高能强子–强子碰撞中喷注性质的蒙特卡洛研究

在喷注“圆锥判定法”的基础上,对高能强子–强子碰撞中产生的喷注(微喷注)的性质进行了蒙特卡洛研究.采用以喷注动量为z轴的“喷注坐标系”,给出了表征喷注性质的各物理量在新坐标系中的分布情况.结果表明,圆锥判定法能够作为一种有效手段来对高能强子–强子碰撞和相对论重离子碰撞中发生的硬和半硬过程开展实验研究.由有喷注事件和无喷注事件的多重数分布可以看到,E_t=2GeV是用圆锥法确定喷注的合理的横能截断值.     

强子–强子碰撞中硬分量存在的又一实验证据

对sqr(s)=540Gev能量下的高能强子-强子碰撞得到的单事件平均横动量p. 对多重数N的散点图进行了仔细分析后指出;其中大多重数、大事件是碰撞过程中出现硬分量的又一个实验证据,并用仅含软分量的单分量模型和既含软分量又含硬分量的二分量模型的Monte Carlo模拟定性地证实了这一论断.     

s=630GeV pp碰撞中微喷注的新分析

根据喷注判定的圆锥法来判断喷注,重新分析了UA1-1985年的s=630GeV非单衍pp碰撞实验数据. 分析发现对事件样本,单事件平均横动量p_t与多重数n是正关联的,而对喷注事件子样本则是负关联的;分析了微喷注产生的关联和退关联,表明微喷注产生来源于非软过程和高阶效应;并首次从实验上观测到微喷注间存在大快度间隔内无粒子的事例,分析了微喷注产生时存在大快度gap的迹象.     

强子-强子碰撞中平均横动量随多重数变化的能量关联与三火球模型

利用三火球模型,对强子-强子碰撞中平均横动量和多重数的关系进行了计算,根据两个侧边火球贡献的变化,成功地解释了在ISR顶峰能量以下平均横动量与多重数关系曲线的斜率为负、并随能量的升高而增加、以及多重数低时平均横动量近似地与能量无关的现象.     

强子碰撞中平均横动量的多重数分布随截断的变化

利用三火球模型,对s=22GeV情况下,强子碰撞中平均横动量的多重数分布曲线斜率、随横动量截断值的增加由负转变为正进行研究的结果表明,是侧边火球产生强子的平均横动量,随横动量截断值的增加的增幅大于中心火球产生强子的平均横动量的增幅而出现的.     

高能强子–强子碰撞中喷注的产生与演化过程的动力学起伏

用蒙特卡洛方法对630GeV/c质子–反质子碰撞中的无偏样本、喷注事件样本和喷注内样本中的动力学起伏进行了研究.结果表明,喷注事件样本和电子–正电子对撞的全事件样本相似,近似地有各向同性的动力学起伏,而喷注内样本则和电子–正电子对撞的喷注一样,有类似于强子–强子碰撞软过程的各向异性动力学起伏.这表明,强子–强子碰撞中喷注的产生和演化分别和电子–正电子碰撞中喷注的产生和演化有类似的动力学性质.     

s~(1/2)=630GeV pp碰撞中微喷注的新分析

根据喷注判定的圆锥法来判断喷注，重新分析了ＵＡ１－１９８５年的６３０ＧｅＶ非单衍ｐｐ碰撞实验数据。分析发现对事件样本，单事件平均横动量ｐ与多重数ｎ是正关联的，而对喷注事件子样本则是负关联的；分析了微喷注产生嵉墓亓屯斯亓砻魑⑴缱⒉丛从诜侨砉毯透呓仔вΓ徊⑹状未邮笛樯瞎鄄獾轿⑴缱⒓浯嬖诖罂於燃涓裟谖蘖Ｗ拥氖吕治隽宋⑴缱⒉贝嬖诖罂於龋纾幔鸬募Ｏ蟆     

高能强子-强子碰撞中间歇程度对矩阶数、多重数和横动量的依赖性

本文仔细分析了高能强子-强子碰撞中,间歇程度对矩阶数、多重数和横动量的依赖性通过考虑α模型对多重数的依赖发现,只要在低能时间歇程度对多重数具有与高能情况相反的依赖性,那么,间歇程度对矩阶数在高能和低能时具有不同依赖性的实验现象便能得到很好的理解,这一事实可能表明:间歇程度更基本地依赖于横动量,本文的预言可以从低能实验数据的分析中得到检验.     

夸克喷注和胶子喷注硬度特性的研究

用蒙特卡洛模拟方法研究了Z⁰强子衰变中的三喷注事件.用b标记方法辨别,得到夸克喷注和胶子喷注.定义了一个新的物理量—硬度.分别计算了发射了胶子的夸克喷注和胶子喷注的硬度分布.通过胶子和夸克喷注的平均多重数和平均横动量对硬度的依赖性以及他们的多重数和横动量在相同硬度区间内的分布情况的计算与比较,发现夸克喷注和胶子喷注的硬度特性有显著的差别.夸克喷注的特性几乎与硬度无关,而胶子喷注的特性与硬度之间存在较强的关联.当Hd>10GeV时,胶子喷注的平均多重数和平均横动量都明显地大于夸克喷注的平均多重数和平均横动量;而当H_d<6GeV时,结果正好相反.这表明,只是对于较硬的胶子,胶子喷注比夸克喷注“胖”的结论才能成立.     

Z0能区正负电子湮没强子多重数分布及有关参数

对91.1—91.3GeV正负电子湮没带电强子多重数的负二项式分布的适用性及其有关参数、多重数前后关联、集团模型参数、半单举快度分布和反映喷注横动量特点的海鸥图的结果进行了报道.特别对有限快度区的上述有关参数的特点进行了分析,并与多重产生中的唯象模型的理论结果进行了比较.所述实验结果由LEP上ALEPH国际合作组的5万个Z⁰事例得到.     

Charged Top-Pion Production at Hadron Colliders

We studied the charged top-pion in the topcolor assisted technicolor model （TC2）. If the charged top-pions are heavy, mπt 〉 mt ＋mb, they will decay mainly via the channel πt^＋ → tb. We also calculated the production of charged top-pion at the Tevatron and LHC. The cross section can reach to 100 fb at the Tevatron and dozens of pb at the LHC depending on the mass of the top-pion.     

BES和CLEOc强子谱和粲偶素衰变研究

回顾了近期BES和CLEOc利用正负电子对撞机采集的J/ψ, ψ′和ψ′′数据得到的强子谱与粲偶素衰变方面的部分研究结果. 重点分析了对于轻标量粒子的实验研究, 包括利用J/ψ的辐射衰变和强衰变, ψ′的强衰变和χ_c的强衰变得到的结果, 并对有关粒子的性质进行了评述, 对用以获得这些信息的实验方法作了评论, 提出了改进的建议; 还重点总结了矢量粲偶素粒子衰变“ρπ疑难”相关的实验和理论研究成果, 并对进一步的实验和理论研究提出了建议. 这些结果对于理解量子色动力学在低能区的应用有很大帮助.     

Hadron spectroscopy from B-factories

We review the recent experimental results on hadron spectroscopy from B-factories focusing on the exotic charmonium-like states.Among them we discuss the X（3872）,Y（3940）,Z（4430） ＋,Z（4050） ＋,Z（4250） ＋ and Y（4140） states found in B-meson decays,the X（3940） and X（4160） states produced in double charmonium production,the Y（4260）,Y（4325）,Y（4660） and X（4630） states produced with initial-state radiation in e ＋ eannihilation and the X（3915）,Y（4350） states observed in two-photon collisions.     

Hadron resonances as rovibrational states

A rovibrational model,including anharmonic,centrifugal,and Coriolis corrections,is used to calculate π,K,N, and Σ orbital and radial resonances.The four orbital excitations of the π meson correspond to the b(1235),π_2(1670),b_3(2030),and π_4(2250) resonances.Its first four radial excitations correspond to the π(1300),π(1800),π(2070),and π(2360) resonances.The orbital excitations of the K meson are interpreted as the K_1(1270),K_2(1770),K_3(2320),and K_4(2500) resonances;its radial excitations correspond to the K(1460) and K(1830) resonances.The N orbital excitations are identified with the N(1520),N(1680),N(2190),N(2220),and N(2600) resonances.The first four radial excitations of the N family correspond to the N(1440),N(1880),N(2100),and N(2300) resonances.The orbital excitations of the Σ baryon are associated with the Σ(1670),Σ(1915),Σ(2100),and Σ(2250) resonances,whereas its radial excitations are identified with the Σ(1660),Σ(1770),and Σ(1880) resonances.The proposed rovibrational model calculations show a good agreement with the corresponding experimental values and allow for the prediction of hadron resonances,thereby proving to be useful for the interpretation of excited hadron spectra.     

Hadron spectroscopy from B-factories

We review the recent experimental results on hadron spectroscopy from B-factories focusing on the exotic charmonium-like states. Among them we discuss the X(3872), Y(3940), Z(4430)+, Z(4050)+, Z(4250)+ and Y(4140) states found in B-meson decays, the X(3940) and X(4160) states produced in double charmonium production, the Y(4260), Y(4325), Y(4660) and X(4630) states produced with initial-state radiation in e+e-annihilation and the X(3915), Y(4350) states observed in two-photon collisions.     

核介质中强子性质的手征σ模型研究

采用手征σ模型描述核多体系统,考虑真空极化的影响,首先由核物质的饱和性质确定模型参数,进一步研究了强子性质在核介质中的变化。手征σ模型的研究结果给出,核子和ω介子的有效质量随核物质密度的增大而减小,但σ介子的有效质量随密度的增大而增大。这些结果与不满足手征对称性的Walecka模型结果进行了比较。计算中采用的重整化方法会对结果有一定的影响。The modification of hadron masses in nuclear medium is studied by using the chiral sigma model, which is extended to generate the omega meson mass by the sigma condensation in the vacuum in the same way as the nucleon mass. The chiral sigma model provides proper equilibrium properties of nuclear matter. It is shown that the effective masses of both nucleons and omega mesons decrease in nuclear medium, while the effective mass of sigma mesons increases at finite density in the chiral sigma model. The resuits obtained in the chiral sigma model are compared with those obtained in the Walecka model, which includes sigma and omega mesons in a non-chiral fashion.     

Charged Top-Pion Production at Hadron Colliders

We studied the charged top-pion in the topcolor assisted technicolor model (TC2). If the charged top-pions are heavy, m_πt >m_t+m_b, they will decay mainly via the channel π⁺_t → t \bar{b}. We also calculated the production ofcharged top-pion at the Tevatron and LHC. The cross section can reach to 100 fb at the Tevatron and dozens of pb at the LHC depending on the mass of the top-pion.     

Hadron program at COMPASS

The fixed target COMPASS experiment at CERN offers the opportunity to search for exotic mesons and glueball candidates in the light quark sector with unprecedented statistics.Preliminary results from the 2008 data taken with an incoming negative hadron beam （190 GeV/c,mainly pions） on a liquid hydrogen target are presented.New detectors dedicated to hadron beam measurements have been added.These give access to rare neutral and kaonic channels.An amplitude analysis which will allow to fit simultaneously diffractively and/or centrally produced resonances will be described and compared with those used in the CERN WA102 and BNL E852 experiments.     

Hadron program at COMPASS

The fixed target COMPASS experiment at CERN offers the opportunity to search for exotic mesons and glueball candidates in the light quark sector with unprecedented statistics.Preliminary results from the2008 data taken with an incoming negative hadron beam(190 GeV/c,mainly pions)on a liquid hydrogen target are presented.New detectors dedicated to hadron beam measurements have been added.These give access to rare neutral and kaonic channels.An amplitude analysis which will allow to fit simultaneously diffractively and/or centrally produced resonances will be described and compared with those used in the CERN WA102and BNL E852 experiments.     

直生强子产率的普适质量关系

利用“隧道效应”给出的QCD真空激发产生夸克的几率,结合夸克随机组合成强子的简单图像,不需要任何附加假定得到各种高能反应直生介子、重子相对产率都满足同样的普适质量关系〈n〉=aexp(–bm),这个质量关系与反应质心能量和具体反应过程无关.与最近分析实验发现的经验公式形式上完全一样,这意味着强子质量是描述粒子多重数最基本的物理量.