基于二维Meniscus透镜的准光功率合成器(英文)

为了实现大功率容量和高效率的空间功率合成,将基于波导腔体的二维Meniscus透镜用于毫米波功率合成器的设计.对透镜中传输的主模(TE10波)的散射效应进行了分析,并且设计了匹配层减小透镜结构带来的反射.在30GHz频率上利用Rexolite介质的Meniscus透镜设计出了10路功率合成器,对不同结构的功率合成器和不同参数的透镜进行了研究,得到了最终的优化结果.CST-MMW的仿真结果表明该功率合成器在30GHz合成效率可以达到92.6%,并且其80%以上效率工作带宽可以覆盖整个Ka波段.     

基于二维Meniscus透镜的准光功率合成器

为了实现大功率容量和高效率的空间功率合成,将基于波导腔体的二维Meniscus透镜用于毫米波功率合成器的设计.对透镜中传输的主模(TE10波)的散射效应进行了分析,并且设计了匹配层减小透镜结构带来的反射.在30 GHz频率上利用Rexolite介质的Meniscus透镜设计出了10路功率合成器,对不同结构的功率合成器和不同参数的透镜进行了研究,得到了最终的优化结果.CST-MMW的仿真结果表明该功率合成器在30 GHz合成效率可以达到92.6%,并且其80%以上效率工作带宽可以覆盖整个Ka波段.     

A new kind of compound solid-state quasi-optical power combiner

In this paper, a new kind of solid-state quasi-optical power combiner is presented. It consists of two or more singlecavity multiple-device power combiners and a Fabry-Perot cavity. The experimenal results using six Gunn diodes at X-band show that the total output power is higher than 400 mW, the total combining efficiency is as high as 83%, and the frequency stability is better than 10^–5.     

MMW Source CAD in Quasi-Optical Resonator

This paper presents a quasi-optical resonator that design methode basic on IBM PC computer (CAD). There is an exellent method to calculate global optima of the fundamental mode power, fractional power of the fundamental mode and combining efficiency etc. It also presents a process of CAD of microcomputer.     

Circuit analysis of the compound quasi-optical power combiner

In 1991, we developed a new type of quasi-optical power combiner, called a compound quasi-optical power combiner, at Ka-band. In this paper, the circuit of such a compound quasi-optical power combiner is analysed. Its equivalent circuit model is proposed. The circuit equations, the balance condition, the injection locking and the stabilized condition of the compound quasi-optical power combiner are studed by the equivalent circuit model. As an example, a compound quasi-optical power combiner which consists of two single—cavity, two—device power combiners is analysed     

Theory and Optimization Calculation of 3-Mirror Axisymmetric Quasi-Optical Power Combining

Very efficient power combining of solid-state millimeter wave sources may be obtained through 3-mirror quasi-optical resonators and Source arrays. The location and configuration of the source array are determined by CAD (Computer-aided design) technique.     

Analysis of metal grating polarizers for quasi-optical power combining applications

Reflection and transmission characteristics of thin metal strip grating polarizers on dielectric substrate for quasi-optical power combining applications are analyzed by spectral domain method. Based on the calculated results, simple equivalent circuit models and empirical formula for analyzing metal grating polarizers are presented. The agreement between these simple expressions and spectral domain method are within one percent.     

105/140 GHz双频兆瓦回旋管实现1.0 MW脉冲输出

报道了聚变应用的MW级双频（105/140 GHz）回旋管的最新实验进展。该回旋管的谐振腔、准光模式变换器、输出窗采用了双频共用的设计,电子枪采用了双频复用的双阳极磁控注入枪,收集极采用单极降压。最新的实验表明:在重频1 Hz短脉冲条件下,在105 GHz点和140 GHz点,测试得到脉冲功率分别为710 kW和1.057 MW,对应总效率分别为34%和49%。这是国内首次在回旋管实验中实现1.0 MW功率输出。     

Global optimization method in millimeter wave combiner

This paper describes an algorithm which can determine the global optima of the power combiner of solid-state millimeter wave resonator. The global optimization mehtod can determine a neighborhood of the global optima of an objective function and an estimation of the global optima. In this paper the objective function as follow: In the quasi-optical resonator, the objective function are the fundamental mode power, the fractional power of fundamental mode and the combining dfficiecy were done the objective functiona respectively, to calculate the global optima respectively. In the power combiner of solid-state millimeter wave source in rectangular waveguide cavity. the performance parameter are presentes by combining efficiency, tuning range, frequency drift, and FM noise were done the objective functions respectively. And to calculate the global optima respectively.     

A High Efficiency Launcher and Mirror System for Use in a 110 GHZ TE22,6 Mode Gyrotron

A four-mirror internal quasi-optical mode converter designed for a CPI gyrotron is discussed. Many improved methods were used in designing the mode converter. The launcher was designed and analyzed using the TOL and Surf3d codes developed by CCR. Mirrors 1 and 2 were designed using analytic surfaces to shape the general wavefront curvature of the beam radiated from the launcher. Mirrors 3 and 4 were iteratively designed using improved techniques that produced smooth mirror surfaces. Good agreement was found between theory and low-power cold-test measurements. The fraction of power coupled between the target Gaussian beam and the output of mirror 4, inferred from measurements, was 0.990. The stray radiation from the internal quasi-optical mode converter, inferred from measurements, was only 1.9% of the total power radiated from the launcher. This resulted in a high overall system efficiency of 97.0%, which is greater than previous designs.     

The new technique of harmonic power combination—Millimeter-wave quasi-optical harmonic power combination

In this paper, the new technique of harmonic power combination—millimeter -wave quasi-optical harmonic power combination is presented. In this technique, by compounding several closed resonators with a quasi-optical open resonator, the harmonic powers of active devices are combined, which takes effectively respective advantages of closed cavity power combination and open cavity power combination and improve the combination efficiency of multiple-device harmonic power combiner. The experimental results for W-band are given and shown this combination method is available.     

准光模式变换器研究与设计

研究了将回旋管及其他高功率微波器件的振荡输出模式转换成准高斯波束的准光模式变换器,实现了准高斯模TEM00的横向输出。利用几何光学分析了模式在波导中的传播,进一步分析了伏拉索夫（Vlasov）辐射器的工作机理,运用矢量绕射理论计算出辐射场; 通过编程设计了将94 GHz、模式为TE62的毫米波转化为准高斯波束的准光模式变换器。结果表明:通过设计Vlasov辐射器和两级反射镜,可以在窗口处得到准高斯波束, 整个系统的功率效率达到87.5%。     

A Millimeter-wave Power Combining Amplifier Based on a Waveguide-Microstrip E-Plane Dual-probe Four-way Power Combining Network

This paper presents a new millimeter-wave solid-state power combining amplifier, which is based on a waveguide-microstrip E-plane dual-probe four-way power combining network. With a compact structure and an easy fabrication process, this combining network fulfils waveguide-to-microstrip transition and power combining simultaneously, and shows a broad-band low loss performance in Ka-band. With good thermal property, a four-way high power combining amplifier is fabricated. The measured output power is more than 40 dBm in 32–37 GHz, and the highest output power, 15.8 W, occurs at 32 GHz. The corresponding combining efficiency is more than 77% in 32–38 GHz.     

Multiple Diodes Quasi-Optical Oscillater

This paper presents quasi-optics techniques, millimeter techniques and a global optimization method etc techniques. It is a structure of quasi-optics power combiner, that includes a spherical reflection, that the radius of the curvature is R and another one is a hybrid reflector that is called input reflector. The space of the both reflectors is LL. The monolithic source-array is made up of 25 Gunn diodes that are mounted of parallel brass bars that have low thermal resistance. And the bars are fixed on the inner plane surface of the hybrid reflector. The hybrid reflector made up of a plane and a spherical, that the radius of the curvature are R. It is designed that higher fundamental mode power, larger fractional power of fundamental mode power and more combining efficiency of the quasi-optics power combiner.This paper describes an algorithm, which can determine the global optima of the power combiner of solid-state millimeter wave resonator. The global optimization method can determine a neighborhood of the global optima of an objective function and an estimation of the global optima. In the quasi-optical resonator, the objective functions are the fundamental mode power, the fractional power of fundamental mode and the combining efficiency respectively.     

Control techniques for millimeter-wave active arrays

Control techniques for millimeter-wave active arrays are considered. In addition to voltage control, optical and quasi-optical approaches are discussed as analog control techniques. Digital control techniques discussed include on/off switching arrays and designs with superimposed device and/or grid structures for multi-bit capability. A quasi-optical Q switch, capable of high peak power pulse generation, is discussed as an example application of these techniques.     

140-GHz gyrotron with multimegawatt output power

The operational features of a 140-GHz, transverse electric TE_22,6 mode gyrotron oscillator with an advanced quasi-optical mode converter, a Brewster window, and a single-stage depressed collector at 140 GHz with an output power of 2.1 MW and an efficiency of 34% without depressed collector and 53% with depressed collector are presented. The high output power level is possible due to an almost reflectionless termination of the radio frequency (RF) beam line outside the tube. The operation of the TE_22,6 mode gyrotron is described in detail, and the significant features for achieving the high-output power are pointed out     

新型准光学可调辐射源研究

 本文介绍一种新型毫米波准光学可调辐射源,它采用由面对称三反射镜准光学谐振腔和绕射光栅组成高频互作用系统,利用中等能量级的相对论带状电子注激励,产生频率可调的宽带毫米波、远红外波段的辐射。这种新方案的机理性实验在电子科技大学首次获得成功,其主要实验参数：电子注的能量为400~500kV,电压脉冲宽度70ns,同步脉冲磁场强度1.2T; 磁场脉冲宽度10ms,带状电子注尺寸10nm×1mm;通过热测实验,我们成功地检测到3mm波段的高频信号,其峰值功率达到数十千瓦量级。     

An improved design for quasi-optical mode conversion of whispering gallery mode gyrotron radiation

Results are reported of a theoretical and experimental investigation of a quasi-optical mode converter for the transformation of whispering gallery mode gyrotron output into a linearly polarized Gaussian like beam. The mode converter consists of a helically cut waveguide launcher, similar to that originally proposed by Vlasovet al, followed by a focusing mirror. Theoretical results using aperture field methods indicate that the length of the waveguide launcher is of critical importance in providing a confined radiation pattern. Experimental results on the radiation pattern were obtained for several launcher lengths using a 0.6 MW, 149 GHz pulsed gyrotron operating in the TE_16,2 mode. Radiation pattern results for the optimum launcher length agree well with theoretical calculations using the Stratton-Chu aperture radiation theory for unperturbed waveguide modes. A mirror focusing in the azimuthal direction was designed by a geometrical optics approach to focus the radiation coming from the launcher. Good focusing with 91.4% efficiency (power in the focused beam divided by gyrotron power) was found experimentally using the combined launcher and mirror with the pulsed gyrotron. These results indicate that quasi-optical antennas are useful for transforming high order, high frequency gyrotron modes into directed beams in free space.     

165 GHz, 1.5 MW-coaxial cavity gyrotron with depressed collector

A further step in the development of a coaxial-cavity gyrotron operated in the transverse electric TE_-31,17 mode at 165 GHz is presented. The gyrotron has been equipped with a quasi-optical output system consisting of a Vlasov launcher with a single cut and two mirrors, one with a quasi-elliptic and the other with a nonquadratic phase correcting surface. The radio frequency (RF) power is transmitted through a single output window. A maximum output power of 1.7 MW has been achieved. At the nominal operational parameters an RF power of 1.3 MW with an efficiency of 27.3% has been measured. The efficiency increases to 41% in operation with a single-stage depressed collector