一种改进的基于OTSU自适应阈值的机器人数字路标图像模糊增强算法

在机器人路径规划中，机器人数字路标识别是很重要的，图像的预处理会影响识别结果。图像增强技术是提高预处理结果的一种有效方法，模糊图像增强算法是目前广泛使用的一种增强算法。针对Pal模糊图像增强算法在隶属函数的定义和渡越点选择上的缺点，提出了一种改进的模糊增强算法。本算法首先使用OTSU算子自动选择最佳阈值，解决渡越点需要人工设置的缺点，并消除选择的随机性。然后修改模糊增强算法的核心隶属函数式，解决了图像像素的低灰度值被硬性设置为0的缺陷，从而改善了图像信息损失的问题。最后，将改进的算法用于处理Pioneer Ⅲ机器人的数字路标图像。实验结果表明，与现有的模糊增强算法相比，提出的算法可以取得好的效果，且提高了运算速度，具有一定得实用性和推广性。     

一种基于混合人工鱼群的图像模糊增强算法

模糊隶属度函数的形式直接影响灰度图像增强的质量。为进一步改善图像模糊增强的效果,对目前的模糊隶属度函数进行研究,并提出一种改进的参数化 型模糊隶属度函数用于图像增强。所提算法利用图像对比度的质量评价模型,结合人工鱼群算法和Powell算法搜索 型函数中的未知参数值,进而确定该模糊隶属度函数。通过实验结果表明：该算法能够较好的改善灰度图像质量,并且控制参数可通过优化算法自适应获得,具有较好的通用性,是一种有效的图像模糊增强算法。     

模糊和遗传算法在路况检测中的应用研究

文章研究了一种适合于路面病害识别的图像边缘检测算法。针对目前模糊边缘检测算法在路况图像检测中存在低灰度图像信息丢失和检测速度较慢等问题,提出了一种基于模糊和遗传算法的路况图像边缘检测算法。该方法使得模糊处理后丢失的低灰度信息得以恢复,提高了算法的效率,增强了算法的适应性。实验表明,较传统的模糊边缘检测算法,该算法能有效检测出图像中的低灰度信息,检测效果良好,而且运算速度快。     

二维广义模糊熵图像阈值分割法

针对一维广义模糊熵不能有效处理含噪图像的分割问题,在二维灰度直方图上定义了图像的二维隶属度函数,提出了二维广义模糊熵阈值分割法.该方法不仅考虑了图像的点灰度值,同时考虑了图像像素的邻域平均灰度值,能更好地利用图像中的信息.为了提高二维广义模糊熵阈值法的运行速度、解决参量选取问题,结合粒子群优化搜索方法,设计了嵌套式的优化过程.实验表明,二维广义模糊熵阈值分割法对噪音图像有更好的适应性.     

二维广义模糊熵图像阈值分割法

针对一维广义模糊熵不能有效处理含噪图像的分割问题,在二维灰度直方图上定义了图像的二维隶属度函数,提出了二维广义模糊熵阈值分割法.该方法不仅考虑了图像的点灰度值,同时考虑了图像像素的邻域平均灰度值,能更好地利用图像中的信息.为了提高二维广义模糊熵阈值法的运行速度、解决参量选取问题,结合粒子群优化搜索方法,设计了嵌套式的优化过程.实验表明,二维广义模糊熵阈值分割法对噪音图像有更好的适应性.     

一种新的运动模糊图像超分辨力盲复原算法

研究了具有深度运动模糊效果的图像的复原算法.采用对运动模糊图像的傅里叶频谱进行Radon变换来估计运动模糊方向,在此方向上计算运动模糊图像的自相关来估计运动模糊长度,再以运动模糊方向和运动模糊长度为参量结合超分辨力图像复原处理算法对比较严重的运动模糊图像进行复原.结果表明,该综合性算法能够较为精确地估算出运动模糊图像的模糊参量并取得较好的复原效果.     

基于点扩散函数参数辨识的运动模糊图像的盲恢复研究

运动模糊图像恢复的核心是点扩散函数的估计和直接去卷积算法。针对快速运动而形成的低信噪比和小模糊长度图像模糊的问题,提出了一种新的算法来估计模糊核函数的参数,在确定模糊核函数后,模糊图像的恢复采用了一种自然图像梯度统计先验的直接解卷积算法,实验结果证明,与R.Fergus的算法相比较,对于线性运动造成的图像模糊有更快的速度和更好的恢复效果。     

X射线数字纹理图像的特征提取

以减少图像背景和结构纹理对特征提取的干扰为目的,提出了先去除背景和纹理,再进行特征分析的算法.该算法通过最小二乘法则拟合了类抛物线曲面函数提取数字射线图像的背景,减少了背景对图像特征的模糊,在此基础上,针对图像的结构纹理特点确定几何分布参量,定义减法运算公式消隐图像纹理,减少了纹理造成的图像灰度起伏,图像灰度级分布均匀.在平坦的图像背景中,根据数字射线图像信号点服从正态分布规律特点,设定阈值进行特征分割.     

基于空间信息的直觉模糊C-均值图像分割算法

针对模糊C-均值聚类算法的单一隶属度不能充分描述图像不确定性,且聚类过程中忽略像素空间关系的问题,提出一种基于空间信息的直觉模糊C-均值算法;该算法选取3×3的模板计算邻域像素灰度均值;并引入权重项,来控制灰度信息和空间信息各自所占的比重,同时用犹豫度更新直觉模糊集的隶属度函数;对常用标准图像的仿真结果表明,该算法能更好地保留图像细节信息,得到更加理想的图像分割效果。     

基于模糊隶属度的图像空间距离修正插值算法

为解决传统图像插值算法存在的边缘模糊和边缘锯齿,提出了一种基于像素点模糊隶属度的图像自适应插值方法.该方法首先根据图像的梯度与相角特性,确定像素点的模糊隶属度,再根据图像的局部不对称性在一维方向上修正插值点空间距离,并将一维修正结果转化到二维图像空间,最终将修正后的空间距离应用到传统双线性插值和双立方插值中.实验结果表明,该算法改善了图像的信噪比,有效抑制了边缘锯齿和边缘模糊的发生.     

基于模糊集的自适应红外图像边缘锐化算法

针对红外图像边缘模糊和非均匀性噪音强的特点,提出了一种基于模糊集的自适应红外图像边缘锐化方法.针对图像边缘细节和噪音难以表示和区分的特点,分别建立噪音、弱边缘和强边缘的模糊特征隶属度函数,并且提取图像信息自适应调整隶属度函数;通过隶属度函数将图像映射到模糊特征平面,由模糊特征平面控制图像边缘锐化系数.该方法不仅能够锐化红外图像边缘,而且改善了传统边缘锐化算法对图像噪音放大的缺点,避免了对强边缘的过渡增强导致图像出现过增强现象,改善了图像质量.     

Automatic ridgelet image enhancement algorithm for road crack image based on fuzzy entropy and fuzzy divergence

True estimation of the boundary of a road crack and its size is a major task for its automatic detection. The improvement of visual effects of a road image is necessary for such a task. Therefore, we propose an automatic ridgelet image enhancement algorithm. A nonlinear function plays an important role in the enhancement algorithm in the ridgelet domain of an image. However, it is difficult to adjust the parameters of the nonlinear function adaptively with the variation of the road crack image input. Based on the fuzzy entropy criterion, we introduce two fuzzy divergences and two supplementary linear combinations between the fuzzy entropy and two fuzzy divergences as new measurements to solve the threshold segmentation problem in the ridgelet domain. According to the distribution histogram of magnitudes of the ridgelet high-frequency coefficients, we obtain the optimal segmentation thresholds that act as the parameters of the nonlinear function by using the maximum or minimum measurements of fuzzy entropy and fuzzy divergence, respectively. The self-adaptive nonlinear function makes it possible to realize the automatic enhancement of a road crack image. Experimental results show that our image enhancement algorithm can effectively enhance the global and local contrastive effects on road crack images.     

Target extraction in forward-looking infrared images using fuzzy thresholding via local region analysis

In this paper, a target extraction method in forward-looking infrared (FLIR) images based on fuzzy thresholding which used local characteristics, bi-modality and adjacency, is proposed. The bi-modality represents how a pixel is classified into a part of a target using distribution of pixel values in a local region, and the adjacency is a measure to represent how far each pixel is from the target region. Segmentation is processed by the following: First, membership values for each pixel are calculated using bi-modality and adjacency. Second, fuzzy thresholding is performed to extract the target from the background. Finally, we extract the precise target in the thresholded image by post-processing. To evaluate the performance of the proposed target extraction method, we compare the proposed method with other segmentation methods using various FLIR images. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has good segmentation performance.     

Speckle suppressing based on morphological filter and fuzzy logic

A novel morphological filtering algorithm is proposed for suppressing speckle noise in images. The algorithm employs directional morphological close-open and open-close operations, then computing the membership of the filtered versions' every pixel according to the designed fuzzy rule. The final filtered image is composed of all the pixels with corresponding maximal membership. The validity of the algorithm is demonstrated.     

Fusion of infrared polarization and intensity images using support value transform and fuzzy combination rules

Infrared polarization and intensity imagery provide complementary and discriminative information in image understanding and interpretation. In this paper, a novel fusion method is proposed by effectively merging the information with various combination rules. It makes use of both low-frequency and high-frequency images components from support value transform (SVT), and applies fuzzy logic in the combination process. Images (both infrared polarization and intensity images) to be fused are firstly decomposed into low-frequency component images and support value image sequences by the SVT. Then the low-frequency component images are combined using a fuzzy combination rule blending three sub-combination methods of (1) region feature maximum, (2) region feature weighting average, and (3) pixel value maximum; and the support value image sequences are merged using a fuzzy combination rule fusing two sub-combination methods of (1) pixel energy maximum and (2) region feature weighting. With the variables of two newly defined features, i.e. the low-frequency difference feature for low-frequency component images and the support-value difference feature for support value image sequences, trapezoidal membership functions are proposed and developed in tuning the fuzzy fusion process. Finally the fused image is obtained by inverse SVT operations. Experimental results of visual inspection and quantitative evaluation both indicate the superiority of the proposed method to its counterparts in image fusion of infrared polarization and intensity images.     

Global and local contrast enhancement algorithm for image using wavelet neural network and stationary wavelet transform

A new contrast enhancement algorithm for image is proposed employing wavelet neural network (WNN)and stationary wavelet transform (SWT). Incomplete Beta transform (IBT) is used to enhance the global contrast for image. In order to avoid the expensive time for traditional contrast enhancement algorithms,which search optimal gray transform parameters in the whole gray transform parameter space, a new criterion is proposed with gray level histogram. Contrast type for original image is determined employing the new criterion. Gray transform parameter space is given respectively according to different contrast types,which shrinks the parameter space greatly. Nonlinear transform parameters are searched by simulated annealing algorithm (SA) so as to obtain optimal gray transform parameters. Thus the searching direction and selection of initial values of simulated annealing is guided by the new parameter space. In order to calculate IBT in the whole image, a kind of WNN is proposed to approximate the IBT. Having enhanced the global contrast to input image, discrete SWT is done to the image which has been processed by previous global enhancement method, local contrast enhancement is implemented by a kind of nonlinear operator in the high frequency sub-band images of each decomposition level respectively. Experimental results show that the new algorithm is able to adaptively enhance the global contrast for the original image while it also extrudes the detail of the targets in the original image well. The computation complexity for the new algorithm is O(MN) log(MN), where M and N are width and height of the original image, respectively.