Strucutres of stabilizers of phenol polymers. VII. Structure of crystals of 2,2-thio-bis(4-X-6-tert-butyl phenol), X=Br,Cl

L. Ya. Karpov Scientific-Research Institute for Physical Chemistry. Scientific Research Institute for Rubber and Latex Articles. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 123–126, July–August, 1991.     

Transformation of glycyrrhizic acid. VII. Synthesis of triterpene glycopeptides containing alkyl esters of L-amino acids

The synthesis has been effected by the activated N-hydroxy succinimide ester method of new triterpene glycopeptides derived from glycyrrhizic acid, containing fragments of alkyl (ethyl, propyl, butyl) esters of L-amino acids.Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 45005, Ufa, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 261–268, March–April, 1994.     

Autocatalytic processes during oxidation of lignin in alkaline media

Results are presented that characterize features of the oxidation of lignin in alkaline media. The prerequisites are considered and proofs are given of the appearance of autocatalytic reactions on the oxidation of lignin at the level of one-electron transfer between the phenoxyl radicals being formed and the initial fragments and between chromophores in triplet electronically excited states and other fragments and of the development of concerted oxidation reactions through the appearance of active forms of oxygen, and vibrationally excited states. The results obtained indicate that on the oxidation of lignin in alkaline media a network of chemical reactions bearing the autocatalytic nature of chain processes with degenerate energy branching is formed.Siberian Scientific Research Institute of Cellulose and Board, Bratsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 426–433, May–June, 1988.     

Mass spectra of polyhydrosysteroids of the starfishPatiria pectinifera

The electron-impact fragmentation of six polyhydroxysteroids from the starfishPatiria pectinifera, including three glycosides, has been studied. In addition to the directions of fragmentation that are characteristic for sterols from other sources and for steroid compounds of other classes, fragments have been found that result from the unusual arrangement of hydroxy groups in the molecules of the samples investigated. Two breakdown pathways of the furanose ring have been found in the spectra of the glycosides.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek, SSR, Tashkent. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioogranic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 361–367, May–June, 1985.     

Synthesis of methyl-branched low-molecularmass insect bioregulators from the products of the acid decyclization of 4-methyltetrahydropyran

This review generalizes work on the chemoselective synthesis of racemic methyl-branched insect pheromones and the juvenoid hydroprene from 1,5-bifunctional 3-methylpentanes produced by the acid opening of the ring of 4-methyltetrahydropyran.Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences. Scientific-Research Institute of Fine Organic Synthesis Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 170–177, March–April, 1977.     

Structure of 14-acetylnudicaulidine

The structure of 14-acetylnudicaulidine has been confirmed by chemical transformations and spectral studies. A correlation has been made of nudicaulidine and demethylenedelpheline.Abuali ibn Sino [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe. Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific Center, Urals Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 547–549, July–August, 1991.     

Insect pheromones and their analogs. XXIV. Methyl-branched pheromones derived from 4-methyltetrahydropyran. Synthesis of racemic 14-methyloctadec-1-ene — The pheromone ofLyonetia clerckella

Racemic 14-methyloctadec-1-ene — the pheromone of the peach leafminer moth -has been synthesized from a bifunctional product of the cleavage of 4-methyltetrahydropyran.Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific Center, Urals Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 106–108, January–February, 1990.     

Reactions of lycoctonine alkaloids with acetic anhydride and p-toluenesulfonic acid

The reactions of alkaloids having a 7,8-diol system — lycoctonine, browniine, and dihydromonticoline — with acetic anhydride and p-toluenesulfonic acid have been studied. The optimum conditions for this reaction, leading to anhydro compounds, have been found.Abuali ibn Sino [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe; Institute of Chemistry, Baskir Scientific Center, Urals Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 545–547, July–August, 1991.     

Gas-liquid chromatography of carbohydrates

A review is given of materials on the use of the method of gas-liquid chromatography in carbohydrate chemistry.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 411–428, July–August, 1984.     

Polysaccharides of brown algae IV. Fragmentation of the molecules of sargassan and pelvecyan

Summary It has been shown that the molecules of sargassan and pelvecyan each contain a linear high-molecular-weight fragment consisting of residues of glucuronic acid and mannose alternating with one another.Institute of Biologically Active Substances, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 393–396, July–August, 1971.     

Determination of the amount of uronic acids and sulfate groups in polysaccharides by a gas-chromatographic method

Summary A new method is proposed for the simultaneous gas-chromatographic determination of the amounts of uronic acids and sulfate groups in polysaccharides.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 500–502, July–August, 1977.     

Phenylpropanoids of a callus culture of Rhodiola rosea

Using 11 phenylpropanoids isolated from the biomass of a callus culture of roseroot stonecrop, the component compositions in the biomasses of callus and suspension cultures have been studied and their triandrin contents have been determined by the HPLC method.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Scientific Production Combine, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 481–490, July–August, 1991.     

Synthesis of macrolide pheromones

This review considers pathways for the synthesis of macrocyclic lactones (macrolides) identified as components of pheromones of insects of the order Coleoptera (Cucujidae), genera Cryptolestes and Oryzaephilus —granary pests.Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa. Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa. Institute of Fine Organic Synthesis, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 526–548, July–August, 1995. Original article submitted July 15, 1994.     

Pheromones of insects and their analogs. XXVII. Synthesis of 10-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyldeca-4E,8E-dienoic acid and of racemic 4,8-dimethyldecanal from geranyl acetate

10-Hvdroxy-4,8-dimethyldeca-4E,8E-dienoic acid and racemic 4,8-dimethyldecanal (components of beetle pheromones) have been synthesized from geranyl acetate.Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific Center, Urals Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 272–276, March–April, 1991.     

Synthesis of dodeca-8e, 10e-dien-1-ol — the sex pheromone ofLaspeyresia pomonella via the acetolysis of 4-propenyl-1,3-dioxane

A new scheme has been developed for the synthesis of dodeca-8E,10E-dien-1-ol (the sex pheromone of the codling moth) from sorbyl acetate, available from 4-propenyl-1,3-dioxane through the intermediate diacetate of 3 propenyl-2-oxapentane-1, 5-diol.Scientific Research Institite of Fine Organic Synthesis, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa. Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp 602–604, July–August, 1996. Original article submitted January 29, 1996.     

Quinoid pigments of echinodermata V. Pigments of the sea urchinStrongy locentrotus dr?ebachiensis

Summary From a mixture of the pigments of the sea urchinStrongy locentrotus dröebachiensis, in additionto the known spinochromes A, C, D, and E, we have isolated a binaphthoquinone and its anhydro derivative. On the basis of¹³C NMR spectra the position of the ethylidene bridge symmetrically binding the two naphthazarin fragments of the binaphthoquinone has been definnitely established, and the structure of this compound has been determined as ethylidene-6,6-bis(2,3,7-trihydroxynaphthazarin).Pacific-Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 438–441, July–August, 1978.     

Synthesis and study by IR and UV methods of spectral analysis of a complex of Mo(VI) with quercetin

A complex of Mo(VI) with quercetin has been obtained. A hypothetical structure of the complex is proposed on the basis of IR and UV spectral investigations and elementary analysis.Uzbek A. Sultanov Scientific Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 470–471, July–August, 1999.     

A new isoflavonostilbene from the heartwood of Maackia amurensis

A new isoflavonostilbene which has been called maackiasin has been isolated from an ethanolic extract of the heartwood ofMaackia amurensis and its structure has been established by spectral methods. The maackiasin molecule is constructed of fragments of the isoflavone retusin and of 3,3,4,5-tetrahydroxystilbene linked by a diether bond. The dioxane grouping connecting the two fragments is constructed from the hydroxyls at C-7 and C-8 of the isoflavone and the vinyl grouping of the stilbene. Maackiasin is the first representative of a new type of natural polyphenols.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 39–42, January–February, 1986.     

Polysaccharides of brown algae V. Smith degradation of sargassan and pelvecyan

Summary It has been shown that in pelvecyan and sargassan the monosaccharide residues have a high degree of substitution (sulfate groups, branching). The xylose residues present in these polysaccharides are oxidized by periodate to a considerable degree.Institute of Biologically Active Substances, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 396–398, July–August, 1971.