枝化苯胺-吡咯啉发色团的合成及其电光性质的研究

为了减少发色团偶极相互作用,在二阶非线性发色团苯胺-吡咯啉分子的受体吡咯啉的N原子上分别接入三种不同的枝化基团,将其高μβ值有效转化为高电光性能.研究了三种枝化发色团的电光性能和相关化学物理性质,比较了不同枝化基团对发色团的综合性能的影响.结果表明,枝化基团的接入引起发色团分子的紫外吸收红移,枝化基团修饰的发色团,改善了苯胺-吡咯啉发色团分子与聚碳酸酯(APC)的相容性,并明显减少了发色团偶极静电相互作用,提高了发色团在电场下的极化效率,使其在聚碳酸酯(APC)薄膜中的极化序列参数可高达44%.并测得当枝化发色团在APC中掺杂的含量为9%时,聚合物体系电光系数高达75 pm/V(1315 nm激光测定).     

一种新型的交联极化聚合物的合成及性能研究

以成膜性能优异、主链上含有多个羟基的聚双酚A二缩水甘油醚-苯胺(BPAN)为骨架,将二阶非线性光学活性发色团分子以键合形式挂接到聚合物主链上,形成新型侧链型聚合物.此聚合物保留了原聚合物体系成膜性好和可进一步交联等优点.极化过程中以含有异氰酸酯基的同种发色团分子作为交联剂,得到发色团含量进一步提高的交联型极化聚合物.采用衰减全反射法(ATR)测得体系的电光系数(r₃₃)为6.7 pm/V(1315 nm).     

氧芴三苯胺多枝分子的双光子吸收与电化学行为

研究了3个氧芴/三苯胺衍生物: E-2,8-双(4-二苯胺基苯乙烯基)氧芴(简称OT-G1)、E-2,8-双[4-(二苯基氨基-二苯乙烯基)(4’-溴苯基)氨基-苯乙烯基]氧芴(简称OT-G1.5)和E-2,8-双-[4’,4″-二-(二苯胺基苯乙烯基)-4-二苯胺基苯乙烯基]氧芴(简称OT-G2)的双光子吸收和电化学行为. 研究结果表明, 分子“代数”从1→1.5→2增高, 氧芴三苯胺多枝分子的HOMO能级升高、双光子荧光强度和双光子吸收截面明显增大. 由于HOMO能级的升高有利于分子的电荷转移, 因而分子表现出强的双光子吸收能力, 这表明可通过电化学行为来推断出分子的双光子吸收性能.     

偶联酶法分光光度直接测定血液中的葡萄糖含量

研究了以改进的Trinder试剂N—乙基—N—(2—羟基—3—磺酸基丙基)—3，5—二甲氧基苯胺(DAOS)为还原型色原测血液中葡萄糖含量的新体系。应用DAOS试剂的优点在于它形成的氧化型色素的最大吸收波长在592nm。在此波长下，血液中胆红素等物质没有干扰吸收，所以本法测血糖含量不需把血液分离为血清，比临床上广泛使用的酶法分析中以苯酚为还原型色原的测定方法简便、准确。本法测定葡萄糖的线性范围在1．20mmol/L；回收率为96．3％～97．7％。     

有机化合物的光物理研究——Ⅸ.三苯胺在不同极性溶剂中的时间分辨瞬态光谱

本文研究了三苯胺(TPA)在不同溶剂中的时间分辨瞬态吸收光谱,测定了三苯胺在不同溶剂中的荧光寿命。讨论了瞬态吸收峰的归属。在正已烷和乙醇中,观察到了三苯胺的三重态瞬态吸收峰(λ_(max)=430nm)和三重态激基缔合物的瞬态吸收峰(λ_(max)=625nm)。在乙腈中,除观察TPA三重态和三重态激基缔合物的瞬态吸收外,还观测到TPA~+的瞬态吸收峰。根据实验结果,提出了TPA在不同极性溶剂中的光物理瞬态过程及其与溶剂相互作用的反应机理。     

苯胺基团对一类Pt(Ⅱ)磷光发光材料非辐射跃迁调控的理论研究

采用密度泛函(DFT)和含时-密度泛函(TD-DFT)方法研究二苯胺基团对一类Pt(Ⅱ)配合物(M1~M3)光学性质的调控。通过与实验合成的分子对比,揭示苯胺基团取代位置和数量对电子结构和光学性质的调控规律。引入苯胺基团可有效地增大金属和配体的π共轭性。逐渐增多苯胺基团导致M3分子可以有效地增大吸收光谱的强度和金属到配体的电荷转移(MLCT)占比有利于金属对光的吸收和自旋轨道耦合。M1~M3的发射峰在602~630 nm,发射光谱归属为3MLCT和配体之间的电荷转移(3LLCT)。通过对非辐射跃迁过程,即T1(3MLCT)→TS→金属中心三重态3MC(d-d)的研究,发现当二苯胺取代基团引入位置可以有效地增大分子内空间位阻时,形成S0和T1的系间交叉MECP能量变得更高,从而抑制了非辐射的概率,有利于发光性能提高。     

四-β-(氨甲基)酞菁锌盐酸盐的合成及光物理光化学性质研究

四-β-(邻苯二甲酰亚胺甲基)酞菁锌(ZnPcP4)与85%水合肼反应得到四-β-(氨甲基)酞菁锌(ZnPcN4,分子式C36H28N12Zn),其盐酸盐为ZnPcN4.HCl。测试合成得到的标题化合物紫外-可见电子吸收光谱,荧光光谱和单线态氧生成速率。标题化合物在水中聚集,在90%1,2-丙二醇/水中主要以单体形式存在。目标酞菁锌配合物在90%DMF/水的中性溶液存在聚集体,在弱酸性条件下,随酸度增大,675 nm处Q带单体吸收峰升高,在DMF/water(10%,V/V)/HCl(1.2 mmol·L-1)溶液中10-5 mol·L-1的酞菁配合物基本上没有聚集;在强酸性条件下,随酸度增大,675 nm处Q带单体吸收峰下降的同时,在713 nm处酞菁单质子化吸收峰强度有所增加。ZnPcN4.HCl在DMF体系中聚集,荧光量子产率和单线态氧量子产率变小,但其在DMF/water(10%,V/V)/HCl(1.2mmol·L-1)体系中主要以单体形式存在,荧光量子产率为0.19,单线态氧量子产率0.58,光敏活性与标准无取代酞菁锌相近。     

含均二苯乙烯荧光探针的合成及其对金属离子的识别研究

通过Wittig-Horner反应合成了两个含有均二苯乙烯发色团, 一端为N,N-双(2-乙酰氧乙基)氨基受体, 另一端分别为N,N-二甲氨基(DMDE)或N,N-二苯氨基(DPDE)的荧光探针分子. 进行了NMR和MS表征. 测试了加入不同金属离子时探针分子的吸收和荧光光谱变化. 加入Ag+和Zn2+, DMDE在420 nm处出现强的荧光峰, 在600 nm的荧光峰先增强后减弱, 认为发生了分子间的荧光共振能量转移. 而DPDE在加入Ag+和Zn2+, 420 nm处无荧光发射, 600 nm处的荧光红移并减弱.     

大分子阳离子光引发剂聚苯乙烯-碘鎓六氟锑酸盐的合成及其感光性能的研究

本文用羟基对甲苯磺酰氧基碘苯与聚苯乙烯进行亲电取代反应,得到大分子阳离子碘鎓盐光引发剂聚苯乙烯碘鎓-六氟锑酸盐(PS-I·SbF₆).用核磁共振仪、傅立叶红外光谱仪、凝胶渗透色谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、紫外分光光度仪对其进行了表征.与小分子碘鎓盐系光引发剂相比,PS-I·SbF₆的紫外最大吸收波长λ_max红移,在240-270 nm范围内有较强的吸收;固化成膜后其相对迁移率较小分子光引发剂有显著下降.初步研究了PS-I·SbF₆在环氧体系中的光固化性能,结果表明该体系有较好的光固化和后固化特性.     

还原态脒类LED光产碱剂的合成及性能研究

光产碱剂作为光固化材料体系中的关键组分,对光固化速率及固化材料性能有重要影响。本文以氧杂蒽酮作为生色团,脒类化合物DBN作为强碱基团,设计并合成了一种新型单组分氧杂蒽酮还原态脒类光产碱剂,并系统探究了其光物理和光化学行为。结果表明,氧杂蒽酮还原态脒类光产碱剂在345 nm区域具有较强吸收,光解后释放的强碱DBN可有效引发巯基-环氧体系聚合。与商品化苄基还原态脒类光产碱剂相比,氧杂蒽酮生色团的引入使光产碱剂的吸收波长红移,能更好地匹配365 nm LED光源;与离子型硫杂蒽酮光产碱剂相比,氧杂蒽酮还原态脒类光产碱剂在光解过程中不产生二氧化碳,且催化效率更高,具有良好的应用前景。     

Surface modification of polystyrene by photoinitiated introduction of cyano groups

The surface of polystyrene was modified by the introduction of CN groups. This was achieved by irradiating the polymer with UV light (254 nm) in the presence of gaseous cyanogen bromide (BrCN). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and FTIR analysis showed that after irradiation both Br and CN groups were covalently bound to the polymer surface. Quantitative XPS analysis revealed that upon prolonged irradiation every second monomer unit at the surface was modified with a CN group. It was demonstrated that photochemical techniques can be employed to attach specific functional groups onto polymer surfaces.     

Action spectrum for the suppression of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae

An action spectrum was obtained for the suppression of arylalkylamine N -acetyltransferase (NAT) activity in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae by irradiating the mite with monochromatic lights of various wavelengths using the Okazaki Large Spectrograph at the National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan. Fluence–response curves were obtained for wavelengths between 300 and 650 nm by irradiating the mite for 4 h day⁻¹. The samples were frozen after the third exposure. A negative correlation between the logarithmic fluence rate and NAT activity was detected in the range of 0.01–1 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ for wavelengths between 300 and 500 nm and in the range of 0.1–10 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ for wavelengths between 550 and 650 nm. The constructed action spectrum indicated that the photoreceptors mediating the circadian and/or photoperiodic systems might be UV-A- and blue-type photoreceptors with absorption peaks at 350 and 450 nm.     

Generation of clean iron nanocrystals on an ultra-thin SiO(x) film on Si(001)

Upon exposure to Fe(CO)(5), the formation of pure cubic Fe nanocrystals with dimensions up to ~75 nm is reported on ultra-thin SiO(x) films (thickness ≈ 0.5 nm) on Si(001), which have been prepared in situ under UHV conditions. The active centers for initial decomposition of Fe(CO)(5) resulting in the growth of the Fe clusters are proposed to be SiO sites. After nucleation at these sites, further crystal growth is observed due to autocatalytic dissociation of Fe(CO)(5) at room temperature. The density of the Fe clusters can be increased by irradiating the surface with a focused electron beam (15 keV) prior to gas exposure. The formation of the active SiO sites upon electron irradiation is attributed to oxygen desorption via the Knotek-Feibelman mechanism.     

OPTICAL PHASE CONJUGATION RESPONSE OF PHOTOINDUCED POLYMER FILMS CONTAINING AZOBENZENE MOIETIES WITH CHIRAL GROUP

An optically active monomer containing azobenzene moieties with chiral group (s-2-methyl-butyl), 4-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyloxy]-4'-(s-2-methyl-1-butyloxycarbonyl) azobenzene(Ml) was synthesized. Polymer (PMl)possessing optical phase conjugated response was obtained by homopolymerzation of the optically active monomer (Ml)using free radical polymerization. The polymer was very soluble in common solvents and good optical quality films could beeasily fabricated by spin coating. The optical phase conjugated responses of the polymer PM1 were measured by degeneratefour-wave mixing (DFWM). In comparison with polymer containing no chiral group, it was found from the preliminarymeasurement of photoisomeric change that optical phase conjugated response of the PM1 in the long-range order hexagonalsymmetry microstructure could be easily controlled by choosing the appropriate polarization direction of the irradiatingbeams (514.5 nm) and the irradiating number, presumably due to the chiral group in the PM1 molecular structure. For thecase of the polymer investigated here, a chiral group side chain was introduced to increase optical phase conjugated responseintensity with different polarization directions of the irradiating beams, which aims originally at searching for a new photo-ative material.     

Influence of polymer molecular weight on the chemical modifications induced by UV laser ablation

This paper investigates the influence of polymer molecular weight (M(W)) on the chemical modifications of poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, and polystyrene, PS, films doped with iodonaphthalene (NapI) and iodophenanthrene (PhenI), following irradiation at 248 nm (KrF excimer laser, 20 ns fwhm and hybrid excimer-dye laser, 500 fs fwhm) and at 308 nm (XeCl excimer laser, 30 ns fwhm). The changes of intensity and position of the polymer Raman bands upon irradiation provide information on cleavage of the polymer bonds. Degradation of PMMA, which is a weak absorbing system at 248 nm, occurs to a higher extent in the case of a larger M(W), giving rise to the creation of unsaturation centers and to degradation products. For highly absorbing PS, no degradation is observed upon irradiation with a KrF laser. Consistently irradiating doped PS at 308 nm, where the absorption is low, induces degradation of the polymer. Results provide direct support for the bulk photothermal model, according to which ejection requires a critical number of broken bonds. In the case of irradiation of doped PMMA with pulses of 248 nm and 500 fs, neither degradation nor dependence with polymer M(W) are observed, indicating that mechanisms involved in the femtosecond laser ablation differ from those operating in the case of nanosecond laser ablation. Participation of multiphoton/avalanche processes is proposed.     

偶氮聚合物三角状聚集体的制备及光致形变行为研究

利用滴加沉淀剂法,通过偶氮聚合物BP-AZ-2CA在DMF-H2O体系中自组装得到了碗状的聚集体.利用透射电镜等对聚集体的组装过程及最终形貌等进行了表征.研究表明,通过调节初始聚合物浓度以及制备过程中的滴加水速率,可得到不同尺寸的碗状聚集体.将碗状聚集体置于单束偏振Ar+激光(488nm,110mW/cm2)照射下,所有的碗状聚集体都发生了沿着激光偏振方向的拉伸.碗状聚集体在激光拉伸后仍然维持中空的结构.     

基于聚醚胺(PEA)动态交联网络的多重响应性表面褶皱图案

刺激响应性表面图案赋予了材料动态可调的表面性能,是智能材料领域研究的热点,然而如何通过简单有效的方法构建这类动态表面图案也是该领域的难点.本文将动态硼酸酯键和光可逆二聚基团引入到聚醚胺(PEA)交联网络中,通过双层褶皱体系构建一系列具有光和湿度刺激响应性表面褶皱图案.在365 nm紫外光照和加热的条件下,蒽基团(AN)的光二聚与硼酸键的形成使得上表层聚醚胺模量变大,产生微米级表面褶皱图案;在254 nm紫外光照射或水蒸气作用下,聚醚胺网络解交联,表面褶皱图案消失;利用光化学时空分辨的特性,通过光掩膜板光照还可以制备多层次动态表面褶皱图案.这种多重刺激响应性表面褶皱图案为构建智能聚合物表面提供了新思路,在传感和防伪等领域具有潜在的应用前景.     

Luminescence tribochromism and bright emission in gold(I) thiouracilate complexes

New dinuclear Au(I) complexes containing bridging thiouracilate and bis(diphenylphosphino)methane ligands have been synthesized and characterized structurally and spectroscopically. The compounds exhibit a unique behavior of solid-state luminescence tribochromism in which photoemission turns on upon gentle grinding of the sample and a sensitivity to pH in fluid solution. The emissive form in the solid state exhibits a bright blue or cyan emission upon irradiating at 375 nm. Structural studies show that the nonemissive form of the complexes has an extended helical ...Au...Au...Au... structure in the solid with weak aurophilic interactions, whereas the blue emissive form has a strong intermolecular aurophilic interaction in the solid that leads to an arrangement of dimers of dinuclear (Au2) complexes. Interconversion between the two forms can be carried out by either recrystallization for solid-state samples or by exposure to vapors of volatile acid or base for fluid solutions of the complexes.     

光敏感三臂星形聚[甲基丙烯酸2-(二甲氨基)乙酯]的合成及其光敏性能研究

以香豆素为光敏感基元,通过多步反应制备了三臂ATRP引发剂C-Br3,然后以CuBr/PMDETA为催化体系、甲基丙烯酸2-(二甲氨基)乙酯(DMAEMA)为单体,ATRP聚合法制备了三臂星形聚合物C-(PDMAEMA)3.用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、紫外-可见光分光光度计(UV-Vis)和核磁共振仪(1H-NMR)等对C-Br3及聚合物进行了结构表征.研究表明,该三臂星形聚合物可在水中直接形成胶束,且该聚合物可在365和254 nm交替紫外光照下发生可逆光二聚反应.纳米粒度跟踪显示,光照前其胶束粒径为(87.7±27.8)nm、呈高斯分布;而在365和254 nm光反应后,聚合物胶束粒径大小与分布仅发生微弱变化.这可能是因为在光二聚反应前后,聚合物的双亲结构变化微弱所致.     

Modulating Ligand-Exchange Dynamics on Metal-Organic Polyhedra for Reversible Sorting and Hybridization of Miktoarm Star Polymers

The precise synthesis of miktoarm star polymers (MSPs) remains one of the great challenges in synthetic chemistry due to the difficulty in locating appropriate structural templates and polymer grafting/growing strategies with high selectivity and efficiency. Herein, ≈2 nm metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs), constructed from the coordination of isophthalic acid (IPA) and Cu²⁺, are applied as templates for the precise synthesis of 24-arm MSPs for their unique logarithmic ligand-exchange dynamics. Six different polymers are prepared with IPA as an end group and they further coordinated with Cu²⁺ to afford the corresponding 24-arm star homo-polymers. MSPs can be obtained by mixing targeted homo-arm star polymers in solutions upon thermal annealing. The compositions of MSPs can be facilely and precisely tuned by the recipe of the star polymer mixtures used. Interestingly, the obtained MSPs can be sorted into homo-arm star polymers through a typical solvent extraction procedure. The hybridization and sorting process can be reversibly conducted through the cycle of thermal annealing and solvent treatment. The complex coordination framework not only opens new avenues for the facile and precise synthesis of MSPs and MOPs with hybrid functionalities, but also provides the capability to design sustainable polymer systems.