The Hitchin Functionals and the Topological B-Model at One Loop

The quantization in quadratic order of the Hitchin functional, which defines by critical points a Calabi–Yau structure on a six-dimensional manifold, is performed. The conjectured relation between the topological B-model and the Hitchin functional is studied at one loop. It is found that the genus one free energy of the topological B-model disagrees with the one-loop free energy of the minimal Hitchin functional. However, the topological B-model does agree at one-loop order with the extended Hitchin functional, which also defines by critical points a generalized Calabi–Yau structure. The dependence of the one-loop result on a background metric is studied, and a gravitational anomaly is found for both the B-model and the extended Hitchin model. The anomaly reduces to a volume-dependent factor if one computes for only Ricci-flat Kähler metrics     

Open Topological Strings and Integrable Hierarchies: Remodeling the A-Model

We set up, purely in A-model terms, a novel formalism for the global solution of the open and closed topological A-model on toric Calabi-Yau threefolds. The starting point is to build on recent progress in the mathematical theory of open Gromov-Witten invariants of orbifolds; we interpret the localization formulae as relating D-brane amplitudes to closed string amplitudes perturbed with twisted masses through an analogue of the “loop insertion operator” of matrix models. We first generalize this form of open/closed string duality to general toric backgrounds in all chambers of the stringy Kähler moduli space; secondly, we display a neat connection of the (gauged) closed string side to tau functions of 1+1 Hamiltonian integrable hierarchies, and exploit it to provide an effective computation of open string amplitudes. In doing so, we also provide a systematic treatment of the change of flat open moduli induced by a phase transition in the closed moduli space. We test our proposal in detail by providing an extensive number of checks. We also use our formalism to give a localization-based derivation of the Hori-Vafa spectral curves as coming from a resummation of A-model disc instantons.     

Remodeling of integrated contractile tissues and its dependence on strain-rate amplitude

Here we investigate the origin of relaxation times governing the mechanical response of an integrated contractile tissue to imposed cyclic changes of length. When strain-rate amplitude is held constant as frequency is varied, fast events are accounted for by actomyosin cross-bridge cycling, but slow events reveal relaxation processes associated with ongoing cytoskeletal length adaptation. Although both relaxation regimes are innately nonlinear, these regimes are unified and their positions along the frequency axis are set by the imposed strain-rate amplitude.     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

On the calculation of the bremsstrahlung in the region of the plasma frequency

On the basis of the classical theory of radiation produced in incomplete Coulomb interaction, a formula is derived for the coefficient of the bremsstrahlung of fully ionized plasma. In the region of rectilinear approximation a comparison is made with the results of the quantum formula derived from the Born approximation. Furthermore, the influence of dispersion upon the emission coefficient is taken into account; some relations for the region of dispersion are given.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

On the Question of the Source of the Apokamp

Technical Physics - The object of this work is the apokamp—a new type of plasma jet, which is formed from a bright offshoot emerging at the bending point of a channel of a high-voltage...     

干涉仪系统传递函数测量及影响因素的分析

波前功率谱密度(PSD)被用于评价惯性约束聚变(ICF)激光驱动器光学元件中频段的波前误差。干涉仪对PSD较高空间频率分量的测量存在失真效应,可通过干涉仪系统传递函数(STF)的检测标定来获得真实的波前PSD分布。采用台阶板位相比较法测得大口径菲索相移干涉仪检测系统在透射和反射检测情形下的传递函数。对传递函数测试算法进行了比较分析,明确了干涉仪系统zoom倍率的改变等因素对传递函数测量的影响,为波前PSD的准确检测奠定了基础。     

On the relationship between the temperature and the geometry of the two-dimensional superconducting system

A set of vortices in the superconducting system being a two-dimensional region with a boundary has been considered. Here the system under study is described by the model of the Ginzburg-Landau potential in the dual point. This model predicts that in the bounded superconducting system non-interacting vortices appear. These vortices make the absolute minima of this potential. It turned out that in the thermodynamic equilibrium for the fixed number of vortices, the temperature of the system and the geometry of the boundary are related to each other. The simultaneous change of the temperature of the system and of the geometry of the boundary has been investigated under the assumption that the number of vortices is fixed. In the case of the flat disc the explicit form of the temperature vs. area relation has been obtained for two different boundary conditions.Received: 29 April 2004, Published online: 31 August 2004PACS: 74.25.Bt Thermodynamic properties - 74.25.Dw Superconductivity phase diagrams     

On the relevancy of the singularities of the functions associated with the Feynman graphs

A method to determine the relevancy of the singularities associated with the Feynman graphs is presented and applied to an example.     

Contributions of the cornea and the lens to the aberrations of the human eye

The relative contributions of optical aberrations of the cornea and the crystalline lens to the final image quality of the human eye were studied. The aberrations of the entire eye were obtained from pairs of double-pass retinal images, and the aberrations of the cornea were obtained from videokeratographic data. Third-order spherical aberration and coma were significantly larger for the cornea than for the complete eye, indicating a significant role of the lens in compensating for corneal aberrations. In a second experiment retinal images were recorded in an eye before and after we neutralized the aberrations of the cornea by having the subjects wear swimming goggles filled with saline water, providing a direct estimate of the optical performance of the crystalline lens.     

From the Solution of the Tsarev System to the Solution of the Whitham Equations

We study the Cauchy problem for the Whitham modulation equations for increasing smooth initial data. The Whitham equations are a collection of one-dimensional quasi-linear hyperbolic systems. This collection of systems is enumerated by the genus g=0,1,2, ... of the corresponding hyperelliptic Riemann surface. Each of these systems can be integrated by the so-called hodograph transformation introduced by Tsarev. A key step in the integration process is the solution of the Tsarev linear overdetermined system. For each g>0, we construct the unique solution of the Tsarev system, which matches the genus g+1 and g–1 solutions on the transition boundaries.     

On the Locality of the No Hair Conjecture and the Measure of the Universe

We reanalize the recently proposed proof by Jensen and Stein-Schabes [1] of the No Hair Theorem for inhomogeneous spacetimes, putting a special emphasis on the asymptotic behaviour of the shear and curvature. We conclude that the theorem only holds locally and estimate the minimum size a region should be in order for it to inflate. We discuss in some detail the assumptions used in the theorem. In the last section we speculate about the possible measure of the set of spacetimes that would undergo inflation.