Development of afterglow time test system for nanosecond fluorescent screen of low-level-light image intensifier北大核心CSCD

The time characteristics of fluorescent screen is one of the important parameters to evaluate the performance of image intensifier. At present, there is no measurement method for the afterglow time of nanosecond fluorescent screen of low-level-light image intensifier. Based on the traditional test scheme of image intensifier afterglow time, a afterglow time test system for nanosecond fluorescent screen was developed. This system used a high-speed signal generator with the sampling rate of 250 MHz to complete the excitation of the laser diode light pulse, and a photomultiplier tube was used with the descending time of 0.57 ns to complete the photoelectric conversion of the fluorescent screen light signal. The weak photocurrent signal of μA magnitude was amplified and converted to a single-terminal differential circuit to complete the AD conversion in AD9684. Then the digital luminance information of the fluorescent screen was stored in the double data rate SDRAM (DDR) unit after field programmable gate array (FPGA), and the host computer sent instructions to read the DDR memory. The USB3.0 high-speed transmission protocol was used to transmit data to the host computer. In the data processing, the Kalman filtering and fast finding falling edge algorithm were used to realize the accurate measurement of noise filtering from collected data and afterglow time. The test results show that the proposed afterglow time test system for nanosecond fluorescent screen can effectively test the image intensifier with ultrafast optical characteristics. The afterglow test results of P47 phosphor reaches 118.094 4 ns, and the repeatability reaches 2.08%. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

Design method of resolution test system for portable low-level-light night-vision device北大核心CSCD

微光夜视仪是信息化战争夜战中必备的一种仪器,广泛应用于夜视单兵侦察、枪瞄、车载、机载等作战领域。分辨力是衡量微光夜视仪探测能力的重要参数,是反映其综合性能的关键指标之一。为了解决现场使用、保养和维修等全寿命周期的各个环节中微光夜视仪的性能保障难题,研制了便携式微光夜视仪分辨力测试系统,主要组成部分包括光源组件、供电电池、靶标转轮、成像物镜、照度计、电池电压测量反馈模块、适配器和触摸显示屏等,实现了对微光夜视仪分辨力的测试,可在现场替代实验室测试系统,弥补其体积大、不便携带等缺陷。     

Testing technology of vacuum ultraviolet spectral radiance北大核心CSCD

The spectral radiance of vacuum ultraviolet (UV) target is of crucial significance to plenty of researches including deep space exploration and spacecraft damage test. Two types of test systems and methods for vacuum UV light sources were studied. Through the research of test method for vacuum UV spectral radiance, a corresponding test system was developed, which included vacuum UV standard light source, optical imaging system, light splitting module, vacuum UV detector module, vacuum chamber and data processing system. According to the direct measurement method and the comparative method, the spectral radiance of deuterium lamps was tested and analyzed, the influencing factors and the relative index error of vacuum UV spectral radiance were discussed, and the accurate measurement of vacuum UV spectral radiance in the five wavelength ranges of 121.2 nm, 135.6 nm, 160 nm, 180 nm, 200 nm at 0.01 μW/cm2·nm·sr~1 μW/ cm2·nm·sr was realized. The repeatability of the measurement is 0.001 34, which shows that the proposed test system can realize the test of vacuum UV signal. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

Research on front-end electronics gain compensation of MCP imaging detector北大核心CSCD

基于微通道板电子倍增电荷分割型阳极的成像探测器常用于行星大气、气辉等微弱信号探测。针对探测器读出电路增益不相等导致探测器成像产生畸变的问题,利用理论分析结合MATLAB仿真揭示了不同畸变图像的形成机制,在该基础上提出了一种探测器读出电路增益补偿方法减小探测器成像畸变。通过MATLAB仿真和实验测试结果表明该文提出的方法能够有效减小由于读出电路增益不相等导致的探测器成像畸变。     

Graphical offline analysis software of electron multiplier pulse signals北大核心CSCD

电子倍增器（electron multiplier,EM）工作于脉冲状态下,其阳极上输出离散的信号,考虑到电子倍增过程具有一定的统计性规律,研究EM在脉冲状态下的性能参数,需要对阳极输出的脉冲信号进行大量测试和分析。以基于打拿极电子倍增器的光电倍增管（photomultiplier tubes,PMT）为例,通过改变入射光强度使其工作在脉冲状态,利用高带宽、高采样率示波器采集其阳极输出信号。基于Python开发了一种图形化数据分析软件,用来对示波器采集的大量脉冲信号数据进行离线分析,从中可以获得PMT的电荷积分谱、增益、分辨率、后脉冲率、前沿时间等性能参数,软件采用模块化结构,根据不同的测试需求各个模块可以单独工作。该软件可以快速实现EM在脉冲状态下的性能参数分析,为EM制作工艺的优化及其在微弱信号探测领域中的应用提供了一种便利的分析手段。     

Acceleration test of substrate-packaged fiber Bragg grating sensor北大核心CSCD

To test whether the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor can endure the steady-state inertial loads caused by the acceleration and the sensing properties during the loads, a FBG strain and temperature sensor with aluminium alloy substrate package was designed, and the acceleration performance on the sensor was tested. The sizes of FBG strain and temperature sensor were designed and its package process was described. The strain and temperature sensing mechanisms of FBG sensor were analyzed, and the spectrum detection and demodulation system based on volume phase grating and linear array photodetector was developed. Finally, the acceleration test equipment was established, and the acceleration performance test of the selected FBG strain and temperature sensor was carried out in accordance with the requirements and methods of GJB150.15A acceleration test. The experimental results show that in the 2 min performance test before and after the acceleration test, the wavelength offset is below to ±50 pm, and the change of light intensity is below to 0.3 V. In acceleration test, the maximum fluctuation of wavelength offset is ±7 pm, and the light intensity is in the range of 1.3 V~4.003 V. It is proved that the designed FBG sensor has the ability to endure the acceleration loads and has the good sensing performance during the acceleration loads. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

Design of broadband hybrid fiber amplifier based on particle swarm optimization algorithm北大核心CSCD

基于铒/镱共掺光纤放大器（erbium-ytterbium doped fiber amplifier, EYDFA）的理论模型和受激拉曼散射效应的分析理论,利用EYDFA和拉曼光纤放大器（Raman fiber amplifier, RFA）的增益谱互补特性,研究并设计了EYDFA与二阶多泵浦RFA相结合的混合放大器结构。为了得到高增益和低平坦度的混合放大器,引入了粒子群算法优化泵浦光波长和功率。仿真结果表明:在不使用增益均衡器的条件下,所设计的混合光纤放大器在输出端得到了近似相等的输出光功率,在90 nm的带宽范围内平均增益为38.78 dB,增益平坦度为1.1 dB,为混合放大器的设计和优化提供了参考。     

Design of 20 mm~200 mm zoom objective lens for polarization imaging system北大核心CSCD

The zoom objective lens is an important part of the polarization imaging system. At present, the zoom objective lens on the market is relatively expensive due to the use of more aspheric surfaces. In order to reduce the processing cost of the polarization imaging system zoom objective lens, a 20 mm~200 mm zoom objective lens for polarization imaging system was designed. By using positive group compensation method and Zemax to optimize the zoom system, the final system used only 7 spherical lenses to achieve good image quality. The modulation transfer function (MTF) is greater than 0.3 at 120 lp/mm, the distortion is less than 4%, and the cam curve of the system is smooth without breakpoints. The system tolerance analysis results show that the tolerance range is set as follows: the aperture tolerance of the lens surface is 2, the thickness tolerance of the lens or air center is ±0.02 mm, the inclination tolerance of the lens surface center is ±0.025°, the lens assembly and adjustment tolerance is ± 0.025 mm, and the lens refractive index deviation is 0.002. The tolerance setting conforms to the component processing and system assembly and adjustment process, which has a certain reference value to reduce the cost of polarization imaging system. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

Research on air tightness of image intensifier tube during laser sealing北大核心CSCD

采用高功率YAG激光焊接机对高性能三代像管管壳后端(4J34可伐合金)与荧光屏屏环(4J49可伐合金)进行封接试验。研究了激光功率、脉冲宽度对焊接接头成型及表面热扩散的影响规律。研究表明:4J34合金与4J49合金表面成型质量在设备最大工作电流100 A,激光功率195 W及脉宽1.7 ms时最好,相对于激光功率,脉冲宽度对焊缝熔宽和熔深的影响更加显著,接头焊接中心区硬化最为严重,其硬度最大,热影响区次之。     

Development of ship-borne electro-optical tracking and fire control system北大核心CSCD

舰载光电跟踪与火控系统是一种远距离监视、跟踪与火力打击装置,按照体系结构可以分为分立式和综合式两类。对比分析了德国MSP500、意大利“梅杜莎MK4”、英国2500型、以色列Toplite、美国SeaFLIR 280-HD和380-HD、瑞典EOS 500、法国EOMS NG和PASEO等典型光电指向器的结构形式、传感器配置、作用距离及与火控系统的关系。指出光电指向器的结构由“T型”逐渐发展为“U型”,光电传感器的波段由单一波段发展为多个波段,光电跟踪系统的功能由单一功能向综合多功能转变。随着现代海战对抗加剧,舰载光电跟踪与火控系统将朝着多传感器协同探测、信息融合、多目标识别、智能跟踪、使命任务多样化方向发展。     

Compressing Dynamic Range of Wind Lidar Signals by Gate-control

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强磁场下精细网型光电倍增管的性能测试

北京谱仪升级后(BESⅢ)的飞行时间计数器(TOF)将使用精细网型光电倍增管(PMT).本工作对日本浜松(Hamamatsu)公司生产的精细网型光电倍增管R5924(FM)的性能在强磁场下进行了测试.测量了PMT在顺、逆磁场方向时相对增益随磁场强度的变化,在1T时,与0磁场相比,相对增益下降约50余倍.测量了不同磁场强度(0,0.5,1T)下,PMT的相对增益随工作电压的变化,在相当宽的工作电压范围内,相对增益随工作电压的变化具有指数关系.通过不同磁场强度下PMT相对增益随工作电压变化趋势的比较,表明PMT打拿极精细网型的特殊构造使二次电子发射系数δ中的因子k小于一般值,且随磁场强度的增强而变小,这是造成强磁场下PMT增益下降的重要原因.     

地磁对γγ方向角关联测量的影响

在γ-γ角关联实验中,发现能谱中全能峰的位置随探头方位角的改变而变化。本文通过不同的实验,验证了地磁对能谱测量的干扰以及对γ-γ方向角关联测量的影响。发现地磁对测量的影响主要来自光电倍增管,地磁方向与光电倍增管中电子飞行方向的夹角的改变,引起光电倍增管增益变化,最终给γ-γ方向角关联测量带来较大的影响。文中总结了如何减小地磁影响,改进γ-γ方向角关联实验测量的方法。     

双微通道板光电倍增管的研究

通过对双MCP级联技术的研究，研制出脉冲上升时间小于1ns，增益大于5×105的MCP光电倍增管。这种管子在天文学、高能物理实验等领域有广泛的应用前景。     

光电倍增管光谱特性实验设计

提出了把光电倍增管光谱特性作为研究性实验内容的设计方案,通过实验可以测定白炽灯辐射的相对功率的光谱分布曲线、光电倍增管的相对光谱响应曲线,标定光电倍增管响应的峰值波长,研究缝宽、温度、磁场等对光电倍增管光谱特性的影响,也可以利用此实验平台研究其它光电器件的光谱特性。     

A plastic scintillating fiber position detector in vacuum for the test beam facility at BEPCⅡ-LINAC

Two plastic scintillating fiber position detectors for charged particles have been designed, built and installed inside the vacuum tube near two sides of the DM2 deflection magnet on the E3 beam line of the test beam facility at the BEPC-LINAC. A one-dimensional position resolution of sim 1 mm with a sensitive area of 60 mm×60 mm has been obtained for this detector.     

植物研究用γ射线成像系统设计

为了利用正电子发射断层成像技术在植物生理功能研究中的优势,正在开发由两个探测器相向放置构成的γ射线成像系统.系统中采用的探测器是由10×10的氧正硅酸镥(LSO)晶体阵列与滨松R5900-C12耦合组成.单个LSO尺寸为1.8mm×1.8mm×10mm.根据PET应用的特点,测试了该探测器的性能.所有闪烁晶体的图像在位置图谱中清楚可见;511keV全能峰处的能量分辨率位于14.5%—22%之间;符合时间分辨率随着位置灵敏光电倍增管的供给电压的增加而得到改善.这些实验结果表明,该LSO探测器适于构造高分辨率的双探测器成像系统.     

植物研究用γ射线成像系统设计（英文）

为了利用正电子发射断层成像技术在植物生理功能研究中的优势,正在开发由两个探测器相向放置构成的γ射线成像系统.系统中采用的探测器是由10×10的氧正硅酸镥(LSO)晶体阵列与滨松R5900-C12耦合组成.单个LSO尺寸为1.8mm×1.8mm×10mm.根据PET应的特点,测试了该探测器的性能.所有闪烁晶体的图像在位置图谱中清楚可见;511keV全能峰处的能量分辨率位于14.5%-22%之间;符合时间分辨率随着位置灵敏光电倍增管的供给电压的增加而得到改善.这些实验结果表明,该LSO探测器适于构造高分辨率的双探测器成像系统.