腔与主加速腔间插入耦合半腔的设计思想,在不破坏粒子束性能的基础上尽量减小反轰功率,给出了用Superfish 及Pamela软件进行物理设计以及粒子动力学计算的结果,在脉冲宽度为6μs, 重复频率为25Hz时,阴极上平均反轰功率为3.6W,达到设计要求。     

(1/2+1/2+1)腔型热阴极微波电子枪

 介绍了一种新型的轴耦合热阴极微波电子枪的设计，该枪采用了缩短首腔以及在首腔与主加速腔间插入耦合半腔的设计思想，在不破坏粒子束性能的基础上尽量减小反轰功率，给出了用Superfish 及Pamela软件进行物理设计以及粒子动力学计算的结果，在脉冲宽度为6μs, 重复频率为25Hz时，阴极上平均反轰功率为3.6W,达到设计要求。     

热阴极微波电子枪的电子反轰现象

利用数值模拟方法研究了热阴极微波电子枪在高重复率（200Hz）时电子反轰运动以及输出束流品质与腔长的关系,并讨论了抑制电子反轰的措施。     

热阴极微波电子枪的电子反轰现象

 利用数值模拟方法研究了热阴极微波电子枪在高重复率（200Hz）时电子反轰运动以及输出束流品质与腔长的关系，并讨论了抑制电子反轰的措施。     

多腔微波电子枪聚束腔作用分析

 分析了聚束腔中电场分布及电子的运动过程,使用RUNGE KUTTA法求出不同腔长时电子的俘获相位及不同初始相位电子的运动轨迹,讨论了加聚束段对减小电子反轰的作用。研制的4+1/2腔RF-gun使用首腔和第二加速腔作为聚束段,取得了高占空因子,较高束流功率的实验结果。     

用于微波电子枪的双重入腔及其阴极结构

介绍一台用于热阴极微波电子枪的双重入驻波腔及其阴极结构．根据微波枪束品质要求，首先定出腔体基本参数，然后报告了腔形、场分布、谐振频率、耦合度等的设计考虑，并给出腔体测量结果，最后介绍了阴极结构的设计．     

高工作比热阴极微波电子枪调试出束

 报导了一种采用新型结构热阴极4+1/2腔微波电子枪的设计思想、束流动力学计算和调试结果。在微波功率3.2MW时,获得宏脉冲电流1A,电子束脉宽5μs,重复频率200Hz,平均束流功率1~ 2kW,束流稳定,工作比高达10^-3。     

X波段盘圈加速结构热阴极微波电子枪的研究

介绍了采用盘圈(DAW)加速结构在11.43GHz下研制的热阴极微波电子枪注入器，分析了注入器中DAW加速结构支撑杆对于微波特性的影响以及加速结构中的模式重叠问题. 针对该结构的强腔间耦合以及次临近耦合不能忽略的特点，对其调谐方法进行了分析研究.给出了该长腔链热阴极微波电子枪注入器的物理设计及粒子动力学计算结果，电子能量为5—6MeV，脉冲流强为40mA，电子束发射度为3.4πmm.mrad. 该微波电子枪的加工焊接已经完成，文中给出了其冷测结果.     

B&D of a Multi-cavity RF Gun With Thermionic Cathode for BFEL

Thi spaper describes thedesign,simulation and experiment of a multi-cavity RF gun with thermionic cathode for BFEL.This RF gun consists of 1/2+3 cavities (its first half cavity is about 1/3 of a full cavity) with a axis coupling bi-period standing-wave accelerating structure,and works at π/2 mode,2856MHz.We shortened the length of the lst cavity and added a short drift between the 2nd and 3rd cavities,so that the power of back bombardment electrons was greatly decreased and the logitudinal properties were adjusted properly.     

用于短波长FEL的光阴极微波电子枪设计研究

高增益、短波长自由电子激光器需要发射度低、峰值电流高的短脉冲电子束流.采用发射度补偿技术,设计了一台S波段、一个半腔体的光阴极微波电子枪以用于建议中的SDUV-FEL装置.POISSON,SUPERFISH和PARMELA程序的计算表明:当微脉冲电量为2nC时,这种设计能产生ε_n,rms=2.3π·mm·mrad、E_k=4.8MeV的电子束流.报道了该枪的设计考虑和模拟结果.     

The Experimental Study of Novel Pseudospark Hollow Cathode Plasma Electron Gun

The high-power microwave devices with plasma-filled have unique properties. One of the major problems associated with plasma-filled microwave sources is that ions from the plasma drift toward the gun regions of the tube. This bombardment is particularly dangerous for the gun, where high-energy ion impacts can damage the cathode surface and degrade its electron emission capabilities. One of the techniques investigated to mitigate this issue is to replace the material cathode with plasma cathode. Now, we study the novel electron gun (E-gun) that can be suitable for high power microwave device applications, adopting two forms of discharge channel, 1: a single hole channel, the structure can produce a solid electron beam; 2: porous holes channel, the structure can generate multiple electronic injection which is similar to the annular electron beam.     

1.6Cell光阴极微波电子枪冷测及初步高功率实验研究

介绍了清华大学加速器实验室BNL/KEK/SHI型1.6cell微波枪调谐以及老练的初步结果. 调谐过程中, 测量了耦合孔尺寸与外部品质因数之间的关系; 给出了0模和π模的频率、单腔频率以及场分布. 目前, 该微波电子枪正在进行高功率微波老练, 给出了该枪初步的微波老练的情况及测量结果.     

Global Numerical Model for the Assessment of the Effect of Geometry and Operation Conditions on Insert and Orifice Region Plasmas of a Thermionic Hollow Cathode Electron Source

Thermionic hollow cathodes have been widely used in wide variety of areas such as spacecraft electric propulsion systems, material processing and lasers for more than half a century as efficient electron sources. Especially in electric propulsion systems, hollow cathodes are being used as electron sources for propellant ionization and ion beam neutralization. Moreover, it is also a promising candidate for utilization as a stand‐alone propulsion system in microsatellites or nanosatellites due to its small physical size, low power consumption and ease of operation. On the other hand, the small geometry of the typical orificed hollow cathodes makes the plasma diagnostics difficult which is why numerical studies become important for understanding the driving physical processes behind their operation, and the effects of the geometry and the operation parameters on cathode performance. In this paper, a global numerical model for the insert and orifice plasma of a hollow cathode is presented where volume averaged plasma parameters are considered for both regions. The results of this study show that the developed model can be used for designing and sizing orificed hollow cathodes as comparisons with the results of experimental and other numerical studies are in good agreement with the ones obtained from the developed model. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Beam tail effect of a performance-enhanced EC-ITC RF gun

The beam tail effect of multi-bunches will influence the electron beam performance in a high intensity thermionic RF gun. Beam dynamic calculations that illustrate the working states of single beam tail and multi-pulse feed-in of a performance-enhanced EC-ITC （external cathode independent tunable cavity） RF gun for an FEL （free electron laser） injector are performed to estimate the extracted bunch properties. By using both Parmela and homemade MATLAB codes, the effects of a single beam tail as well as interactions of multi-pulses are analyzed, where a ring-based electron algorithm is adopted to calculated RF fields and the space-charge field. Furthermore, the procedure of unexpected deviated-energy particles mixed with an effective bunch head is described by the MATLAB code as well. As a result, the performance-enhanced EC-ITC RF gun is proved to have the capability to extract continual stable bunches suitable for a high requirement THz-FEL.