1，1’—联—2—萘酚在不对称催化中的应用新进展

光学活性的1，1’—联—2—萘酚(BINOL)及其衍生物作为优异的手性配体应用 于不对称催化中已取得了巨大进展，显示出广阔的应用前景．对BINOL小分子和高 分子在各种不对称催化反应中的最新进展和发展方向进行了评述，并介绍了有关 BINOL的几种新型催化策略．     

Recent advances in the transition-metal catalyzed synthesis of multisubstituted pentenolides and related pyranones

This digest focuses on the transition-metal catalyzed syntheses of variously substituted pentenolides, published recently. The review is based on methodologies for the synthesis of pentenolides rather than isolated examples, and covers post-2007 publications reported on this subject. Brief discussion of the strategies, strengths and drawbacks of the syntheses is also included.     

Recent advances in asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis

The use of chiral nonracemic onium salts and crown ethers as effective phase-transfer catalysts have been studied intensively primarily for enantioselective carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reactions under mild biphasic conditions. An essential issue for optimal asymmetric catalysis is the rational design of catalysts for targeted reaction, which allows generation of a well-defined chiral ion pair that reacts with electrophiles in a highly efficient and stereoselective manner. This concept, together with the synthetic versatility of phase-transfer catalysis, provides a reliable and general strategy for the practical asymmetric synthesis of highly valuable organic compounds.     

Recent advances in water-mediated multiphase catalysis

Water is the most sustainable solvent, making it the obvious choice to replace organic solvents in various synthesis techniques. However, its applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries are often restricted by the low solubility of organic compounds in water. Essentially, the reactions of organic compounds in water are multiphase systems. Therefore, this review classifies aqueous-phase organic reactions into liquid–liquid, liquid–solid and gas–liquid–solid phase from the perspective of phase interfaces of multiphase reactions, and summarizes the research progress and breakthroughs in recent years, including the application of micellar catalysis, Pickering emulsion catalysis, micro-nanobubble/foam catalysis and “dry water” catalysis, as well as the unique advantages of using water as a medium. Finally, we point out the current challenges and future perspectives on multiphase catalysis in aqueous-phase reactions.     

Recent advances in organothorium and organouranium catalysis

In this critical review we summarize the latest results obtained during the last decade concerning the catalytic activities of organoactinide complexes. We begin with a brief summary of the synthesis and characterization of uranium and thorium complexes that later will be used as catalysts for demanding chemical transformations. Hydroamination, hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes, coupling of terminal alkynes with isonitriles, catalytic reduction of azides and hydrazines, ring opening polymerization of cyclic esters and polymerization of alpha-olefins are covered in this review (118 references). The topics covered in this review regarding organoactinide chemistry will be of interest to inorganic, organic and organometallic chemists, material and catalytic scientists due to its unique mode of activation as compared to late transition-metals. In addition, the field of organoactinide complexes in catalysis is steadily growing, because of the complementary reactivity of organoactinides as compared to other early or late transition complexes, in demanding chemical transformations.     

平面手性二茂铁的合成及其在不对称催化反应中应用 的最新进展

平面手性二茂铁由于其独特的立体结构和电子效应,在不对称催化反应中已成为一类优良的手性配体。合成高光学纯度的平面手性二茂铁已受到高度重视,将成为设计、合成手性配体研究以及应用中的热点之一。本文综述了近年来其合成方法及其在不对称催化反应中应用研究的进展。     

1,1-二卤代-1-烯烃的制备及其在有机合成中的应用

1,1-二卤代-1-烯烃是有机化学中常见的合成片断,在合成化学中已得到了广泛的应用。该综述介绍了这一类化合物常见的制备方法以及反应的适用范围,并详细讨论了该类化合物在有机合成中的应用：(1)1,1-二卤代-1-烯烃在镁、有机锂、锌/溴化亚铜、二碘化钐、零价钯等金属或金属试剂作用下,发生α-消除反应生成烯基卡宾中间体的反应;(2)1,1-二卤代-1-烯烃在合成杂环以及核苷类似物等方面的应用。对于这类化合物在钯催化下的分子内(间)的偶联反应以及利用分子内的双环碳钯化反应,合成环状化合物等等方面的研究进展,也进行了详细的讨论。     

Recent advances in transition-metal catalyzed nitrene transfer reactions with carbamates

Nitrene transfer reactions are powerful tools in synthetic organic chemistry. In recent years, transitionmetal catalyzed nitrene transfer reactions with carbamates as the nitrene precursors have been widely pursued. Such species undergoes facile C-H amination, aziridination, and bifunctionalization of alkenes under the catalysis of different transition metals including Rh, Fe, Ru and others, enabling the efficient construction of various nitrogen-containing molecules. In this review, the recent ...     

Recent advances in transition-metal catalyzed reactions using molecular oxygen as the oxidant

For green and sustainable chemistry, molecular oxygen is considered as an ideal oxidant due to its natural, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly characteristics, and therefore offers attractive academic and industrial prospects. This critical review introduces the recent advances over the past 5 years in transition-metal catalyzed reactions using molecular oxygen as the oxidant. This review highlights the scope and limitations, as well as the mechanisms of these oxidation reactions (184 references).     

Recent advances of achiral and chiral diene ligands in transition-metal catalyses

A series of achiral and chiral diene and the related ligands in transition-metal complexes is evaluated by percent buried volume (%V_bur) based on their molecular structures by X-ray analysis. Steric bulk of cyclic diene ligands in [Ru(acac)₂L] and [RhClL]₂ are sorted in the order of %V_bur. Recent developments on transition-metal catalyses using these ligands such as (i) conjugate arylations, alkenylation, and alkynylation, (ii) imine-arylations and alkenylations, (iii) kinetic resolutions, (iv) allylation, (v) cyclizations, (vi) defluorinations, (vii) CH bond activations, and (viii) cross-dimerizations are reviewed.     

Multi-component syntheses of heterocycles by transition-metal catalysis

For a long time multi-component syntheses of heterocycles have undeniably been a domain of classical carbonyl condensation chemistry. However, the advent of transition-metal catalysis not only has fertilized strategies in heterocyclic synthesis by uni- and bimolecular transformations but the past decade has also witnessed a rapid development of transition-metal catalysis in new multi-component reactions (MCR). Expectedly, palladium catalyzed processes have received a dominant position, yet, other transition-metal complexes are catching up implying organometallic elementary steps that reach even further than cross-coupling and carbometallation. Besides domino MCRs that are purely based upon organometallic catalysis the sequential and consecutive combination with condensation, addition and cycloaddition steps opens a vast playground for the invention of new sequences in heterocyclic synthesis. This tutorial review outlines the underlying reaction based principles of transition-metal catalysis in multi-component syntheses of heterocycles, summarizes recent developments of palladium catalyzed MCR, and highlights the more recent contributions to MCR based heterocyclic synthesis by virtue of rhodium, ruthenium, and copper catalysis.     

Recent advances in indoline synthesis

Indoline is an important structural motif present in several biologically active compounds from both natural and synthetic origins. The occurrence of this heterocyclic unity in these compounds is closely related to the biological activities they exhibit. This fact stimulated efforts that have been made worldwide to develop new synthetic approaches to prepare indolines. In this paper we reviewed critically the methods for indoline synthesis developed in the last years (from 2010 to 2018).     

Recent advances in heterogeneous catalysis for the nonoxidative conversion of methane

The direct conversion of methane to high-value chemicals is an attractive process that efficiently uses abundant natural/shale gas to provide an energy supply. The direct conversion of methane to high-value chemicals is an attractive process that efficiently uses abundant natural/shale gas to provide an energy supply. Among all the routes used for methane transformation, nonoxidative conversion of methane is noteworthy owing to its highly economic selectivity to bulk chemicals such as aromatics and olefins. Innovations in catalysts for selective C–H activation and controllable C–C coupling thus play a key role in this process and have been intensively investigated in recent years. In this review, we briefly summarize the recent advances in conventional metal/zeolite catalysts in the nonoxidative coupling of methane to aromatics, as well as the newly emerging single-atom based catalysts for the conversion of methane to olefins. The emphasis is primarily the experimental findings and the theoretical understanding of the active sites and reaction mechanisms. We also present our perspectives on the design of catalysts for C–H activation and C–C coupling of methane, to shed some light on improving the potential industrial applications of the nonoxidative conversion of methane into chemicals.

The direct conversion of methane to high-value chemicals is an attractive process that efficiently uses abundant natural/shale gas to provide an energy supply.     

Recent advances in synthesis of ketenimines

Ketenimines are a kind of reactive species that can be used as synthetic intermediates. In the last two decades, there has been a surge of interest in this class of building blocks and their applications, which has led to extensive research on ketenimine derivatives such as fluorine ketenimine, metal complexes of ketenimines, and the various methods of their preparation. Ketenimines have been prepared by a variety of methods, including photolysis, elimination, or rearrangement reactions. As well as, ketenimines can be prepared using a variety of useful reagents, including isocyanates, copper acetylide, amides, organometallic compounds, and metal complexes. An overview of these achievements is presented here.     

Recent advances in the synthesis of well-defined glycopolymers

Glycopolymers are receiving increasing interest due to their application in areas, such as glycomics, medicine, biotechnology, sensors, and separation science. Consequently, new methods for their synthesis are constantly being developed, with an increasing emphasis on the preparation of well-defined polymers and on the production of complex macromolecular architectures such as stars. This review covers recent developments in the synthesis of glycopolymers, with a particular emphasis on (i) the use of controlled radical polymerization to prepare well-defined glycopolymers from unprotected monomers and (ii) postpolymerization modification strategies using reactive polymer precursors (including “click” reactions). Recent work on the production of glycosylated polypeptides, which are under investigation as mimics of naturally occurring glycoproteins, is also included. The authors offer some suggestions as to future developments and remaining challenges in this topical area of polymer chemistry. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci PartA: Polym Chem45: 2059–2072, 2007     

Recent advances in the synthesis of polymeric surfactants

This article summarises the recent advances made in the synthesis of polymeric surfactants, particularly in the year 2000. One emerging theme is the increasing use of living radical polymerisation chemistry to prepare a wide range of new polymeric surfactants, which are expected to find use in many diverse areas. These include the preparation of new colloidal nanostructures, novel latex stabilisers and emulsifiers and various biomedical applications.     

Recent advances in the synthesis of complex N-glycopeptides

This review describes the recent advances in the development of efficient strategies, chemical, enzymatic and chemo-enzymatic, for the synthesis of complex N-glycopeptides. A selected number of illustrative examples will also be discussed.