1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物合成及其生物活性研究进展

1,3,4-噻二唑是含有N、S杂原子的五元杂环化合物,具有多种生物活性。目前,1,3,4-噻二唑及其衍生物广泛用于生物、医药等领域,尤其在抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗癌等方面的研究已取得重大突破。由于1,3,4-噻二唑结构的特殊性以及优越的生物活性,对其进行研究有重要意义。本文主要概述了近年来1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物的几种合成方法以及其在抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗癌方面的研究进展。     

1,3,4—噻二唑的α—氨基膦酸酯衍生物的合成及其生物活性

利用２－氨基－５－烷基－１,３,４－噻二唑、芳笛醛和亚磷酸三苯酯泊类Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应,合成了一系列１,３,４－噻二唑的α－氨基膦酸酯生物。它们的结构级元素分析、ＩＲ,ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ这。初步生物活性测试结果表明,目标化合物对５种病人有一定的抑制作用。     

1,2,3-噻二唑-4-乙酰胺(吗啉)类衍生物的合成与生物活性

以双乙烯酮为起始原料, 设计并合成了一系列新颖的1,2,3-噻二唑-4-乙酰苯胺(吗啉)类化合物, 通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱对其结构进行了表征. 生物活性测试结果表明,部分化合物具有一定的抗TMV活性、 植物生长调节活性和杀菌活性.     

新型1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物的合成

以5-氨基-2-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑为起始原料,对其2-位的巯基、5-位的氨基及杂环上3-位N原子进行结构修饰,合成了24个新型的1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和元素分析表征。     

噻二唑及其衍生物的制备

合成了2，5-二流基-1，3，4-噻二唑及其八种胺盐衍生物和两种Mannich反应衍生物。测定了胺盐衍生物的部分物理常数和两种Mannich反应物的红外光谱、核磁1H谱数据，为杂环化合物润滑油添加剂的开发奠定基础。     

噻二唑衍生物的合成及摩擦学性能研究

以 2 ,5-二巯基 -1 ,3,4 -噻二唑为原料合成了两种 2 ,5-二烷氧甲硫基 -1 ,3,4 -噻二唑衍生物 ,运用红外光谱′H核磁共振谱和元素分析测定了这些化合物的分子结构。在四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察了这两种化合物的极压、减摩和抗磨性能以及结构与性能的关系 ,并与ZDDP(T2 0 2 )进行了比较。结果表明 ,这些衍生物具有良好的极压和抗磨损性能 ,在低于 30 0N负荷条件下具有和T2 0 2 相似的抗磨损性能 ,而在高于 30 0N负荷和质量分数低于 1 %的条件下具有比T2 0 2 更好的抗磨损性能。     

具有生物活性的1,3,4-噻二唑并[3,2-a]-1,3,5-三嗪衍生物的合成方法

由1，3，4-噻二唑和1，3，5-三嗪稠合而成的1，3，4-噻二唑并[3，2．a]-1，3，5-三嗪衍生物具有广泛的生物活性，是一类重要的药用物质。本文对其在近二十年的合成方法进行了综述，重点介绍通过1，3，4-噻二唑衍生物为母体的合成方法。参考文献45篇。     

吲唑衍生物的合成及其生物活性的研究

报道了１０种吲唑衍射生物合成及其初步生物活性的测定结果，结构经＾１ＨＮＭＲ，ＩＲ元素分析等证实。     

吡唑衍生物的合成及生物活性

以５－吡唑甲酰肼（７，８）为原料合成了４类共３０种新化合物，这些化合物的结构均经＾１Ｈ ＮＭＲ，元素分析证实，部分化合物还经过了ＭＳ、ＩＲ确证，对大部分化合物做了生物活性测试，结果表明均具有一定的杀菌和除草活性。     

新型1,3,4-噻二唑硫醚哒嗪酮衍生物的合成及生物活性

以糠氯酸为原料,与叔丁基肼盐酸盐环合制得2-叔丁基-4,5-二氯-3(2H)哒嗪酮,随后与新合成的5-胺基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫醇衍生物发生亲核取代反应,反应合成了11个新型1,3,4-噻二唑硫醚哒嗪酮衍生物（7a~7k）。化合物的结构均经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、IR、ESI-MS和元素分析表征。采用生长速率法测试了化合物对小麦赤霉病菌(G. zeae)、辣椒枯萎病菌(F. oxysporum)、苹果腐烂病菌(C. mandshurica)3种菌株的杀菌活性,在100 mg/L浓度下,化合物7a对小麦赤霉病菌的抑制率38.6%;7f对辣椒枯萎病菌的抑制率为54.6%。      

多亚甲基桥连双(2-氨基-5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑)化合物的合成与表征

通过２－氨基－５－甲基－１,３,４－噻二唑与对甲基苯磺酰氯反应后再与多亚甲基双澳反应得到新化合物（１ａ～１ｅ）,１ａ～１ｅ醇解得５个新标题化合物。并由元素分析、ＩＲ和１ＨＮＭＲ确定了所有新化合物的结构。     

新型2-胺基-1,3,4-噻二唑类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性的研究

设计合成了一系列新型的N1-(5-取代基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-N3-取代苯基-脲类化合物,并测定了它们的抗肿瘤活性.标题化合物对肿瘤转移的生物活性实验是以荷Lewis肺癌小鼠为模型的.生物活性表明部分标题化合物对肿瘤的转移和肿瘤生长具有较好的抑制作用.其结构经元素分析、红外光谱及1H NMR确证.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-amino-2-pyrones as selective cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors

A group of 3-amino-2-pyrones were synthesized and their biological activities were evaluated for inhibiting cyclooxygenase（COX） activity.This study has led to the identification of COX-1-selective inhibitors.Among the tested compounds,the compound 5j exhibited the most potent COX-1 inhibitory activity(IC₅₀ = 19.32μg/mL) and COX-1 selectivity index（SI = 41.98）.     

2,3-二取代-5-羟基苯并呋喃衍生物的合成

用1,4-环己二酮与联二酮的缩合反应首次合成了4个未见文献报道的标题化合物,结构经IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析等测试确证,并对反应条件进行了初步探讨.结果表明,以LiCl作为催化剂,用1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮(DMI)为溶剂,于200℃反应1 h时收率最高.     

Design,Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Novel Thioureas Containing 1,3,4-Thiadiazole and Thioether Skeleton

To find new lead compounds with high antifungal activity, a series of new thiourea derivatives containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole and thioether skeleton was designed via linking the active sub-structures. The target compounds were prepared via three steps from the commercially available thiosemicarbazide. Their structures were characterized by means of HRMS, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and IR spectroscopy. The preliminary results indicate that the title compounds show various antifungal activity against the tested fungi. Compounds 4c, 4g, 4h, 4k, 4n, 4o, 4p, 4q and 4r display excellent antifungal activities against one or more tested fungi with inhibitory efficiencies of 90%-100% at 200 μg/mL. Especially, compound 4o shows the best inhibitory effect against Curvularia lunata, Cotton Fusarium Wilt, P. P. var nicotianae and Fusarium spp. with the EC₅₀ values of 28.12, 30.41, 15.2 and 6.22 μg/mL, respectively, which are even superior to those of triadimefon(98.73, 96.58, 105.37 and 102.18 μg/mL). The preliminary structure-activity relationship indicates that allyl and aromatic groups are favorable to their antifungal activities.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Biological Activity of N-tert-butyl-N-(4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole)-5-yl-N’-(4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole)-5-formyl-N’-3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl-diacylhydrazine

The title compound N-tert-butyl-N-(4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole)-5-yl-N'-(4-me-thyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole)-5-formyl-N'-3,5-dichloropyrid-2-yl-diacylhydrazines (C18H17Cl2N7O3S2, Mr = 514.41) has been synthesized by the reaction of N-tert-butyl-N'-3,6-dichloropyridine-2-formyl hydrazine with 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carbonyl chloride and triethylamine, and its structure was characterized by 1H NMR, HR MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal of the title compound belongs to monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 27.726(8), b = 11.045(3), c = 14.507(4), β = 96.758(4)°, Z = 8, V = 4412(2) 3, Dc = 1.549 g/cm3, μ = 0.521 mm-1, F(000) = 2112, R = 0.0405 and wR = 0.1153. X-ray analysis indicates that all rings are non-planar in this molecule. The bioassay results indicate that both the title compound and the positive control RH-5992 have weak fungicide activities, while the title compound has good insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella L. and no insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens.     

3,6-二取代苯基-二-1,2,4-三唑并[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物的合成

以2,5-二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑为原料, 与水合肼缩合, 生成2,5-二肼基-1,3,4-噻二唑. 2,5-二肼基-1,3,4-噻二唑与苯甲酰氯反应生成2,5-二酰肼基-1,3,4-噻二唑, 以POCl₃为环合剂环合酰肼基-1,3,4-噻二唑, 合成3,6-二取代苯基- 二-1,2,4-三唑并[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物, 合成的新化合物的结构通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱予以证实, 并提出了环化反应机理.     

含有1H-1,2,4-三唑咪唑[2,1-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑、S-三唑[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物的合成及生物活性

合成了18个含有1H-1,2,4-三唑的咪唑[2,1-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑以及S-三唑[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑的稠杂环衍生物,经元素分析及谱学表征,探讨2,5,6-三取代咪唑[2,1-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑的可能生成机制.对大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、枯草杆菌等初步抑菌试验证明,多数化合物表现了较好的抑菌活性.     

5-苄基-4-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑席夫碱合成与生物活性研究

为进一步研究三唑席夫碱化合物的合成与性质,以熔融法合成中间体5-苄基-4-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑,再与取代醛在冰醋酸催化下回流反应合成了6个1,2,4-三唑席夫碱化合物,其结构通过元素分析,红外光谱,核磁共振氢谱进行了表征。生物测试结果表明,合成的三唑席夫碱化合物对烟草赤星病、马铃薯干腐病、小麦赤霉病、番茄早疫病、西瓜枯萎病5种植物病原菌具有较好的抑菌活性。     

Synthesis,characterization, computational studies and biological activities of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of 2-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives

Abstract

Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes of 2-Amino-5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AET) and 2-Amino-5-(ethylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AEST) have been synthesized and characterized based on elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, infrared (4000–400 cm^?1), mass spectrometry (ESI and MALDI), UV–Vis (200–1100 nm) and thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). Molar conductance measurements proved that [M(L)₂(H₂O)₂]Cl₂·H₂O are electrolytic complexes where M represents Co, Ni, and Cu divalent metal ions. The geometrical isomerism of [M(L)₂(H₂O)₂]²⁺ ions were investigated by DFT-B3LYP calculations incorporated in Gaussian09 package; it favored the all trans isomers due to having the lowest energy points on the potential energy surface. The outcome of DFT-B3LYP quantum mechanical calculations using 6-31G(d) basis set favor six-coordinate sites via a bidentate ligand through exo amino and adjacent endo thiadiazole nitrogen (N₃) donors. These results were consistent with magnetic measurements combined with infrared and UV–Vis spectral interpretations. The predicted metal–ligand binding energies from B3LYP/6-31G(d) calculations follow the trend Cu²⁺>Ni²⁺>Co²⁺, in agreement with the Irving–Williams series. Both AET and AEST ligands and the synthesized complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity and the outcome was high antimicrobial activity of the complexes compared to the free ligands against one or more microbial species and in some cases (copper complexes) higher activity than standard drugs.