Cr4+,Nd3+:YAG自调Q激光透明陶瓷的光谱性质

以高纯α-Al2O3、Y2O3、Nd2O3和Cr2O3粉体为原料,CaO为电荷补偿剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为烧结助剂,采用固相反应法和真空烧结技术成功制备了高质量的Cr4 ,Nd3 :YAG透明陶瓷.研究了其在室温下的吸收光谱和发射光谱性质,O.1%Cr,1.0%Nd:YAG(Cr,Nd为摩尔分数,下同)透明陶瓷在808 nm处的吸收截面为4.27×10-20 cm2,1 064 nm处的发射截面和荧光寿命分别为1.52×10-20 cm2和206μs.由Cr4 ,Nd3 :YAG透明陶瓷的吸收和发射光谱计算出的吸收和发射截面,进一步估算了材料的激光性能参数,并对其激光性能进行理论预测.Cr,Nd:YAG透明陶瓷很可能是一种具有潜力的自调Q激光材料.     

Nd:YAG陶瓷的烧结性能研究

采用注浆成型和真空烧结制备了Nd:YAG激光透明陶瓷,研究了烧结温度和时间对致密化过程的影响。研究结果表明:在1050~1300℃之间坯体发生明显的收缩生成YAM和YAP相;在1300~1420℃,生成YAG相。随着烧结温度的增加,陶瓷中气孔含量减少,晶粒尺寸长大。在1700~1800℃烧结20h能够获得完全致密的Nd:YAG陶瓷样品。     

端面抽运Nd∶YAG陶瓷1.83 μm激光

报道了基于Nd∶YAG透明陶瓷4F3/2-4I15/2跃迁实现1.83 m激光输出的研究。采用简单紧凑的平凹腔结构,结合对腔镜镀膜参数的设计,控制其他能级跃迁谱线对应波长激光的透射损耗来抑制较强能级跃迁对应的激光振荡。在入射抽运功率14.6 W的808 nm波长半导体激光端面抽运Nd∶YAG透明陶瓷,获得了0.65 W的1.83 m激光输出,斜率效率5.8%。可见Nd∶YAG透明陶瓷可望成为获得1.8 m波段激光直接输出的激光介质。     

Cr~(4+),Nd~(3+)∶YAG自调Q激光透明陶瓷的光谱性质

以高纯α-Al2O3、Y2O3、Nd2O3和Cr2O3粉体为原料,CaO为电荷补偿剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为烧结助剂,采用固相反应法和真空烧结技术成功制备了高质量的Cr4 ,Nd3 ∶YAG透明陶瓷。研究了其在室温下的吸收光谱和发射光谱性质,0.1%Cr,1.0%Nd∶YAG(Cr,Nd为摩尔分数,下同)透明陶瓷在808nm处的吸收截面为4.27×10-20cm2,1064nm处的发射截面和荧光寿命分别为1.52×10-20cm2和206μs。由Cr4 ,Nd3 ∶YAG透明陶瓷的吸收和发射光谱计算出的吸收和发射截面,进一步估算了材料的激光性能参数,并对其激光性能进行理论预测。Cr,Nd∶YAG透明陶瓷很可能是一种具有潜力的自调Q激光材料。     

国产掺Nd3+透明薄片陶瓷的光学性能研究

研究了国产透明陶瓷Nd∶YAG和Nd∶YSAG的光学和激光性能.介绍了透明陶瓷Nd∶YAG和Nd∶YSAG的制作方法及其光谱性能,报道了相应的激光实验结果.对于Nd∶YAG薄片激光器,得到了中心波长1 064.2 nm,半高全宽为0.89 nm的激光输出,泵浦阈值功率0.267 W,最大激光输出功率0.319 W.对于Nd∶YSAG薄片激光器,由于荧光寿命比较长,可实现高掺杂,输出激光的中心波长为1 063.8 nm,半高全宽为1.6 nm,最大激光输出功率为0.356 W,斜率效率达23.2％,结果证明国产Nd∶YSAG陶瓷适用于短脉冲薄片激光器.     

钛宝石激光器端面抽运Nd:YAG陶瓷激光器热沉积理论和实验研究

通过热沉积系数研究在激光提取条件下掺杂原子分数为1.0%的Nd:YAG陶瓷激光器中热沉积问题.热沉积系数定义为热沉积功率与激光器输出功率之比.在理论分析基础上，通过测量激光器斜率效率来间接测定热沉积系数，实验测定的热沉积系数值为0.63.建立激光提取条件下Nd:YAG陶瓷发热模型，讨论了影响热沉积系数的主要因素.结果表明：热沉积系数对Nd:YAG陶瓷的辐射量子效率、交叠效率以及激光提取效率的变化非常敏感.为有效减少介质内热沉积，在激光器优化设计中交叠效率和激光提取效率是需要着重考虑的参数.所得结果可为进一步研究陶瓷激光器中热效应提供参考. 关键词： 热沉积 Nd:YAG陶瓷 固体激光器     

YAG及其掺杂纳米粉体的结构与光学特性

由于透明多晶钇铝石榴石(YAG)陶瓷在高功率全固态激光器中巨大的应用价值,所以其研究在近几年引起了广泛的关注。YAG陶瓷与其单晶材料相比,可以实现大尺寸激光晶体,高掺杂浓度,并且制备的成本低。我们报道水热方法制备的纯YAG和硅、铷掺杂YAG陶瓷纳米粉体中掺杂与煅烧温度对陶瓷相组分、晶格参数和晶粒尺寸的影响。通过XRD和透射电子显微镜表征了YAG陶瓷及掺杂粉体的结构及其受到掺杂和烧结的作用,利用光吸收和发射谱研究了共掺杂和煅烧温度对YAG陶瓷粉体光学特性的影响。结果表 Si⁴⁺和Nd³⁺的共掺杂提高了Nd³⁺在YAG纳米体中的可溶度,促进了YAG相的生成,单相纳米Si/Nd:YAG粉体在920℃煅烧温度即可获得。它的光学特性与报道的单晶Nd:YAG一致。     

太阳光泵浦Cr,Nd:YAG透明陶瓷的光谱特性和激光参数

太阳光泵浦激光器可将太阳光直接转化为激光,在空间太阳能发电站、深海等领域有着极大的应用前景,而Cr,Nd∶YAG是一种很有潜力的太阳光泵浦激光介质。本文以高纯Y_2O_3、α-Al_2O_3、Nd_2O_3、Cr_2O_3粉体作为原料,采用固相反应法结合真空烧结技术制备了高光学质量的0.1%Cr,1.0%Nd∶YAG透明陶瓷,并研究了其光谱特性和激光参数。根据太阳辐照光谱和Cr,Nd∶YAG陶瓷的吸收和发射光谱,计算了不同条件下Cr,Nd∶YAG陶瓷激光器的泵浦率、阈值太阳聚光比、有效发射截面、饱和光强和阈值输入功率等激光参数。研究发现0.1%Cr,1.0%Nd∶YAG陶瓷(厚度为1.0 mm)在370 nm和1 064 nm处的直线透过率分别为81.5%和84.0%,晶胞密度为4.57 g/cm~3,光学散射损耗为1.4%cm~(-1),吸收带内的太阳辐照度约是太阳常数的42%。上述研究结果表明Cr,Nd∶YAG陶瓷是理想的太阳光泵浦激光介质,可通过优化聚光系统、泵浦方式和陶瓷尺寸获得高功率激光输出。     

光学材料 光学塑料、光学陶瓷

TQ174．758．23 2005043091 Na:YAG激光透明陶瓷超细粉体的合成及其性能表征= Preparation and characteristics of Nd:YAG super-fined powders for laser transparent ceramics[刊,中]／卢利平(长春理工大学材料与化工学院．吉林,长春(130022)),刘景和…／／光学技术,-2005,31(2),-306-308 以Al(NO3)3·9H2O和Y2O3为原料,按YAG化学计量比配成相应的硝酸盐混合液,并用一定量的Nd取代 Y,加入尿素沉淀剂,利用无机体系均相沉淀法制备了 YAG前驱体。对前驱体进行适当处理,并采用高温热解法在1200℃时制备出Nd:YAG透明陶瓷超细粉体。通     

Nd:YAG陶瓷与单晶4F3/2–4I13/2跃迁的弱谱线多波长激光性能对比

报道了基于半导体激光端面抽运Nd:YAG的⁴F_3/2–⁴I_13/2 跃迁的弱谱线多波长激光输出. 实验对比了透明陶瓷与单晶材料的激光输出特性, 表明透明陶瓷和单晶材料荧光谱强度的略微差异, 导致了多波长输出时相同两个波长之间的激光强度比在两种材料中的差异. 基于两种耦合输出镜片, 激光阈值都在2 W左右. 在13.5 W的抽运功率下, 基于Nd:YAG透明陶瓷获得了输出功率4.05 W、强度比1 :2的1338与1356 nm双波长激光和输出功率3.65 W、强度比13 : 1的1356与1414 nm 双波长激光, 斜率效率分别达33.9% 和31.9%.     

Two-pass amplification of CW laser by Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic Active mirror under lamp light pumping

The concept of an Active mirror with transparent Nd/Cr:YAG ceramics is proposed. A new ceramic material pumped by an arc-metal-halide lamp has been experimentally implemented. CW-laser light generated in a 1064 nm Nd:YAG micro-tip oscillator was amplified by an Active mirror made of Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic and pumped by CW arc-lamp light. The saturation power density of the Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic was lower than that of Nd:YAG because the stimulated-cross-section and lifetime were effectively enhanced by the sensitization of Cr ions. The maximum output laser power while keeping spatial beam quality was up to 3 W with an input lamp power of 9 W; the resulting optical-optical conversion efficiency of 33% was close to the theoretical prediction of nearly 50%.     

Temperature characteristics of small signal gain for Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic lasers

Thermal dependence on the small signal gain of Nd/Cr:YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) ceramics was observed experimentally. Usually, Nd:YAG crystal and ceramics have remarkable gain reduction when optical pumping is performed and the temperature of the laser media is upped to 373 K. A CW laser light generated in a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser oscillator was amplified by Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic amplifier, and the output power was measured at non-saturation level. Laser small signal gain of the ceramic disk was kept to 470 K. This property was remarkably different from one of Nd:YAG crystals or ceramics. The peak shift of the fluorescence was observed experimentally when the temperature is high.     

Diode-end-Pumped Nd:YAG Ceramic and Crystal Operation at 1,123 nm

We present a high-power diode-end-pumped continuous-wave Nd:YAG laser operating at 1,123 nm. Laser operation was carried out and compared using high optical quality Nd:YAG ceramics fabricated in-house and commercial Nd:YAG single crystals. At the absorbed diode pump powers of 23.2 and 28.0 W, output powers of 10.7 and 12.5 W at 1,123 nm were achieved for the employed ceramics and crystals as the laser material, which correspond to conversion efficiencies of 46.1% and 44.6%. For high-power lasers, the Nd:YAG ceramic has the advantage of a higher destructive threshold than that of commercial crystals.     

High efficiency,high power QCW diode-side-pumped Nd：YAG ceramic laser at 1064 nm based on domestic ceramic

A high efficiency, high power diode-side-pumped quasi continuous wave （QCW） Nd：YAG ceramic rod laser at 1064 nm based on the domestic transparent ceramic is reported. The average output power of 961 W is achieved with double ceramic rods by means of a symmetrical convex-convex cavity. The optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is 38.3% and the slope efficiency is 45.3%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest level of efficiency achieved for the domestic Nd：YAG ceramic rod laser.     

Laser pulses amplified by Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic amplifier using lamp and solar light sources

Laser pulses generated in a laser oscillator were amplified by Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic amplifiers. The saturation of output-laser energy was experimentally observed. We found that the stimulated emission cross-section of Nd/Cr:YAG ceramics was effectively increased and the saturation fluence was effectively reduced to 0.1 J/cm² due to the energy transfer between excited Cr and Nd ions. The output-laser energy we calculated was compared with the experimental ones and the extractable stored energy in the Nd/Cr:YAG ceramics was evaluated. This laser material is suitable for high-repetition-rate operations because of the high laser gain with low pumping intensity and low effective saturation fluence.     

Physical mechanisms of fast structure modification and the appearance of waves of optical bleaching in glass ceramics

Amorphization and reverse crystallization of glass ceramics under laser action is a popular object of research in recent years. This process has been shown to have some important peculiarities: a very high rate and nontraditional kinetics. These peculiarities are explained in this paper based on a thermophysical kinetic analysis and an unconventional consideration of amorphous material as a crystal deformed by vacancies (CDV). Experiments of the glass-ceramics structure modification were carried out under the action of two types of lasers: CO₂ and YAG:Nd. The effect of CW YAG:Nd laser radiation with a wavelength of 1.06 μm differs significantly from the effect of CO₂ laser radiation. The reason for the difference is that the crystalline phase absorbs the radiation at 1.06 μm, while the melted phase is transparent for that. As a result, the absorbing zone is shifted to the front of bleaching. In addition, the occurrence of the feedback between the heating rate and the optical properties results in the development of complex kinetics of both the temperature distribution and the optical properties. This specific thermooptical effect leads to the appearance of waves of optical bleaching.     

Synthesis and microstructure analysis of composite Nd:YAG/YAG transparent ceramics

Transparent Nd：YAG/YAG composite ceramics are synthesized by solid-state reaction method using high- purity Y203, A1203, and Nd203 powders as raw materials. The mixed powder compacts are sintered at 1780 ℃ for 10 h under vacuum and annealed at 1450 ~C for 20 h in air. The Nd：YAG/YAG ceramics exhibit a pore free structure with an average grain size of about 30 μm. The microstructure of the Nd：YAG/YAG composite transparent ceramics is studied and there is no interface between Nd：YAG and YAG ceramics. The Nd ion distribution in one grain is also studied, which shows that there is no segregation of Nd ions as in Nd：YAG crystals.