金镍二元团簇结构和电子性质的理论研究

在UBP86/LANL2DZ和UBP86/def2-TZVP水平下详细研究了AumNin (m＋n≤6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质. 详细地分析了团簇的结构特征, 平均结合能, 垂直电离势, 垂直电子亲和能, 电荷转移以及成键特征. 所有混合团簇中, 镍原子趋于聚集到一起, 形成最多Ni—Ni键, 金原子分布在镍原子聚集体周围以形成最多Au—Ni键. Ni原子较少团簇的电子性质与纯金团簇类似, 呈现一定奇偶振荡. 混合团簇中存在镍到金原子间的电荷转移. Ni原子较少团簇中, 自旋电子主要定域在Ni原子上, Ni原子较多团簇中, Au原子明显受到自旋极化. 混合团簇的分波态密度表明, AuNi混合团簇对小分子的反应活性要高于纯金团簇.     

Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Noble Metal Clusters from First Principles

We examine low-energy isomeric forms, static polarizabilities, and optical absorption spectra of Ag _n , n = 2–8, and Au _n , n = 2–3, clusters using first principles computations within the static and time-dependent versions of the density functional theory. The noticeable decrease in the static polarizabilities of Ag₇ and Ag₈ compared to the values characteristic of Ag _n , n = 2–6, is correlated with the transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional structures at n = 7. The optical spectra computed within the time-dependent local density approximation for the most stable structures are in good agreement with the available experimental data and the results of earlier theoretical studies. Optical spectra of higher-energy isomers typically present features that are not observed in the experimental spectra. The d electrons affect the spectra of noble metal clusters by quenching the oscillator strengths through screening of the s electrons and by getting directly involved in the excitations. Due to the larger s–d hybridization in Au compared to Ag, these effects are more pronounced in Au _n clusters.     

The Structural and Electronic Properties of Tin-Based Heteroatom Clusters Studied by the Density Functional Theory

The focus of this study is on compound clusters and, due to the existence of many phases with different structural properties, tin-based materials have been chosen as the reference case. The clusters considered below are of two types: in the first case the clusters have the skeleton of the pure tin clusters and are doped with oxygen and aluminum atoms with composition Sn _x Y _y with Y = Al, O, x = 1, 10 and y = 1, 2. In the second case the clusters have a rutile lattice with a columnar or a spherical shape and a size up to 80 atoms and are doped with a number of aluminum atoms up to 20. The calculations are based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and the results describe the cluster structure, its binding energy and the density of states (DOS). The general indication of the calculations is that the additive coordinates outside, rather than inside, the pristine skeleton with the formation of hybrid bonds with properties similar to the ones of the host atoms. Also conspicuous effects of hybridization are observed in the electronic structure and, due to these effects, the binding energy may decrease with respect to the one in the undoped clusters.     

DFT Study on the Electronic and Structural Properties of ReO5-/0 Clusters

The electronic and structural properties of ReO5 and ReO5 clusters are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The lowest energy structures for both the anionic and neutral clusters are determined, and the corresponding photoelectron spectrum is simulated. Our results show that ReO5 can be described as an unusual peroxo molecule, Re(O)3(η2-O2) , while ReO5 is found to be exhibiting the O2 o radical character. Molecular orbital analyses and spin density analyses are performed to elucidate the chemical bonding and the electronic and structural properties in these two rhenium oxide clusters.     

Structural and Electronic Properties in Titanium-Doped Stannum Clusters: Comparison with Their Anions and Cations

The neutral, anionic, and cationic Sn_nTi^{(0, ±1)} (n?=?1–10) units are researched computationally using a density functional theory. The optimized geometries of Sn_nTi^{(0, ±1)} clusters illustrate that the most stable structures between the neutral, anionic, and cationic clusters keep the similar structures when n?=?1, 2, 4, 5, 9,10, however, we find that the obtained most stable clusters of the size n?=?3, 6, 7, 8 are different. From the optimized results a systematic analysis is carried out to obtain the relative stabilities, electronic properties, and natural population analysis of Sn_nTi^{(0, ±1)} clusters. The relative stabilities are investigated by analyzing the binding energies, fragmentation energies, and the second order energies difference of Sn_nTi^{(0, ±1)} clusters, the results show that the binding energies of anionic clusters are obviously larger than those of neutral and cationic clusters. The HOMO–LUMO gap, the adiabatic electron affinity, vertical electron detachment energy, adiabatic ionization potential energy, and vertical ionization potential energy respond the electronic property, we obtain that the Ti atom changes the electron structures of stannum clusters. To discuss reliable charge transfer information from Sn_nTi clusters to Sn_nTi^? clusters and Sn_nTi⁺ clusters, the natural population analysis of neutral, anionic, and cationic Sn_nTi^(0,±1) clusters are calculated.     

Electronic and Optical Properties of Hydrogenated Si Clusters

The geometric, electronic, and photoabsorption properties of some hydrogenated silicon clusters are investigated. The density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation fimctional is applied. Our study shows that the geometric structures of them relax with their increasing sizes. Synchronously, the polarizations of Si-H bonds become weak slowly but overlap populations increase. In Mulliken population analysis, we find a distinctive passivation effect （some electrons are transferred from outer Si atoms to the central Si with four-coordinate Si atoms）. Owing to the quantum confinement, the energy gap and the lowest excitation energy increase with the decreasing sizes. For nanometer scale cluster, the transition from the highest occupied molecular orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital state is usually prohibited.     

Geometrical Structures and Electronic Properties of Copper-Doped Aluminum Clusters

Using density function theory (DFT), the Cu-doped Aln (n=1?15) clusters have been stud-ied. The electron a±nity, ionization potential, Mulliken population analysis of Cu, mean polarizability, polarizability anisotropy, dipole moments and HOMO-LUMO gaps have also been calculated on the basis of optimized geometries. The results indicate that there is magic numbers in copper-doped aluminum clusters and electronic characteristic depended on the size of clusters. As n=13, the electron affinity and ionization potential of cluster changed more than 0.3 and 0.6 eV respectively, compared with neighborhood clusters.     

正、负和中性TiP10团簇结构与电子性质的密度泛函研究

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法研究了正、负和中性TiP10团簇的几何构型和电子结构. 计算结果表明, 中性TiP10团簇的基态构型为金属夹心结构, 正、负离子团簇同样具有该基态稳定结构. 通过对基态稳定结构的分子轨道分析表明, δ键对形成夹心结构起到重要作用. 理论计算得到的中性TiP10团簇的垂直和绝热电离能分别为7.84和7.68 eV, 垂直和绝热电子亲和势分别为3.18和3.35 eV.     

Electronic Properties of Q-CdS Clusters Stabilized by Adenine

Adenine-capped Q-CdS has been synthesized in an aqueous medium. IR spectroscopy indicates an interaction between Q-CdS and adenine through Cd²⁺. The amount of adenine controls the size of the clusters. A typical 5×10⁻³ mol dm⁻³ of adenine produces nanoclusters having the onset of absorption and an emission band at 2.8 and 2.35 eV, respectively. Adenine binds to the shallower traps and enhances the emission intensity of the 530-nm band without causing any shift in emission. Thermolysis of these colloids leads to the production of larger CdS clusters with changed electronic properties. Relaxation kinetics of charge carriers shows their average lifetime to increase with a decrease in particle size. Illumination of these particles does not lead to their photodissolution. This catalyst is, however, photoactive. The addition of indole causes the quenching of its emission. The photocatalytic oxidation of indole produces indigo with a quantum efficiency of 0.03.     

Ge_nEu(n=1-13)团簇的结构、电子及磁性质(英文)

利用密度泛函理论在广义梯度近似下研究了GenEu(n=1-13)团簇的生长模式和磁性.结果表明:对于GenEu(n=1-13)团簇的基态结构而言,没有Eu原子陷入笼中.这和SinEu以及其它过渡金属掺杂半导体团簇的生长模式不同.除GeEu团簇外,GenEu(n=2-13)团簇的磁矩均为7μB.团簇的总磁矩与Eu原子的4f轨道磁矩基本相等.Ge、Eu原子间的电荷转移以及Eu原子的5d、6p和6s间的轨道杂化可以增强Eu原子的局域磁矩,却不能增强团簇总磁矩.     

Structural and Electronic Properties of Neutral and Ionic GanOn Clusters with n = 4—7

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.     

The Electronic and Magnetic Properties of a Few Transition-Metal Clusters

Using density functional theory we present a systematic study of the electronic and magnetic properties of various nickel clusters and two small bimetallic clusters, Ni _n Co _m and Ni _n Fe _m (n + m ≤ 6). A detail study of binding energy, magnetic moment and stability function of pure nickel clusters of nuclearity (N) 40–60 have been performed. We observe that the magic numbers occur at N = 43, 46, 49, 53, 55, and 58, which correspond to the most stable clusters. We find that, with increase in substitution of Co and Fe atoms in Ni cluster, while Ni _n Co _m becomes more stable, the Ni _n Fe _m clusters become less stable. The significant enhancement of average magnetic moment and suppression of local magnetic moment of nickel atoms are found in both clusters with increase in Co and Fe concentration.     

金钯二元小团簇的几何结构与电子性质

在UBP86/LANL2DZ和UB3LYP/def2-TZVP水平下详细研究了AumPdn(m+n≤6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质.阐明了团簇的结构特征、平均结合能、垂直电离势、垂直电子亲和能、电荷转移以及成键特征.除单取代混合团簇(AunPd和AuPdn,n=5或6)外,五和六原子混合团簇中钯原子趋于聚集到一起形成Pdcore,金原子分布在Pdcore周围形成PdcoreAushell结构.含一个和两个钯原子团簇的电子性质与纯金团簇类似,呈现一定奇偶振荡.混合团簇的电子性质,如最高占据分子轨道(HOMO),最低未占据分子轨道(LUMO),垂直电离势,垂直电子亲和能,Fermi能级和化学硬度等均与团簇空间结构和金、钯原子数之比直接相关.混合团簇中存在钯原子到金原子间的电荷转移,表明团簇中存在明显金钯间成键作用.分析团簇的电荷分布、前线轨道和化学硬度表明,金钯混合团簇对小分子如O2、H2和CO等的反应活性要强于纯金团簇.     

Density Functional Theory Study on the Structural and Electronic Properties of Ge（SiO_2）_n Clusters

The geometry,stability,binding energy and electronic properties of(SiO2)n and Ge(SiO2)n clusters(n = 7) have been investigated by Density functional theory(DFT).The results show that the lowest energy structures of Ge(SiO2)n are obtained by adding one Ge on the end site of the O atom or the Si near end site of the O atom in(SiO2)n.The chemical activation of Ge-(SiO2)n is improved compared with(SiO2)n.The calculated second-order difference of energies and fragmentation energies show that the Ge(SiO2)n clusters with n = 2 or 5 are stable.     

Structural and Electronic Properties of Nanostructured HAlO

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.     

Oxidation Effects on the Electronic Properties of Hydrogenated Silicon Clusters

The geometric and electronic properties of some hydrogenated silicon clusters in the presence of oxygen on the surface have been investigated.The density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation functional was applied in our calculations.By calculating the total energy,the double bond Si=O is shown to be more stable than the bridge bond Si-O-Si for large size oxidized clusters.The results of Mulliken population analysis indicate that a so-called passivation effect is enhanced by oxidization effects.From the energy band structures and density of states,we find that some localized states are induced by the p-orbital of O atom mainly and reduce the energy gaps substantially.     

DFT Study on the Electronic and Structural Properties of MoS6-/0 Clusters

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to investigate the structural and electronic properties of MoS6- and MoS6 clusters. Generalized Koopmans’ theorem is applied to predict the vertical detachment energies and simulate the photoelectron spectra (PES). Intriguingly, the terminal S2- , polysulfide S22- and S32- ligands simultaneously emerge in the lowest-energy structure of MoS6 . Molecular orbital analyses are performed to analyze the chemical bonding in MoS6-/0 clusters and elucidate their structural and electronic properties.     

Growth Pattern, Electronic Structures and Magnetic Moments of Small Lutetium Clusters

The lowest-energy configurations, electronic structures and magnetic moments of small Lu _n (n = 2–20) clusters have been investigated within the framework of density functional theory. The results show that Lu _n (n = 4, 8, 13, and 18) clusters are more stable than their respective neighbors, and structural transformation reveals at n = 16. As the number of atoms increases, the magnetic moments increase in an alternating fashion until they reach a maximum of 4.00 μ_B for Lu₈ clusters, followed by even–odd oscillation between 0.00 and 1.00 μ_B over the range n = 9–20.     

TinO2和TinO2-(n=1-10)团簇的几何结构、电子和磁性质

基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,研究了TinO2和TinO2-(n=1-10)团簇的几何结构、电子结构以及磁性.结果表明,两个氧以分离的原子状态吸附在金属团簇的表面,呈现出以一个钛原子为中心的O-Ti-O的相邻吸附形式.中性团簇和阴离子团簇的能量最低结构相似.稳定性分析表明TinO2具有很高的稳定性,特别是TiO2和Ti7O2.此外,详细讨论了团簇的电离势、电子亲和能、电子解离能和能隙.基于最低能量结构,讨论了团簇的磁性,发现电荷从Ti原子向O原子转移,并且电荷转移主要发生在TinO2的Ti-3d、Ti-4s和O-2p轨道.磁性团簇中反铁磁序占据主导,磁矩主要来源Ti-3d电子的贡献,而两个氧原子的贡献非常小.