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1.
We investigate the asymmetries arising due to electromagnetic interactions in largeP
T pion inclusive processes. The hardqcd processes that contribute to such asymmetries areq+g→q+γ,q+q→g+γ etc. which are suspected to be substantial, as indicated by theqcd predictions for a significant and increasingγ/π
o ratio at largeP
T. We calculate the expected isospin related asymmetries and propose tests that might detect them. Our estimates indicate that
the effects are much smaller than may be naively expected. We also observe a remarkable scaling of asymmetries in the variableP
T/(s)1/2. 相似文献
2.
It is demonstrated that the practical range of a beta spectrum (E
max=E) in any material can be obtained from mass absorption coefficient (μ/ρ) values. It is further shown that a semiempirical relation likeμ/ρ =AE
−B in whichA andB are related to the atomic numberZ, of the absorber can be used for determiningμ/ρ of any material of known atomic numberZ. Theβ particle ranges are compared with theoreticalcsda and practical ranges from literature. 相似文献
3.
We perform rigorously the charge renormalization of the so-called reduced Bogoliubov-Dirac-Fock (rBDF) model. This nonlinear
theory, based on the Dirac operator, describes atoms and molecules while taking into account vacuum polarization effects.
We consider the total physical density ρ
ph including both the external density of a nucleus and the self-consistent polarization of the Dirac sea, but no ‘real’ electron.
We show that ρ
ph admits an asymptotic expansion to any order in powers of the physical coupling constant α
ph, provided that the ultraviolet cut-off behaves as L ~ e3p(1-Z3)/2aph >> 1{\Lambda\sim e^{3\pi(1-Z_3)/2\alpha_{\rm ph}} \gg 1}. The renormalization parameter 0 < Z
3 < 1 is defined by Z
3 = α
ph/α, where α is the bare coupling constant. The coefficients of the expansion of ρ
ph are independent of Z
3, as expected. The first order term gives rise to the well-known Uehling potential, whereas the higher order terms satisfy
an explicit recursion relation. 相似文献
4.
We investigate the effect of the isotropic velocity-dependent potentials on the bound state energy eigenvalues of the Morse potential for any quantum states. When the velocity-dependent term is used as a constant parameter, ρ(r) = ρ 0, the energy eigenvalues can be obtained analytically by using the Pekeris approximation. When the velocity-dependent term is considered as an harmonic oscillator type, ρ(r) = ρ 0 r 2, we show how to obtain the energy eigenvalues of the Morse potential without any approximation for any n and ℓ quantum states by using numerical calculations. The calculations have been performed for different energy eigenvalues and different numerical values of ρ 0, in order to show the contribution of the velocity-dependent potential on the energy eigenvalues of the Morse potential. 相似文献
5.
B Sidhanta 《Pramana》1984,23(6):715-719
We affirm the power of the eikonal approximation in reggeon field theory (rft) and point out its merit as contrasted with renormalization group method for calculating reggeon self-energy correction due
to pomeron exchanges. Relative merits ofrft andqcd in appropriate momentum regions of hadronic interactions are also examined to suggest a negative answer to the title. 相似文献
6.
M. F. Sarry 《Technical Physics》1998,43(10):1137-1144
A universal derivation of the thermodynamic equations on the basis of a combined analysis of the exact relations for any material
— the virial theorem, the shock adiabat, and the differential thermodynamic identity relating the thermic and caloric equations
of state of matter — is given. This combination makes it possible to reduce the fundamental problem of thermodynamics to a
boundary-value problem of mathematical physics. Analytic relations T
s=T(P
s,ρ
s and T
s=T(D,u) are obtained for classical systems.
Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 1–9 (October 1998) 相似文献
7.
A simple acceleration of convergence technique known as the ‘ε-convergence algorithm’ (ea) is applied to determine the critical temperatures and exponents. Several illustrations involving well-known series expansions
appropriate to two- and three-dimensional Ising models, three-dimensional Heisenberg models, etc., are given. Apart from this,
a few recently studied ferrimagnetic systems have also been analysed to emphasise the generality of the approach. Where exact
solutions are available, our estimates obtained from this procedure are in excellent agreement. In the case of other models,
the critical parameters we have obtained are consistent with other estimates such as those of the Padé approximants and group
theoretic methods.
The same procedure is applied to the partial virial series for hard spheres and hard discs and it is demonstrated that the
divergence of pressure occurs when the close-packing density is reached. The asymptotic form for the virial equation of state
is found to beP/ρkT ∼ (1 −ρ/ρ
c
−1 for hard spheres and hard discs.
Apart from the estimation of ‘critical parameters’, we have applied theea and the parametrised Euler transformation to sum the partial, truncated virial series for hard spheres and hard discs. The
resulting values of pressure so obtained, compare favourably with the molecular dynamics results. 相似文献
8.
9.
D. Dudal S. P. Sorella N. Vandersickel H. Verschelde 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2009,64(1):147-159
This paper presents a complete algebraic proof of the renormalizability of the gauge invariant d=4 operator F
μ
ν
2(x) to all orders of perturbation theory in pure Yang–Mills gauge theory, whereby working in the Landau gauge. This renormalization
is far from being trivial as mixing occurs with other d=4 gauge variant operators, which we identify explicitly. We determine the mixing matrix Z to all orders in perturbation theory by using only algebraic arguments and consequently we can uncover a renormalization
group invariant by using the anomalous dimension matrix Γ derived from Z. We also present a future plan for calculating the mass of the lightest scalar glueball with the help of the framework we
have set up. 相似文献
10.
Magnetoresistance is studied in a strongly correlated 2D electron system in Si in the critical regime in the close vicinity
of the 2D metal-insulator transition. Our data are self-consistently compared with solutions of two equations of the crossover
renormalization group theory, which describes temperature evolutions of the resistivity and interaction parameters for 2D
electron systems. Good agreement is found between the ρ(T, B
∥) data and the renormalization group theory in a wide range of the in-plane fields, 0–2.1 T. This agreement supports the interpretation
of the observed 2D MIT as the true quantum phase transition.
The text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
11.
Valentin Ahrens Thomas Becher Matthias Neubert Li Lin Yang 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2009,62(2):333-353
We use renormalization-group methods in effective field theory to improve the theoretical prediction for the cross section
for Higgs-boson production at hadron colliders. In addition to soft-gluon resummation at N3LL, we also resum enhanced contributions of the form (C
A
π
α
s
)
n
, which arise in the analytic continuation of the gluon form factor to time-like momentum transfer. This resummation is achieved
by evaluating the matching corrections arising at the Higgs-boson mass scale at a time-like renormalization point μ
2<0, followed by renormalization-group evolution to μ
2>0. We match our resummed result to NNLO fixed-order perturbation theory and give numerical predictions for the total production
cross section as a function of the Higgs-boson mass. Resummation effects are significant even at NNLO, where our improved
predictions for the cross sections at the Tevatron and the LHC exceed the fixed-order predictions by about 13% and 8%, respectively,
for m
H
=120 GeV. We also discuss the application of our technique to other time-like processes such as Drell–Yan production, e
+
e
−→hadrons, and hadronic decays of the Higgs boson. 相似文献
12.
A study is reported of the dependence of magnetoresistance Δρ/ρ on the square of magnetization σ
2 of the semiconducting spinelide Cu0.625Ga0.375Cr2Se4, which exhibits a low-temperature transition from long-range magnetic order (LRMO) to the spin glass (SG) state in strong
magnetic fields. It is shown that at the freezing temperature T
f the Δρ/ρ(σ
2) relations change their slope, and that below T
f this slope is about one half that for T>T
f. This finding, together with the earlier observation that the freezing temperature does not depend on the frequency of the
ac magnetic field in which it was measured, suggests that the spin-glass phase consists of spins of individual Cr3+ ions, and that the SG-LRMO crossover is a phase transition.
Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 315–317 (February 1998) 相似文献
13.
Satish D Joglekar 《Pramana》1988,31(6):461-467
We discuss renormalization of an O(3) gauge model with the gauge fixing term given by ℒg.f.=-1/ζ|(∂μ-igA
3
μ
)W
+μ|2-(1/2α)(∂A
3)2. We utilize earlier results on the general theory of renormalization of gauge theories in quadratic gauges to prove multiplicative
renormalizability of the theory together with a subtractive renormalization of gauge fixing and ghost terms. We show that
this model has a double BRS invariance and that it is preserved under renormalization. 相似文献
14.
V. A. Shklovskii A. K. Soroka A. A. Soroka 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》1999,89(6):1138-1153
The nonlinear resistive properties of superconductors in the mixed state in the presence of a system of unidirectional planar
defects (twins) have been investigated theoretically within the framework of the two-dimensional stochastic model of anisotropic
pinning based on the Fokker-Planck equations with a concrete form of the pinning potential. These equations allow one to obtain
an exact analytical solution of the problem. Formulas are obtained for experimentally observable even and odd (relative to
reversal of the direction of the external magnetic field) nonlinear longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistivities ρ
‖,⊥
±
( j,t,α,ε) as functions of the transport current density j, temperature t, the angle α between the directions of the current and the twins, and the relative volume fraction ε occupied by the twins. In light of the great variety of types of nonlinear resistive dependences contained in these expressions
for ρ
‖,⊥
±
the most characteristic of them are presented in the form of graphs with commentary. The desired nonlinear dependences ρ
‖,⊥
±
are linear combinations of the even and odd parts of the function v(j,t, α,ε), which has the sense of the probability of overcoming the potential barrier of the twins; this makes it possible to give
a simple physical treatment of the nonlinear regimes. New scaling relations for the Hall conductivity are obtained and investigated
which differ from the previously known relations for isotropic pinning. The interaction of vortex motion directed along the
twins and the Hall effect is considered for Hall constants which are arbitrary in magnitude and sign, and it is shown that
in the case of small Hall viscosity vortex motion directed along the twins has an effect on the odd magnetoresistivities ρ
‖
−
and ρ
⊥
−
, whereas the reverse effect can be neglected. It is shown that pinning anisotropy is sufficient to manifest the new nonlinear
(in the current) magnetoresistivities ρ
⊥
+
and ρ
‖
−
.
Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 116, 2103–2129 (December 1999) 相似文献
15.
Using the Wigner-Kirkwood expansion and bare Lennard-Jones (LJ) (12-6) potential, an effectiveLJ potential is derived, which includes the quantum effects through the expressions of the effective diameter∂(T, λ) and well-depth
(T, λ). We use theWCA perturbation theory to calculate the free energy and pressure for theLJ and effectiveLJ potentials. Simple analytic expressions are given for the reference system and the first order correction calculated. The
results are quite good at high density. The quantum effects on the free energy and pressure are also discussed. 相似文献
16.
A ππ, ˉKK, and ρρ(ωω) fully coupled channel model is used to predict the lowest isospin S, P, D, F-wave phase shifts and inelasticities
for elastic ππ scattering from threshold to 2.0 GeV. As input the S-matrix is required to exhibit poles corresponding to the
meson resonance table of the Particle Data Group. As expected, the ππ inelasticity is very strongly related to the opening
of the ˉK channel near 1 GeV, and the opening of ρρ(4π) and ωω(6π) channels in the 1.5 GeV region. The predictions of this model are
compared to the various elastic ππ→ππ amplitudes, that were obtained from analyses of π− p →π−π+n data. The role of the various resonances, in particular the glueball candidate f
0(1500) and the f
J(1710) is investigated.
Received: 19 November 1997 相似文献
17.
We introduce a new class of two-dimensional cellular automata with a bootstrap percolation-like dynamics. Each site can be
either empty or occupied by a single particle and the dynamics follows a deterministic updating rule at discrete times which
allows only emptying sites. We prove that the threshold density ρ
c
for convergence to a completely empty configuration is non trivial, 0<ρ
c
<1, contrary to standard bootstrap percolation. Furthermore we prove that in the subcritical regime, ρ<ρ
c
, emptying always occurs exponentially fast and that ρ
c
coincides with the critical density for two-dimensional oriented site percolation on ℤ2. This is known to occur also for some cellular automata with oriented rules for which the transition is continuous in the
value of the asymptotic density and the crossover length determining finite size effects diverges as a power law when the
critical density is approached from below. Instead for our model we prove that the transition is discontinuous and at the same time the crossover length diverges faster than any power law. The proofs of the discontinuity and the lower bound on the crossover length use a conjecture on the critical behaviour for
oriented percolation. The latter is supported by several numerical simulations and by analytical (though non rigorous) works
through renormalization techniques. Finally, we will discuss why, due to the peculiar mixed critical/first order character of this transition, the model is particularly relevant to study glassy and jamming transitions. Indeed, we will show that
it leads to a dynamical glass transition for a Kinetically Constrained Spin Model. Most of the results that we present are
the rigorous proofs of physical arguments developed in a joint work with D.S. Fisher. 相似文献
18.
F. Di Renzo V. Miccio C. Torrero L. Scorzato 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2007,51(3):645-657
We present a high order perturbative computation of the renormalization constants ZV, ZA and of the ratio ZP/ZS for Wilson fermions. The computational setup is the one provided by the RI’-MOM scheme. Three- and four-loop expansions are made possible by numerical stochastic perturbation theory. Results are given
for various numbers of flavors and/or (within a finite accuracy) for generic nf up to three loops. For the case nf=2 we also present four-loop results. Finite-size effects are well under control, and the continuum limit is taken by means
of hypercubic symmetric Taylor expansions. The main indetermination comes from truncation errors, which should be assessed in connection with the convergence properties
of the series. The latter is best discussed in the framework of boosted perturbation theory, whose impact we try to assess
carefully. Final results and their uncertainties show that high-loop perturbative computations of lattice QCD renormalization
constants (RCs) are feasible and should not be viewed as a second choice. As a by-product, we discuss the perturbative expansion
for the critical mass, for which results are also for generic nf up to three loops, while a four-loop result is obtained for nf=2. 相似文献
19.
No Heading We show that the Dirac-von Neumann formalism for quantum mechanics can be obtained as an approximation of classical statistical
field theory. This approximation is based on the Taylor expansion (up to terms of the second order) of classical physical
variables – maps f : Ω → R, where Ω is the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. The space of classical statistical states consists of Gaussian measures
ρ on Ω having zero mean value and dispersion σ2(ρ) ≈ h. This viewpoint to the conventional quantum formalism gives the possibility to create generalized quantum formalisms based
on expansions of classical physical variables in the Taylor series up to terms of nth order and considering statistical states ρ having dispersion σ2(ρ) = hn (for n = 2 we obtain the conventional quantum formalism). 相似文献
20.
There are various situations in which it is natural to ask whether a given collection of k functions, ρ
j
(r
1,…,r
j
), j=1,…,k, defined on a set X, are the first k correlation functions of a point process on X. Here we describe some necessary and sufficient conditions on the ρ
j
’s for this to be true. Our primary examples are X=ℝ
d
, X=ℤ
d
, and X an arbitrary finite set. In particular, we extend a result by Ambartzumian and Sukiasian showing realizability at sufficiently
small densities ρ
1(r). Typically if any realizing process exists there will be many (even an uncountable number); in this case we prove, when
X is a finite set, the existence of a realizing Gibbs measure with k body potentials which maximizes the entropy among all realizing measures. We also investigate in detail a simple example
in which a uniform density ρ and translation invariant ρ
2 are specified on ℤ; there is a gap between our best upper bound on possible values of ρ and the largest ρ for which realizability can be established. 相似文献