复杂高耸结构风振响应研究

本文提出了基于高频动态测力天平试验的风振响应的频域分析方法,采用该方法可以用来求解复杂高耸结构的三维耦联风振响应,并给出了利用高频动态测力天平试验来确定广义模态力谱的计算方法.该方法利用高频动态测力天平试验得到的基底剪力自谱、基底弯矩自谱以及基底剪力与弯矩的互谱与脉动风荷载的自谱密度的相互关系并通过引入振型修正系数来求得广义模态力谱,求解结构的三维耦联风振响应.然后,采用本文方法对在建的河南省广播电视发射塔的风振响应进行了研究,结果表明横风向的位移和加速度响应的均方根值要大于顺风向,因此在计算中必须考虑横风向风振的影响.最后本文对计算振型数目和模态耦联项对结构风振响应的影响进行了分析.本文的方法对于求解复杂高耸结构的风振响应具有重要的借鉴意义.     

高耸结构锁定激励响应和极限风压研究

本文从升力振子模型着手,以国外试验数据为依据,详细研究了锁定现象的流固耦联作用机理和对应的高耸结构横向风振的主要形式——涡致锁定激励响应,提出了合理的响应计算方法。在这些研究基础上本文还讨论了横风向受力为主的一类高耸结构的破坏风荷载计算,该研究充分体现了锁定现象的非线性激振特性。     

双曲冷却塔与土壤相互作用时的随机阵风响应

本文在文[6]的基础上,应用随机振动的谱分析法和全尺寸风压的实测数据,分析了双曲冷却塔壳-支承系统-基础-无限域土壤这一完整系统的随机阵风响应,得到壳体和环形基础的阵风响应因子。文中考虑了不同类型的土壤和风压相关性等因素对阵风响应因子的影响,并给出数值计算结果。     

某电厂自然通风冷却塔塔群风载荷研究

自然通风冷却塔属高耸的薄壳结构,在风载荷作用下冷却塔顶部的位移可超 过壁厚的数倍,对风载荷极为敏感,特别是在塔群情况下,风速、风压分布和塔间气流十分复 杂. 根据某电厂不规则塔群风洞试验结果,提出塔群条件下自然通风冷却塔设计风荷 载取值的几点意见,可供工程参考.     

三种典型子午线型大型冷却塔风致响应分析

为研究大型双曲冷却塔不同子午线型对其在风荷载作用下强度和稳定的影响,根据某实际工程建立有限元模型,分析了不同子午线型对冷却塔动力特性的影响,比较了规范静风载荷作用下不同线型冷却塔塔筒和支柱风致响应的差异,探讨了线型变化对冷却塔稳定性的影响.结果表明:子午线型的优化在冷却塔结构设计中是十分必要的, "矮胖"型冷却塔基频更高,但其抗风承载性能和稳定性比"高瘦"型塔弱,风致内力和位移响应也较大.     

基于风时程模拟的高耸结构风致响应有限元分析

高耸结构柔性较大,对风荷载较为敏感,相比一般风的影响,台风作用下的高耸结构更易产生强烈的动力响应.考虑台风的基本特性,选取合适的台风风速谱,运用数值模拟方法,仿真得到了与结构竖向相关的18条脉动风载时程样本.采用有限元方法建立某高耸钢塔结构的三维有限元模型,并在时域内研究其在台风作用下的动力响应.侧重比较研究了结构线性与非线性对高耸钢塔结构风致动力响应影响,并与采用经典的Davenport谱的计算结果进行了比较.研究表明:同一种风谱计算的风载作用下,考虑几何非线性影响的高耸结构风致位移响应略大于线性情况下的计算结果,但差别不是太大;采用台风风谱计算风致结构动力响应的峰值和均方差比采用Davenport谱的计算结果大得多.     

门字型输电塔风振响应分析及风振系数的确定

门字型塔是一种综合性能比较好的钻越塔,风荷载对这种高柔结构的影响很大,但实际设计中风振系数按规范统一取值不是很合理,且取值较大,偏于保守。故本文针对门字型输电塔在脉动风作用下的响应、风振系数的求法及合理取值进行专门研究。主要建立了门字型塔ANSYS有限元模型,进行了模态分析;以Davenport风速谱为脉动风功率自谱,应用AR法编制程序顺风模拟了风荷载时程曲线,将由模拟风计算出的风载加载至门字型塔各塔段上对其进行动力时程分析,计算了风振系数并与高耸结构设计规范值进行了比较。研究结果表明:在风载作用下,塔身和横担均会产生较为明显的动力响应;塔身、横担风振系数可取均值,分别为1.39、1.59;规范计算得到的风振系数和本文时程分析得到的风振系数变化规律基本接近,但规范取值较大。     

土—结构相互作用对高柔结构风振响应TMD控制的影响

文中研究了土－结构相互作用对高层,高耸结构风振响应TMD控制的影响,讨论了结构不同基础类型和不同地在土介质对TMD风振控制效率的影响,数值结构表明,土－结构相互作用对风振响应TMD控制的影响不同于对地震响应TMD控制的影响。     

考虑环形基础及土壤刚度时双曲冷却塔的动力特性

近年来,已有许多关于双曲冷却塔动力特性的文章.但塔壳的底部都是固定的,或者将其离散支柱系统考虑为弹性边界条件.本文将双曲冷却塔的离散柱支承系统处理为一个等效的壳体单元,同时考虑双曲冷却塔的环形基础及土壤刚度,使用解析法与半解析有限元法相结合计算了完整的双曲冷却塔系统的动力特性.其自然频率比不考虑环形基础和土壤刚度时略低一些,而冷却塔的振形则变化较大。     

高耸塔台结构抗风实验研究

本文对首都机场新塔台结构的刚性模型和气动弹性模型进行了风洞试验研究。提出了考虑弗劳德数等一系列相似参数模拟的高耸塔台结构气动弹性模型的设计制作方法。获得了高耸塔台结构的风压分布规律及加速度风振响应特性。     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

基于鲁棒滤波的捷联导引头视线角速度估计方法

针对捷联导引头无法直接获取视线角速度等信息的问题,研究了鲁棒滤波在大气层外飞行器捷联导引头视线角速度估计中的应用。为了建立非线性滤波估计模型,考虑目标视线角速度的慢变特性,采用一阶马尔科夫模型建立了状态方程;推导了视线角速度的解耦模型,并建立了量测方程;考虑到实际应用中存在系统噪声统计特性失准的问题,基于Huber-Based鲁棒滤波方法,设计了视线角速度滤波器,并完成了基于Huber-Based滤波方法和扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的数学仿真。仿真结果表明Huber-Based滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度分别达到0.1140'、0.1423'/s、0.0203'/s2,而扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度仅分别为0.6577'、0.6415'/s、0.0979'/s~2。仿真结果证明了该方法可以有效地估计出相对视线角速度等信息,并且在非高斯噪声的条件下,依然可获得较高的估计精度,具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Guide for authors

正Each of the sections below provides essential information for authors.We recommend that you take the time to read them before submitting a contribution to Acta Mechanica Sinica.We hope our guide to authors may help you navigate to the appropriate section.How to prepare a submission This document provides an outline of the editorial process involved in publishing a scientific paper in Acta Mechanica     

Use specification of multiscale materials for life spanned over macro-, micro-, nano-, and pico-scale

Multiscale material intends to enhance the strength and life of mechanical systems by matching the transmitted spatiotemporal energy distribution to the constituents at the different scale, say—macro, micro, nano, and pico,—, depending on the needs. Lower scale entities are, particularly, critical to small size systems. Large structures are less sensitive to microscopic effects. Scale shifting laws will be developed for relating test data from nano-, micro-, and macro-specimens. The benefit of reinforcement at the lower scale constituents needs to be justified at the macroscopic scale. Filling the void and space in regions of high energy density is considered.Material inhomogeneity interacts with specimen size. Their combined effect is non-equilibrium. Energy exchange between the environment and specimen becomes increasingly more significant as the specimen size is reduced. Perturbation of the operational conditions can further aggravate the situation. Scale transitional functions and/or f_j/j+1 are introduced to quantify these characteristics. They are represented, respectively, by , and (f_mi/ma,f_na/mi,f_pi/na). The abbreviations pi, na, mi, and ma refer to pico, nano, micro and macro.Local damage is assumed to initiate at a small scale, grows to a larger scale, and terminate at an even larger scale. The mechanism of energy absorption and dissipation will be introduced to develop a consistent book keeping system. Compaction of mass density for constituents of size 10⁻¹², 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³ m, will be considered. Energy dissipation at all scales must be accounted for. Dissipations at the smaller scale must not only be included but they must abide by the same physical and mathematical interpretation, in order to avoid inconsistencies when making connections with those at the larger scale where dissipations are eminent.Three fundamental Problems I, II, and III are stated. They correspond to the commonly used service conditions. Reference is made to a Representative Tip (RT), the location where energy absorption and dissipation takes place. The RT can be a crack tip or a particle. At the larger size scales, RT can refer to a region. Scale shifting of results from the very small to the very large is needed to identify the benefit of using multiscale materials.     

Impact non-pénétrant sur le thorax : influence de la courbure sur la propagation des ondesNonpenetrating impact on the thorax: influence of curvature on wave propagation

Theoretical studies of the propagation of impact waves through the thorax are needed to improve the design of bulletproof jackets and blast protections (Fung in ‘Biomechanics Motions, Flow, Stress, and Growth’, Springer-Verlag, 1990; Cooper et al., J. Trauma 40 (1996) S38–S41). The influence of the weak acoustic coupling at the interface between the thoracic wall and the lung were described in (Grimal et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. IIB 329 (2001) 655–662); in this work, we study, within the frame of elastodynamics and with an approximate analytical method, the effects of the curvature of this interface. Results are given in terms of strain energy for the pressure wave, transmitted or converted. Focalisation of energy in the medium representing the lung is important for curvatures measured in humans. To cite this article: Q. Grimal et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 569–574.     

Vérification expérimentale de la relation de réciprocité d'Onsager pour l'électro-osmose et l'électro-filtration dans une argile naturelleExperimental verification of the Onsager's reciprocal relations for electro-osmosis and electro-filtration phenomena on a saturated clay

This Note is devoted to the experimental verification of the Onsager's reciprocal relations in the particular case of electro-osmosis and electro-filtration. A special set up has been designed to carry out the measurements of both the electro-osmotic permeability and the streaming potential. This has been performed by using a natural material i.e., saturated kaolinite. To cite this article: K. Beddiar et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 893–898.