浊点萃取-石英双缝管捕集火焰原子吸收光谱法分析铬价态

在不同pH值的缓冲溶液中,亚硝基苯胲铵盐(铜铁试剂)可与Cr(Ⅵ)及Cr(Ⅲ)络合生成中性疏水络合物,以Triton X-114为萃取剂,浊点萃取分离富集Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬,石英双缝管原子捕集-火焰原子吸收光谱法(STAT-FAAS)测定铬价态.实验对浊点萃取时溶液的pH值、铜铁试剂和Triton X-114的用量、离心分离时间、平衡温度和时间等影响因素进行了研究.结果表明,分别在pH=3.0和6.0的溶液中,40 ℃恒温加热15 min后,离心5 min,Triton X-114浊点萃取Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬的富集倍数达到50倍(100 mL起初样品溶液/2 mL最终测定液).和普通火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)相比,利用石英双缝管原子捕集技术,STAT-FAAS法测定铬的灵敏度提高了近5倍.本方法测定Cr(Ⅵ)及总铬的线性范围分别为0.005～0.5 mg/L和0.01～1.2 mg/L;检出限分别为0.66 μg/L和0.81μg/L.     

浊点萃取-电热原子吸收光谱法分析铬的形态

提出了测定铬形态的新方法——浊点萃取-电热原子吸收光谱法(PPE-ETAAS)。该法基于利用非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100的浊点现象，当加热至其浊点时，溶液分为两相，Cr(Ⅲ）与8-羟基喹啉形成的疏水性螯合物进入富胶束相中，从而实现与Cr(Ⅵ）的分离。在本法中，8-羟基喹啉既作为化学分离，富集剂，又作为ETAAS测定中的化学改进剂。对影响浊点萃取分离的主要因素进行了详细的研究。在最优实验条件下，方法测定Cr(Ⅲ）的检出限为0．023μg/L；相对标准偏差为1．1％(C=2．0μg/L，n=6)。本法具有简便、灵敏、富集倍数高和避免使用有机溶剂的优点。     

浊点萃取–火焰原子吸收光谱法分析水样中铬的存在形态

将浊点萃取与火焰原子吸收光谱法联用对水样中铬的形态进行检测,在pH 7.7条件下,络合剂1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚(PAN)只与Cr(Ⅲ)络合而不与Cr(Ⅵ)反应,实现了环境水样品中Cr(Ⅲ)与Cr(Ⅵ)的分别测定。对影响浊点萃取效率的主要因素如酸度、试剂量、反应温度、时间等进行了研究,在最佳条件下,铬富集倍数为20倍。Cr(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在0.005~1.0 mg/L内与吸光度线性良好,线性相关系数r=0.999 8。用该方法对0.30 mg/L的Cr(Ⅲ)标准溶液平行测定11次,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.9%,检出限为5.74μg/L。将该法用于自来水、河水、三亚温泉水、工厂污水水中铬的形态分析并进行加标回收试验,回收率为90.0%~106.5%。该法富集倍数高、重现性好,测定结果准确可靠。     

萃取富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中镍

探讨了有机溶剂萃取和有机相经加热蒸发相结合在富集分离水中镍的应用,结合火焰原子吸收光谱法,提高了灵敏度,设备简单,操作简便,方法检出限为4.10μg·L-1。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法分析中药中锰的形态

1　引　　言中药中锰具抗癌、益精生血、益肝明目及提高机体抵抗力等作用。正辛醇在结构上与人体内的碳水化合物和脂肪类似 ,药理学中药物鉴定用Ｋｏｗ参数 (Ｋｏｗ =Ｃｏ Ｃｗ ,Ｃｏ 和Ｃｗ 分别为该化合物在正辛醇相和水相中的平衡浓度 )评价药物亲脂性及生物活性。正辛醇醇溶态微量元素具较强的亲脂性和生物活性 ,如作为中药有效成分 ,醇溶态含量应与中药药性、药效密切相关。本实验按中药常用煎煮方式制水煮液 ,用正辛醇 水分配体系模拟水煎液中锰在人体胃肠中的分配情况。火焰原子吸收法 (ＦＡＡＳ)测药材、水煎液中锰含量及水溶态锰、…     

火焰原子吸收光谱法分析中药中锌的形态

采取正辛醇水分配体系模拟中药水煎液中锌在人体胃肠中的分配情况，用原子吸收光谱法测定了十二味中药药材及其水剪液中锌的含量，水煎液中水溶态锌、醇溶态锌的含量。实验结果表明，中药中锌的水煮溶出率较氏，中药中锌的形态与中药成分，配伍情况及作用靶位（胃肠）的酸度有关，酸度及配伍对中药中锌的溶出率及水煎液中锌的形态影响较大。     

析相萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铁

研究了析相萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中铁的方法 ,在酸性条件下 ,Fe3 + 与SCN- 生成络合物 ,在适当的温度下 ,被TritonX 10 0 正辛醇 水体系萃取富集。析出相用火焰原子吸收进行测定。方法检出限为 0 .0 0 4 μg·ml- 1,用于水样中痕量铁的测定 ,结果满意     

在线还原富集-导数火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中铬Ⅲ和Ⅵ铬的形态

采用单阀双阳离子交换树脂微柱并联 ,设计了双路采样逆向洗脱在线分离富集系统 ,该系统与原子吸收导数测量技术相结合 ,实现了在线分离富集 导数火焰原子吸收光谱法同时测定水中Cr 和Cr ,导数仪用 2mV min档位 ,富集 1min时 ,分析速度为 6 0样 h ,测定Cr 和Cr 的特征浓度分别为 0 .44 8μg L和0 793μg L(相当于 1%导数吸收度 ) ,线性范围分别为 0～ 90和 0～ 180 μg L ;对浓度分别为 10、2 0 μg LCr 和Cr 测定的相对标准偏差分别为 2 .85 %和 2 .85 %;检出限分别为 0 .85 5和 1.71μg L ;该法对实际水样加标回收率在 94.7%～ 10 4%之间。     

微波消解-浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定空心胶囊中铬含量

研究了微波消解-浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定空心胶囊中痕量铬的方法。空心胶囊通过微波消解,以二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(DDTC)为络合剂络合消解液中铬(Ⅵ),非离子表面活性剂Triton X-114为萃取剂,结合FAAS测定空心胶囊中痕量铬,与《中国药典》(2010版)检测方法具有较好一致性。考察了溶液的pH值、络合剂和表面活性剂浓度、平衡温度和时间等条件对浊点萃取效果的影响。在最优条件下,铬(Ⅵ)线性范围为0～10μg/mL,检出限(3σ)为7.6ng/mL,相对标准偏差为1.5%(n=10),回收率在95%～102%之间。方法灵敏度高,重复性好,适合于胶囊中铬的日常检测。     

固相萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定金

将多孔石墨化炭黑与5-硫代-15-冠-5的乙醚溶液混合后,蒸干溶剂乙醚.将所得的混合物填入聚四氟乙烯柱中,制得固相萃取柱.萃取柱经0.1 mol·L-1的硫代硫酸钠和pH 3.5的乙酸盐缓冲溶液洗涤后,用0.1 mol·L-1的硫代硫酸钠溶液反向洗脱小柱上富集的金,洗脱液供火焰原子吸收光谱法测定.方法用于矿石和环境水样中金的实际测定,结果与电感耦合等离子体质谱法的结果一致,相对标准偏差(n=5)在2.4%～3.4%之间,回收率在92.6%～97.8%之间.     

Determination of Traces of Chromium in Foods by Solvent Extraction Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

ABSTRACT

A simple methodology for Cr(III) determination in foods was developed through flame atomic absorption spectrometry with air/acetylene after a fast oxidation of Cr(III) with KM_nO₄ and pre-concentration of Cr(VI) in MIK as C_rO₂CI₂. A limit of detection and limit of quantification (LOQ), respectively, of 4 μg/Kg and 13 μg/Kg Cr(III) were obtained in commercialized foods in São Paulo, Brazil. Two certificated samples as well as some food samples were analyzed with good results. A study of sample treatment showed that the dry ash method is the best.     

Determination of Bismuth in Bottled and Mineral Water Samples at Trace Levels by T-Shaped Slotted Quartz tube-Atom Trap-Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

An accurate and reliable analytical method for the determination of bismuth at trace levels in bottled and mineral water samples has been developed based on hydrogen assisted T-shape slotted quartz tube-atom trap-flame atomic absorption spectrometry (T-SQT-AT-FAAS). Conventional FAAS is not sufficiently sensitive to measure trace and ultra-trace levels of metals due to the low nebulization efficiency and short residence time of atoms in the light path. To overcome this problem, atom trapping with a T-shaped slotted quartz tube was coupled to the FAAS system. Bismuth atoms were trapped on the surface of T-SQT and released by hydrogen gas, which provided a reducing environment. All of the system parameters such as flame type, hydrogen flow rate, the height of T-SQT from the burner head, and trapping period were optimized to enhance the analytical signal to attain low detection limits. After obtaining the optimum conditions, the limit of detection and limit of quantitation of the developed method were found to be 0.95 and 3.2?µg L^?1, respectively. Recovery values were obtained between 90% and 104% that showed good accuracy and applicability of the proposed method to the analysis of bottled and mineral water samples.     

原子吸收光谱和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬

为了探讨原子吸收光谱法和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬分析方法的异同,分别采用两种方法对工业废水中的总铬进行了对比分析,对样品前处理方法,方法的标准曲线、检出限、准确度、精密度、干扰及消除等进行了比较,并对两种方法的测定结果进行t检验。结果表明,两种方法具有良好的一致性。相对来说,原子发射光谱法各方面指标要优于原子吸收光谱法。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定空气中铬含量的不确定度评定

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定空气中铬含量,评定了测定过程的不确定度,把不确定度分解为标准溶液及配制引入的不确定度、标准曲线拟合引入的不确定度和样品重复测定引入的不确定度等七个因素,系统分析并计算各不确定度分量和扩展不确定度.结果表明,其中采集样品引入的不确定度是主要影响因素,空气中铬含量为3.88 μg/m3时,扩展不确定度为0.12 μg/m3.     

改性沸石填充柱在线分离富集电热原子吸收法测定水中铬(Ⅵ)及铬的形态分布

本文用溴化十六烷基三甲胺(HDTMAB)改性的天然斜发沸石微填充柱,建立了顺序注射在线分离富集电热原子吸收法测定水中Cr(Ⅵ)及铬形态分布的方法.方法测定Cr(Ⅵ)的线性范围为0.1～3.0 μg/L,检出限为0.03 μg/L,精密度为3.7%(1.0 μg/L,n=5),采样频率为16/h,当进样体积为200 μL时的富集倍率为5.6.用本法测定了标准水样GBW08608中的铬,所得结果与标准值相符.另外测定了自来水中的铬及其形态分布,加标回收率合格.     

树脂快速静态分离-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定砷的形态化合物

用离子交换树脂静态吸附和溶剂萃取相结合的分离技术,结合塞曼GFAAS测定方法,分析了砷的四种形态化合物:As(Ⅲ)、As(Ⅴ)、MMA和DMA。文中的静态吸附分离是指采用少量树脂,对小体积溶液室温下用电磁搅拌数分钟,经短时间的相对静态的吸附或解吸过程,达到分离的目的。分离和测定全过程约为30～40min。方法对As(Ⅲ)、As(Ⅴ)、MMA和DMA和总As的检出限分别是0.94、0.89、0.94、0.26(富集4倍)和0.90μg/L。可应用于河水、植物中砷形态分析。     

Preconcentration,Determination and Speciation of Chromium(III) Using Solid Phase Extraction and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

A facile, reliable and reproducible method for speciation and determination of the traces amounts of chromium(III) in waste water has been developed. The method was based on complex formation on the surface of the ENVI‐18 DSK^? disks followed by stripping of the retained species by minimum amounts of appropriate organic solvents. The elution was efficient and quantitative. The effects of potential interfering ions, pH, ligand amount, stripping solvent, and sample flow rate were also investigated. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the break‐through volume was found to be about 1500 mL providing a preconcentration factor of 300. The maximum capacity of the disks was found to be 225 ± 3.9 μg for Cr³⁺. A limit of detection of 0.02 ng.mL ^?1 was obtained, and the method was applied for determination of chromium in electroplating industries waste water located in the eastern regions of Tehran.     

Determination of Chromium (VI) in Airborne Particulate Matter by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is a well-established carcinogen associated with lung, nasal, and sinus cancer. Cr(VI) threshold limit values in workroom air have been recently lowered. Consequently, the currently available analytical methods are insufficiently sensitive or high cost. In this paper, a simple, cost-effective, sensitive, and reproducible method using solid-phase extraction with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of hexavalent chromium in airborne samples is reported. The method validation included selectivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. Interferences from other ions likely to be present in airborne samples, including trivalent chromium, were tested and selectivity was demonstrated. The detection and quantification limits were, respectively, as low as 0.1 and 0.4?µg?L^?1. The linearity ranged from 0.5 to 50.0?µg?L^?1, with a regression coefficients exceeding 0.998. The extraction recovery exceeded 98%. The developed method was successfully compared with a reference spectrophotometric method. The performances achieved were similar to ion chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography approaches. The novel method was tested on airborne samples collected from the workplace. The method’s performance suggests that it may be an alternative to high-cost techniques for monitoring occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium.