液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定饮用水中6种雌激素

建立了液相色谱-质谱法测定饮用水中17-β-雌二醇、17-α-雌二醇、17-α-乙炔雌二醇、己烷雌酚(HEX)、己烯雌酚(DES)和双烯雌酚(DE)6种雌激素的分析方法.样品经乙腈萃取,Oasis HLB柱富集净化后,采用液相色谱-质谱法测定.方法在5～100 μg/L范围内呈良好线性,相关系数为0.994～1.000...     

柱前荧光衍生-高效液相色谱法测定尿和血清中的环境雌激素

建立了同时测定人尿和血清中环境雌激素双酚A、4-壬基酚、17α-乙炔基雌二醇及内源性雌激素雌三醇、17α-雌二醇和17β-雌二醇的对硝基苯甲酰氯柱前荧光衍生-高效液相色谱测定方法。尿样经酸水解、固相萃取柱浓缩、净化分离;血清样品经乙腈沉淀蛋白后,用乙醚萃取游离态雌激素,N2气流挥干、在无水条件下,雌激素与对硝基苯甲酰氯反应生成荧光产物,用高效液相色谱法定量。检出限为2．7—8．3μg／L;加标回收率尿样为78．0％-102．5％,血清样为72．6％-98．6％;方法精密度为1．29％-4．52％。应用本法对20份尿样和10份血清样进行了测定,结果满意。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测生物样品中6种雌激素

建立了雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇、己烯雌酚、己烷雌酚和炔雌醇6种雌激素在生物体中的HPLC-MS/MS分析方法.采用加速溶剂萃取、固相萃取技术进行提取、富集及净化,有效降低了基质的干扰.以甲醇-0.1％氨水溶液为流动相,以C18色谱柱进行分离,质谱采用电喷雾负离子扫描模式,6种雌激素的回收率为88％～104％,相对标准偏差在1.3％～8.3％之间.雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇在生物体中的方法检出限0.35ng/g;己烯雌酚、己烷雌酚、17α-乙炔基雌二醇在生物体中的方法检出限为0.13ng/g.方法适用于生物体内雌激素的分析和检测.     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱法同时分析奶粉中9种雌激素

建立了奶粉中9种雌激素(雌三醇、β-雌二醇、α-雌二醇、马烯雌甾酮、17α-乙炔雌二醇、雌酮、己烯雌酚、己二烯雌酚、己烷雌酚)的超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)分析方法.样品用水溶解,乙腈超声提取雌激素,正己烷除脂,NH2柱净化,经Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3...     

气相色谱-质谱联用法同时测定牛奶中的6种天然雌激素

天然雌激素是一类内源性激素,但其外源性摄入可能对人体健康造成危害。牛奶是人体外源性天然雌激素的重要来源之一,对牛奶中天然雌激素的准确分析是评价人体外源摄入的重要前提。该研究建立了一种气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)同时测定牛奶中雌酮(E1)、17α-雌二醇(17α-E2)、17β-雌二醇(E2)、雌三醇(E3)、16α-羟基雌酮(16αOHE1)和16keto雌二醇(16ketoE2)6种天然雌激素的分析方法。选择不同类型牛奶样品,依次通过液液萃取、固相萃取富集净化,再利用BSTFA+1%TMCS进行衍生化,乙酸乙酯定容后采用GC-MS进行测定。结果显示,6种雌激素在5～100μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r²)大于0.995;检出限(LOD)和定量下限(LOQ)分别为0.17～0.51μg/L和0.56～1.68μg/L;平均加标回收率为83.1%～119%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%～15%,该方法具有较好的准确性及稳定性。利用所建方法对实际牛奶样品中的天然雌激素进行检测,除常见的天然雌激素E1、E2、17α-E2之外,样品中还检测出16αOHE...     

气相色谱-质谱法同时测定饲料中6种雌激素类药物

建立了固相萃取/气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)同时测定饲料中己烷雌酚、己烯雌酚、双烯雌酚、雌酮、17β-雌二醇、雌三醇的检测方法。饲料样品经乙醚提取后,HLB固相萃取柱净化、衍生化后用气相色谱-质谱仪进行检测,外标法定量。结果表明,己烷雌酚在2.5~250 ng/m L,其它5种雌激素类药物在5~500ng/m L范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数不小于0.99,检出限为3~8μg/kg,样品的平均加标回收率为75.9%~96.3%。该方法检出限低,能够准确进行定性和定量测定,可同时测定饲料中的6种雌激素类药物。     

固相萃取-衍生化-气相色谱-质谱法测定水中类固醇类雌激素

采用固相萃取-衍生化-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定水中4种类固醇类雌激素雌酮(E1)、17β-雌二醇(E2)、17α-乙炔基雌二醇(EE2)、雌三醇(E3)。样品经Oasis HLB固相萃取柱,以丙酮为溶剂进行洗脱后,采用吡啶、N-甲基-N-三甲基硅基三氟乙酰胺于40℃衍生化20min后,采用气相色谱-质谱仪分析。E1、E2、EE2和E3的线性范围分别为5.00~500μg·L-1和10.0~500μg·L-1,4种类固醇类雌激素的检出限(3S/N)在1.5~3.0μg·L-1之间,测定下限(10S/N)在5.0~10μg·L-1之间;方法用于实际水样的分析,加标回收率在86.8%~93.8%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在7.1%~11%之间。     

固相萃取-衍生化-气相色谱/质谱测定水中类固醇类环境内分泌干扰物

建立了固相萃取-衍生化-气相色谱/质谱联用同时测定水中4种类固醇类环境内分泌干扰物雌酮(E1)、17β-雌二醇(E2)、17α-乙炔基雌二醇(EE2)、雌三醇(E3)的分析方法.通过对比衍生化试剂 N,O-双三甲基硅基三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)和N-甲基-N-三甲基硅基三氟乙酰胺(MSTFA)的衍生化条件及效果,解释了文...     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定环境水体中的12种类固醇激素

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定环境水体中12种类固醇激素(雌酮、17α-雌二醇、17β-雌二醇、雌三醇、乙炔基雌二醇、睾酮、雄烯二酮、甲基睾酮、孕酮、炔诺酮、孕二烯酮、左炔诺孕酮)的分析方法。样品经C_(18)固相萃取柱净化和浓缩,采用多反应监测模式(MRM)进行分析。12种类固醇激素在1.0~200.0μg/L质量浓度范围内呈良好线性,相关系数r~2均不低于0.992,方法检出限(S/N=3)为1.22~87.5 ng/L。在5.0,50.0和200.0μg/L 3个添加水平下回收率为72.6~111.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均不高于12%。方法适用于不同水体中多种类固醇激素的痕量分析。     

用亲水性的C16硅胶反相色谱柱分离测定血清样品中的雌激素

将亲水性较强的C16硅胶反相色谱柱应用于血清样品中β-雌二醇、雌三醇、雌酮和17α-乙炔基雌二醇的分离。实验对分离条件进行了优化,得到的最佳色谱条件是：柱温40℃,流速1mL／min,以40％乙腈水溶液作等度洗脱。在此条件下．4种雌激素可在大约26min内实现基线分离,得到的4个色谱峰峰型对称。分离后的4种雌激素用紫外检测器在200nm处进行测定,方法对β-雌二醇、雌三醇、雌酮和17α-乙炔基雌二醇的检出限分别为0．024、0．015、0．012和0．016mg/L;校正曲线的线性范围为2-3个数量级,相关系数为0．998以上。方法应用于血清样品的测定,β-雌二醇、雌三醇、雌酮和17α-乙炔基雌二醇的标准加入回收率分别为96．3％、103．7％、100．1％和95．2％。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.