用范式理论研究常微分方程焦点量问题*

利用范式与焦点量之间关系的一个定理并拓展了矩阵表示法,借助于计算机代数语言Mathe-matica的帮助,本文给出了一种计算常微分方程焦点量问题的新方法,利用这种方法可以计算常微分方程的任意阶焦点量,并通过一个算例验证了本文所提出的方法的正确性。这种方法的优点是简捷、方便、只进行简单的代数运算。     

n维空间正交张量的典则表示和自由度公式

本文借助于正交张量特征值的特性,采用剖分的方法.利用二维正交张量典则表示,很快就构造出一般n维欧氏空间上的正交张量的典则表示.利用Cayley-Hamilton定理,求得了正交张量各主不变量之间的相关方程,从而使得正交张量特征根的求解只需要在一个阶数不大于空间维数n的一半的代数方程上进行.本文还给出了正交张量的独立参数个数——自由度的计算公式.     

拟常曲率流形上的二阶平行张量

本文证明了如下结果：（1）在一个拟常曲率流形M上，[0,2]型平行张量是度量张量的常数倍。（2）在拟常曲率流形M上，不存在非零平行2－形式。除非对应于M的生成元的Ricci主曲率等于零。     

矩形张量奇异值的S-型包含集

本文研究矩形张量奇异值的定位问题.利用矩形张量指标集的一个划分:非空真子集S及其补集、分类讨论思想和不等式放缩技巧,获得了矩形张量奇异值的一个S-型包含集,改进了某些已有结果.最后通过数值算例对理论结果进行验证,数值算例显示所得包含集比某些已有包含集精确.     

高阶张量Pareto-特征值的若干性质

考虑高阶张量特征值互补问题,由于求解张量的最大Pareto-特征值是一个NP难问题,关注于Pareto-特征值的估计,并给出若干关于Z-张量和M-张量的Pareto-特征值的性质.     

非广义H-张量的判定准则（英文）

给出判定非广义H-张量的充要条件,从理论上彻底解决了不可约非广义H-张量的判定问题,并给出判定不可约非广义H-张量的具体算法.最后,利用数值算例表明了结果的有效性.     

高阶张量Pareto-特征值的若干性质（英文）

考虑高阶张量特征值互补问题,由于求解张量的最大Pareto-特征值是一个NP难问题,关注于Pareto-特征值的估计,并给出若干关于Z-张量和M-张量的Pareto-特征值的性质.     

QDB-张量和SQDB-张量

在文中,我们提出了四类新的结构张量: QDB(QDB0)-张量和SQDB(SQDB0)-张量,并证明了对称偶数阶的QDB-张量和SQDB-张量的正定性,对称偶数阶的QDB0-张量和SQDB0-张量的半正定性.     

各向同性超对称Descartes张量

各向同性张量在构造各向同性弹性固体的本构方程时有着极其重要的作用.基于各向同性Descartes张量的表达式并结合超对称张量的性质,探讨了各向同性Descartes张量各标量之间的关系,进而得出了二到六阶各向同性超对称Descartes张量的一般表达式.     

刚体有限位移螺旋张量的存在性与唯一性定理

本文提出并用旋量算法证明了刚体有限位移螺旋张量的存在性与唯一性定理.而且由此获得了以刚体有限位移数据来求这种螺旋张量的公式.     

On some problems of tensor calculus. II

Basic definitions of linear algebra and functional analysis are given. In particular, the definitions of a semigroup, group, ring, field, module, and linear space are given [1–3, 6]. A local theorem on the existence of homeomorphisms is stated. Definitions of the inner r-product, local inner product of tensors whose rank is not less than r, and of local norm of a tensor [22] are also given. Definitions are given and basic theorems and propositions are stated and proved concerning the linear dependence and independence of a system of tensors of any rank. Moreover, definitions and proofs of some theorems connected with orthogonal and biorthonormal tensor systems are given. The definition of a multiplicative basis (multibasis) is given and ways of construction bases of modules using bases of modules of smaller dimensions. In this connection, several theorems are stated and proved. Tensor modules of even orders and problems on finding eigenvalues and eigentensors of any even rank are studied in more detail than in [22]. Canonical representations of a tensor of any even rank are given. It is worth while to note that it was studied by the Soviet scientist I. N. Vekua, and an analogous problem for the elasticity modulus tensor was considered by the Polish scientist Ya. Rikhlevskii in 1983–1984.     

Numerical study on Moore-Penrose inverse of tensors via Einstein product

Numerical Algorithms - The notation of Moore-Penrose inverse of matrices has been extended from matrix space to even-order tensor space with Einstein product. In this paper, we give the numerical...     

On some problems of tensor calculus. I

Basic definitions of linear algebra and functional analysis are given. In particular, the definitions of a semigroup, group, ring, field, module, and linear space are given [1, 2, 3, 6]. A local theorem on the existence of homeomorphisms is stated. Definitions of the inner r-product, local inner product of tensors whose rank is not less than r, and of local norm of a tensor [22] are also given. Definitions are given and basic theorems and propositions are stated and proved concerning the linear dependence and independence of a system of tensors of any rank. Moreover, definitions and proofs of some theorems connected with orthogonal and biorthonormal tensor systems are given. The definition of a multiplicative basis (multibasis) is given and ways of construction bases of modules using bases of modules of smaller dimensions. In this connection, several theorems are stated and proved. Tensor modules of even orders and problems on finding eigenvalues and eigentensors of any even rank are studied in more detail than in [22]. Canonical representations of a tensor of any even rank are given. It is worth while to note that it was studied by the Soviet scientist I. N. Vekua, and an analogous problem for the elasticity modulus tensor was considered by the Polish scientist Ya. Rikhlevskii in 1983–1984.     

强弱稳定性等价的一些条件

强弱稳定性等价的一些条件朱尚伟（山西财经学院，太原０３００１２）伍镜波（南开大学，天津３０００７１）国家自然科学基金资助课题．１）该作者所承担部分是在浙江大学数学研究所访问期间完成的．１９９２年５月３日收到．设Ｘ为复Ｂａｎａｃｈ　空间，为Ｘ上类算子半...     

ON NEVANLINNA DIRECTIONS OF ALGEBROID FUNCTIONS

In this paper, a notation δχ(ω) is derived from the counting function Nχ(r,w) of branch points of algebriod functions. With this notation, the authors give the definition of the Nevanlinna direction for algebriod functions and discuss its existence in certain condition. By this notation the authors also obtain the numbers of exceptional value of the Julia direction and Borel direction of algebriod functions are not more than 2 [δχ(ω)],here [x] implies an maximum integer number which does not exceed x.     

Tensor inversion and its application to the tensor equations with Einstein product

Recently, the inverse of an even-order square tensor has been put forward in [Brazell M, Li N, Navasca C, Tamon C. Solving multilinear systems via tensor inversion. SIAM J Matrix Anal Appl. 2013;34(2):542–570] by means of the tensor group consisting of even-order square tensors equipped with the Einstein product. In this paper, several necessary and sufficient conditions for the invertibility of a tensor are obtained, and some approaches for calculating the inverse (if it exists) are proposed. Furthermore, the Cramer's rule and the elimination method for solving the tensor equations with the Einstein product are derived. In addition, the tensor eigenvalue problem mentioned in [Qi L-Q. Theory of tensors (hypermatrices). Hong Kong: Department of Applied Mathematics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; 2014] can also be addressed by using the elimination method mentioned above. By the way, the LU decomposition and the Schur decomposition of matrices are extended to tensor case. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the main results.     

On the operator representation of the Green's functions of the dynamic theory of elasticity

Starting from the operator notation for the dyadic Green's function for elastic displacement of the nonstationary theory of elasticity, we propose a method of factoring the mutually orthogonal components of the Green's function in the form of tensor products of operators acting respectively on the coordinates of the points of observation and the source. Translated fromMatematicheskie Metody i Fiziko-Mekhanicheskie Polya, No. 37, 1994, pp. 78–80.     

具有位势的$E_F$-临界点映射的单调公式

本文引入相对于泛函$E_{F,H}(u)$的具有位势的$E_F$-临界点映射. 利用应力能量张量方法以及在位势函数$H$的适当条件下, 得到该类映射一些单调公式以及一些消灭定理.     

A Symbolic Dance: The Interplay Between Movement,Notation, and Mathematics on a Journey Toward Solving Equations

This article analyzes the use of the software Grid Algebra with a mixed ability class of 21 nine-to-ten-year-old students who worked with complex formal notation involving all four arithmetic operations. Unlike many other models to support learning, Grid Algebra has formal notation ever present and allows students to “look through” that notation and interpret it either in terms of physical journeys on a grid or in terms of mathematical operations. A dynamic fluidity was found between the formal notation, imagery of movements on a grid, and the process of mathematical operations. This fluidity is interpreted as a “dance” between these three. The significant way in which this dynamic took place reflects the scaffolding and fading offered by the software, which was crucial to the students’ fluency with formal notation well beyond what has been reported from students of that age.