共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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用时间分辨-傅立叶变换红外发射光谱法研究了OH自由基与CO的反应.OH自由基由248 nm的激光光解硝酸得到.在实验中首次观测到了产物CO2的非对称伸缩振动(ν3)的激发态.对CO2发射光谱的拟合结果显示,其振动态的布居在量子数v=2时最大 ,而最高振动量子数达到v=6.由实验得到的CO2振动布居与Schatz等人用全量子化计算该反应的中间物HOCO解离动力学得到的CO2布居结果能很好地吻合. 相似文献
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用时间分辨-傅里叶变换红外发射光谱研究了热的氢原子与CO2分子间高效率的平动-振动(T-V)能传递.热的氢原子由ArF激光光解H2S得到,这种氢原子的平动能为223 kJ/mol.实验中观察到了从2130 cm-1到2400 cm-1的红外发射谱带,它归属于高振动激发的CO2分子的非对称伸缩振动(v3).对这一发射谱带的光谱拟合显示CO2的非对称伸缩振动被激发到了较高的振动态,振动量子数达到了v=7.并且有5580 cm-1的能量经传能过程由氢原子到达了CO2的v3模.实验条件下氢原子与CO2的T-V传能效率为0.30.实验结果与Schatz等人的用3D半经典计算预测的碰撞截面符合的很好. 相似文献
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用ab initio能量梯度法(3-21G基组)分别优化CO_2与HCN、NH_3、H_2O_3个分子络合物的平衡几何构型。结果表明HCN、NH_3和H_2O中的N或O原子与CO_2中的C原子之间形成较弱的范德华键,三者的范德华键键长分别为0.2865、0.2775、0.2543nm,稳定化能分别为14.8、27.0、31.2kJ·mol~(-1),3个分子络合物的构型都呈T型,对3个分子络合物的稳定化能的能量分解研究表明它们的形成主要靠静电作用能。 相似文献
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研究了一些氧化物的H2-TPR及CO-TPR行为,结果发现,Co3O4/Al2O3,NiO/SiO2,NiO和Pd/NiO的H2-TPR温度要低于它们的CO-TPR温度,特别是Pd/NiO样品,它的H2-TPR温度为598K,而其CO-TPR温度高达949K,差别为351K,因此有可能利用Pd/NiO在一定温度下选择性地与CO中的H2反应而将其除去. 实验结果表明,Pd/NiO可在603K及4000h-1的条件下从H2(0.34%),CO(50%)和N2(余)的混合气中选择性地除去90%以上的H2,吸氢容量为每克样品55mL标准态H2. 相似文献
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用insituFTIR法研究了H2、CO及CO/H2在ZrO2表面的吸附行为.结果表明,H2在ZrO2表面吸附存在两种形态的羟基(即ZrOH和ZrOHZr),吸附温度增加,羟基数量增加.CO在200℃易与ZrO2表面羟基作用形成甲酸盐物种,吸附温度升高时,该物种逐渐分解生成CO和ZrOH.当CO和H2共存时,表面甲酸盐的量明显增加,并随温度增加,逐渐加氢形成甲氧基,最后生成甲烷.甲氧基的加氢过程较慢,所需反应温度也较高,被认为是CO加氢合成醇的速控步骤. 相似文献
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C2H3自由基与O2反应的红外发射光谱及反应通道 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The reaction of vinyl radicals with oxygen was investigated by Time-Resolved Fourier Transform infrared emission spectroscopy. The radicals were produced by the pulsed laser photolysis of C_2H_3Br at 248 nm. Vibrationally excited products of H_2CO(v1), HCO(v3), CO_2(v3, v), CH_3(v3), C_2H_2(v3), HO_2(v1), C_2H_2O_2(v3+v11), CO(v) formed in the C2H3+O_2 reaction have been observed. Four elementary reaction channels have been verified. 相似文献
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Rotationally inelastic collisions of NH2( Ã2A1), ∑(0,9,0), 303, 101 have been studied by measuring the dispersed fluorescence spectra at molecular beam conditions. The results show that the angular momentum transfer rule is much more successful than is that predicted by energy gap law for fitting the rotational energy transfer rate. For ΔN < 2 the transfer rates are getting slow down. Downward transfer rates are faster than those of upward transfer. With same angular momentum transferred, the transfer rates for Δka = 0 process are larger than those for Δka≠0. It is also found that rotation transfer process is a very efficient way for decaying of the initially pumped levels. About 60% of the initially pumped 303 is colliding into other rotational levels. Energy transfer reactions of metastable rare gas atoms (Rg*) with N2, NH3, CS2 were investigated by measuring the emission spectra. The preferential population of n(A″) of NH(c1II) was found in He(23S) + NH3 reaction, the experimental data shows II(A″)/II(A′) = 1.2 at J′ < 13. A high vibrational excitation and low rotational excitation of N2(C3n) were observed in Ne(3P02) + N2 reaction comparing with Ar(3P0.2) + N2 reaction. The detailed vibrational populations of CS2+ (Ã, B?) achieved by He(23S)/Ne(3P0.2) + CS2 reaction are different from those obtained by PES. The vibrational distributions of CH(A2Δ) obtained by He(23S) + CHC13 (CH3NO2) reactions were discussed based on statistical theory, special attention was paid to reveal the role played by tie angular momentum restriction in this process. The result on energy transfer between N2(a1 Π) and CO(X1 ∑) was firstly presented by VUV emission spectra at single collision condition. The mechanisms of energy transfer related to some of the reactions mentioned above were also discussed in the text. 相似文献
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Energy-transfer reaction from metastable CO(a~3П) molecule to CN radical has been studied in a room-temperature flow reactor. The CN (B-X, △v=0, ±1, ±2) violet emission bands were obtained. The △v=0 sequence of CN(B) were analyzed by computer simulation. The vibrational temperature is 3400 K. By using the reference reaction CO(a)+NO, the formation rate constant of CN(B) has been measured, k_(CN)(B)=1.1×10~(-11) cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1). 相似文献
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卟吩内氢迁移反应的理论研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
用B3LYP/6-31G~(* *)方法计算卟吩内氢迁移反应中的反应物、产物、中间体 、过渡态及其二级鞍点的结构与能量、结果表明,分步反应历程的几率较大,与实 验的预测一致,同时对几种理论研究的结果进行了分析比较。 相似文献
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H2NCH2CN+H2O→H2NCH2C(OH)NH是一个重要的反应, 涉及到星际媒介中甘氨酸的形成, 与早期地球上的氨基酸起源有关. 如果没有考虑氢隧道效应, 在MP2/6-311+G(d,p)级别上计算反应能垒是254.7 kJ·mol-1, 在星际媒介中该气相反应很难进行. 在星际媒介冰颗粒表面上, 水分子催化反应增强了该化学反应的活性. H2NCH2CN与(H2O)3反应中的两个水分子作为催化剂降低活化能77.5 kJ·mol-1和活化自由能70.9 kJ·mol-1, 并且通过氢键桥协同传递质子. 量子氢隧道对于该反应进行至关紧要,采用小弯曲隧道(SCT)近似和正则变分过渡态理论(CVT)方法研究. 温度50 K时, 速率常数kSCT/CVT为1.86×10-23 cm3·molecule-1·s-1, 表明在星际媒介中通过质子隧道机理该反应容易进行. 研究结果与地球上的氨基酸起源于地球本身物质的观点相一致. 相似文献