一种具有抗肿瘤活性胆酸衍生物的合成新方法

以胆酸为原料, 使之与甲醇反应, 得到胆酸甲酯(2). 2采用PCC(氯铬酸吡啶)氧化得到脱氢胆酸甲酯(3), 3在CoCl2存在的条件下通过NaBH4的化学选择性还原得到7α-羟基-3,12-二氧代胆酸甲酯(4). 对4的抗肿瘤活性试验表明该化合物对Sk-Hep-1(肝癌)和H-292(肺癌)细胞株具有中等程度的细胞毒性.     

6-羟基-3-硫酸酯钠甾体化合物的合成及生理活性研究

甾醇硫酸酯钠化合物由于其独特的结构特征和特殊的生理活性正引起人们越来越多的关注.从天然存在的甾醇1a～1b出发,经过PCC氧化得到4-烯-3,6-二羰基甾体化合物2a～2b,然后在Ni2+存在的条件下用硼氢化钠还原2a～2b,得到3-羟基-6-酮甾体化合物3a～3b.利用三乙胺-三氧化硫复合物对3a～3b进行硫酸酯化得到4a～4b,然后通过阳离子(钠型)交换树脂对4a～4b进行Na+交换得到6-氧代-3β-硫酸酯钠盐5a～5b,5a～5b进一步通过NaBH4还原得到6-羟基-3β-硫酸酯钠(6a～6b).另外,采用类似的方法合成了6-羟基胆甾-4-烯-3β-硫酸酯钠(10a).并对化合物5a～5b和6a～6b进行抗肿瘤活性试验,结果表明6a在体外对卵巢癌(Hey-1B)细胞株具有较好的细胞毒性,IC50值为48 nmol/mL.     

8(或6)-氯-7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素及其衍生物的合成

以2(或4)-氯间苯二酚和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,通过Pechmann缩合反应,合成了新的8(或6)-氯-7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素(1a或1b); 1经硫酸二甲酯甲基化得2a或2b; 以四正丁基溴化铵作相转移催化剂,1经Williamson反应合成了6个新的氯代香豆素衍生物(3a～6a, 3b, 4b),产率66%～92%.1～6的结构经1H NMR, IR和GC-MS表征.     

Friedlander反应合成2-(2-羟基苯基)-6,7-亚甲二氧基喹啉及其衍生物

以6-氨基胡椒醛为原料,与邻羟基苯乙酮(2a),4-氯-2-羟基苯乙酮(2b)发生Friedlander缩合反应,得到新的喹啉衍生物2-(2-羟基苯基)-6,7-亚甲二氧基喹啉(3a)和2-(5-氯-2-羟基苯基)-6,7-亚甲二氧基喹啉(3b),新的喹啉衍生物3a～3b分别经IR红外光谱,1H NMR核磁共振谱,MS质谱,元素分析予以证实.     

猪去氧胆酸化学7.(24R)-24,25-双羟基,(24R,25S)-24,25,26-三羟基和(25R)-25,26-双羟基胆固醇的立体选择性和区域选择性合成

本文报道以猪去氧胆酸甲酯(2a)为原料, 立体选择和区域选择性地合成了维生素D~3代谢产物及类似物的关键中间体(24O)-24,25-双羟基胆固醇(3b),(24O,25, 26-三羟基胆固醇(3c)和(25O)-25,26-双羟基胆固醇(3d).,总收率分别为27,27和38%.     

托伐普坦类似物的合成及其利尿活性

以2-氨基-5-氯苯甲酸甲酯为原料,经五步反应制得7-氯-5-氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1H-苯氮杂草(2);2与5-硝基吡啶-2-甲酰氯(或对硝基苯甲酰氯)发生N-酰化反应,再经SnCl2还原制得关键中间体4a(或4b);在4的氨基上引入取代苯甲酰基或苯磺酰基合成了15个具有潜在AVP-V2受体抑制作用的新型托伐普坦类似物(5a ～5k,6b,6i,7b和8d),其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS表征.SD大鼠利尿活性试验表明,5～8均有一定的利尿活性,且部分化合物活性较高.     

海绵放线菌Nocardiopsis dassonvillei OUCMDZ-4534的活性天然产物

拟诺卡氏菌(Nocardiopsisdassonvillei)OUCMDZ-4534分离自西沙贪婪倔海绵(Dysideaavara),其发酵提取物表现出生物碱显色、系列紫外吸收及抑菌和肿瘤细胞毒活性.从其发酵产物中分离到12个化合物.通过质谱(MS)、紫外(UV)、红外光谱(IR)、电子圆二色谱(ECD)、核磁共振(NMR)和化学计算等方法,首次确定了外消旋体1中对映体的绝对构型分别为(3a S,7a S)-3a-羟基-3a,7a-二氢苯并呋喃-2(3H)-酮(1a)和(3a R,7a R)-3a-羟基-3a,7a-二氢苯并呋喃-2(3H)-酮(1b),其它化合物依次被确定为吩嗪(2)、1-羟基吩嗪(3)、1-甲氧基吩嗪(4)、1,6-二羟基吩嗪(5)、1-羟基-6-甲氧基吩嗪(6)、1,6-二羟基吩嗪-5-氧化物(7)、2-(4-甲基-2,6-二羟基-3,5-二氯)苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-5-羟基苯甲酸甲酯(8)、N-(2-羟基苯基)乙酰胺(9)、N-(2-羟基苯基)苯甲酰胺(10)、(E)-3-(4-羟基)苯丙烯酸(11)和(E)-3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基)苯丙烯酸(12).化合物1和9分别对A549和K562细胞有选择性抑制作用,半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为0.47和0.46μmol·L-1;化合物4～8对K562、A549和MCF-7细胞表现出不同程度抑制作用,IC50值在0.02～1.48μmol·L-1之间;化合物11对K562细胞以及化合物12对K562和MCF-7细胞有较强抑制活性, IC50分别为1.14、0.88和0.62μmol·L-1.化合物7和8分别对烟曲霉(Aspergillusfumigates)和交替假单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonasnigrifaciens)有抑制活性,其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为25.00和2.00μg·m L-1.化合物4～6和9还表现出对甲型流感H1N1病毒的抑制活性,IC50分别为0.04、0.15、0.06和0.30 mmol·L-1.     

活性小分子DHMBA含氮衍生物的合成及其抑菌活性

以没食子酸甲酯为原料,通过甲基化、还原反应制得牡蛎中的活性小分子DHMBA,并进一步通过PCC氧化、缩合反应合成其含氮衍生物(4a～4d);为进行构效分析,分别选用与DHMBA分子结构相近的丁香醛和2,3,4-三羟基苯甲醛作为原料,通过缩合反应制得一系列含氮衍生物(5a～5d)和(6a～6d),其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。采用滤纸片法测试了化合物2～6对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制活性。结果表明:在10～40 mg·mL^-1内,化合物4～6对受试菌种均表现出一定的抑制活性,其中4b、 6b和6d的抑菌活性最为显著。      

新型猪去氧胆酸分子钳人工受体的微波无溶剂合成及其对氨基酸甲酯的识别性能

以猪去氧胆酸甲酯为隔离基,通过三光气桥连对硝基苯胺,再将硝基还原为氨基,在微波无溶剂条件下,再与芳醛反应合成了13个新型的氨基甲酸酯希夫碱型分子钳(6a~6m),产率81%~98%,其结构经1H NMR,IR,ESI-MS和元素分析表征。用UV-Vis初步研究了6a,6b,6j,6l和6m对客体D/L-氨基酸甲酯的识别性能。实验结果表明,6a,6b,6j,6l和6m对氨基酸甲酯具有良好的对映选择性识别。     

新型吡啶-2-酮类衍生物的合成及生物活性

以3-氰基-5-乙酰基-6-甲基吡啶-2-酮(1a～1b)为原料,通过多步反应,合成了18种未见报道的含有均三唑并[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二嗪或1,3,4-噁二唑啉的两类新型吡啶酮类化合物4a～4h,7a～7j,其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS及元素分析确证.利用单晶X射线衍射法测定了化合物4a的晶体结构.初步生测表明,部分化合物表现出不同的抗菌活性.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。