电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地质样品中的金

建立了王水溶解-聚氨酯泡沫塑料吸附-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地质样品中的金。探讨了振荡时间对回收率的影响,最终确定振荡时间为1h。在优化条件下,方法的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)在4.2%~9.0%,加标回收率在92.00%~114.6%,方法检出限为0.11ng/g。方法操作简单,测定精密度高,检出限低,满足大批量地质样品的分析需要。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地质样品中重稀土元素和钍、铀

对电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法同时测定地质样品中重稀土元素和钍、铀的前处理方法做了改进。采取酸溶法和碱熔法结合,先用硝酸、盐酸、氢氟酸和高氯酸溶样,用盐酸(1+1)提取,再过滤,滤渣及滤纸灰化后再碱熔,最后用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定重稀土元素和钍、铀的含量。增加称样量以保证样品更具代表性。克服了酸溶法分解不完全导致测定结果偏低和碱熔法引入太多盐分堵塞ICP-MS矩管和雾化器的两大弊端。方法经国家一级标准物质验证,测定值与标准值基本一致,方法相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.0%~5.6%,符合地质样品分析规范要求。钇、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥和钍、铀的方法定量限分别为0.19、0.017、0.032、0.008、0.046、0.004、0.032、0.005、0.024、0.069μg/g。     

王水溶样-电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法测定地质样品中的金

称取10.00 g样品放于马弗炉中700℃条件下焙烧后,加入约60 mL王水,盖上表面皿于低温电热板(1000 W)溶解40 min,加入5 mL动物胶(20 g/L),搅拌均匀后加入等体积的水,抽滤,滤液定溶至500 mL,分液后以10 ng/mL的Rh为内标建立了王水溶样-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法快速测定地质样品中金的分析方法。方法适用于检测0.1~10μg/g品位的矿石样品,对国家一级标准物质GBW07209、GBW07808、GBW07809、GBW07300进行12次测定,其相对标准偏差RSD均小于5%,相对误差RE均小于2%。方法具有简单快速等优势,在实际应用中得到满意的结果。     

王水溶样-电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法测定地质样品中的金

称取10.00g样品放于马弗炉中700℃条件下焙烧后,加入约60mL王水,盖上表面皿于低温电热板(1 000W)溶解40min,加入5mL动物胶(20g/L),搅拌均匀后加入等体积的水,抽滤,滤液定溶至500mL,分液后以10ng/mL的Rh为内标建立了王水溶样-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法快速测定地质样品中金的分析方法。方法适用于检测0.1～10μg/g品位的矿石样品,对国家一级标准物质GBW07209、GBW07808、GBW07809、GBW07300进行12次测定,其相对标准偏差RSD均小于5%,相对误差RE均小于2%。方法具有简单快速等优势,在实际应用中得到满意的结果。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定高钨基体样品中稀土元素的含量

准确测定钨矿和钨酸盐晶体等高钨基体样品中稀土元素的含量有助于开展矿床地球化学特征研究及钨酸盐激光晶体材料的制备和性质研究。在高钨基体样品电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）分析时,为了考察高钨及高含量阳离子等基体组成对分析结果的影响,实验针对Na2WO4、CaWO4、NaY(WO4)2、MnWO4和(Fe,Mn)WO4等高钨基体样品,采用硝酸和氢氟酸高压密闭消解,加入稀土元素并用2% HNO3溶液稀释定容配制成稀土元素浓度为1 ng·g-1的基体匹配标准溶液;同时,直接用2% HNO3溶液配制稀土元素浓度相同的非基体匹配标准溶液以对比系统考察两种基体溶液中稀土元素的相对灵敏度系数（RSC）差异。结果显示,基体匹配溶液与2% HNO3溶液中稀土元素的RSC相对偏差基本小于15%,表明基体效应的影响可以忽略不计。进而,为了准确测定常见高钨基体样品中稀土元素的含量,实验建立了基于ICP-MS的高钨基体样品中稀土元素准确定量分析方法,该方法线性关系好（R2 ? 0.9997）,检出限低（0.5 ~ 27.9 pg·g-1）,准确度理想（相对误差-6.25 ~ 10.74%）。采用该方法测定了钨酸钙单晶实际样品中稀土元素的含量并将其与基体匹配法的测定结果进行比对,结果显示两者相对偏差为0.80 ~ 12.75%,说明本文所建立的分析方法可靠,能用于定量测定高钨基体样品中稀土元素的含量。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱测定地质样品中多种元素

用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定了地质样品中多种元素。考察了测量过程中的基体效应及质谱干扰,利用In内标,补偿由于基体效应的影响所引起的测量偏差,建立校正公式校正质谱干扰。方法的检出限为0.06~250ng/L,精密度为1.7%~3.2%,加标回收率为91%~108%,方法适于批量地质样品分析。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中的痕量金

采用王水体系对地球化学样品进行水浴消解,聚氨酯泡塑吸附富集,硫脲解脱,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中的金元素。采用调谐液调节ICP-MS仪器至最佳化,以GAu-11b为标准,单点校正直接测定。对痕量金标准物质(GAu-12、GAu-13、GAu-11b、GAu-10a、GAu-2b、GAu-7b、GAu-8a)的分析结果与标准值相一致,方法相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)为4.8%~6.7%。方法检出限为0.015ng/g,加标回收率为85.5%~100%。与常规石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定方法相比较,ICP-MS法操作简单快捷、试剂用量少、信背比高,有利于大批量地球化学样品快速测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定铜铅锌矿中稀土元素

铜铅锌矿石样品中加入硝酸、盐酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸,在封闭消解杯中处理后,再加硫酸冒烟,盐酸提取,稀释后用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定其中的稀土元素,并用铑和铱作内标元素补偿基体效应和灵敏度漂移。根据铜铅锌矿石标准参考物质(GBW07233～GBW07237)的分析结果评价方法的准确度和精密度,对标准物质的测定值与标准值基本一致,方法相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%～7.6%,符合地质样品分析规范要求。方法检出限为0.001～0.011μg/g。     

一体化碰撞反应（iCRC）-电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法测定地质样品中痕量稀土元素

钡以及轻稀土元素氧化物对中、重稀土元素的干扰一直是质谱测试中存在的问题。建立了石墨粉垫底碳酸钠-硼酸混合熔剂熔融前处理样品,以103 Rh为内标校正,一体化碰撞反应-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地质样品中稀土元素含量的方法。探讨了碳酸钠-硼酸混合熔剂熔融前处理样品注意事项、碰撞模式下碰撞气流量和离子透镜的参数优化、干扰校正实验等问题,采用国家标准物质GBW07403、GBW07405、GBW07427、GBW07429验证,实验结果表明,各元素线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限在0.01～0.03mg/kg,相对误差为0.13%～7.1%,相对标准偏差为0.79%～6.6%,测定结果与标准值相吻合。对实际样品分析,得到平滑的球粒陨石归一化的稀土元素配分曲线,证明测定结果是合理可信的。方法熔剂用量少,过程空白低,对器皿的侵蚀小,直接加热浸取,简化了操作过程,适用于大批量地质样品中稀土元素的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中的碘

建立了以艾斯卡试剂分解样品,以阳离子交换树脂分离基体中钠和锌,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中碘的方法。方法经国家一级标准土壤参考样品验证,方法的检出限为0.006 9μg/g、相对标准偏差为3.3%~7.6%和相对误差为-2.3%~4.1%。方法能够满足地球化学样品的分析测定要求。且方法操作简便,测定成本低,分析周期短,适合于批量样品的分析测定。     

液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定稻米中的5种砷形态

建立了稻米中砷酸根[As（Ⅴ）]、亚砷酸根[As（Ⅲ）]、砷甜菜碱（AsB）、一甲基砷（MMA）和二甲基砷（DMA）的液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱（LC-ICP-MS）检测方法。以0.3 mol/L硝酸水溶液为提取试剂,样品在石墨消解仪中于95 ℃消解1.5 h,上清液供LC-ICP-MS分析。5种砷形态采用Dionex IonPac AS19阴离子交换柱（250 mm×4 mm）分离,经ICP-MS检测。比较了4种提取液对稻米中5种砷形态的提取效率,并对提取溶剂的浓度、提取温度和提取时间等条件进行了优化。通过加标回收试验结合测定标准物质考察了方法准确度及精密度,在2个加标水平上各形态的回收率为89.6%~99.5%,RSD（n=5）不大于3.6%,大米标准物质中各形态之和的测定结果与其标准值吻合,5种砷形态的线性范围AsB和DMA为0.05~200 μg/L,As（Ⅲ）和MMA为0.10~400 μg/L,As（V）为0.15~600 μg/L,方法检出限为0.15~0.45 μg/kg。结果表明,本方法简单、灵敏、耐用,可用于稻米中5种砷形态的准确定量和风险评估。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中镉、锗、钴

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中镉、锗、钴含量的分析方法。样品用氢氟酸-硝酸混合溶液加热溶解,然后加热浓缩驱酸,再用硝酸溶液(1+1)复溶提取,在选定的仪器工作条件下进行测定。镉、锗、钴的含量分别在0.00~0.10,0.00~5.00,0.00~50.00 μg/g范围内与质谱峰强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限分别为0.01,0.02,0.02 μg/g。用该方法对国家一级标准物质进行测定,测定值的相对误差均小于10%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.79%~8.45%(n=12)。该方法样品处理过程简便,检测效率高,适用于批量地质样品中镉、锗、钴的测定。     

Open-channel chip-based solid-phase extraction combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for online determination of trace elements in volume-limited saline samples

In this study, we used an automated online chip-based solid-phase extraction (SPE)-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) system for analyzing trace elements in small-volume saline samples (～15 μL). The proposed method involved the adsorption of trace metal ions in the interior of a functionalized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) channel in order to separate these ions from saline matrices. The adsorption of transition metal ions was presumably dominated by the surface complexation between the carboxylate moieties in the interior of the PMMA channel and the metal ions, which facilitated the formation of metal-carboxylate complexes. The components of the proposed online analytical system used for the simultaneous detection of multiple trace metals in saline samples involved microdialysis (MD) sampling, an established chip-based SPE procedure, and ICP-MS. The SPE-ICP-MS hyphenated system was optimized, and then, the analytical reliability of this system was further confirmed by using it to analyze the certified reference materials-SRM 2670 (human urine) and SRM 1643e (artificial saline water). The satisfactory analytical results indicated that the proposed on-chip SPE device could be readily used as an interface for coupling the MD probe with the ICP-MS system. The dramatically reduced consumption of chemicals and "hands-on" manipulations enabled the realization of a simplified and relatively clean procedure with extremely low detection limits in the range of 5.86-76.91 ng L(-1) for detecting Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Pb in 15-μL samples by ICP-MS. The effectiveness of an online MD-chip-based SPE-ICP-MS technique for continuous monitoring of trace elements in a simulated biological system was also demonstrated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to report the direct exploitation of a PMMA chip as an SPE adsorbent for online sample pretreatment and trace metal preconcentration prior to ICP-MS measurement.     

碰撞池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定芝麻中痕量的锗

建立了碰撞池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定芝麻中痕量的锗元素(germanium , Ge)。采用微波消解,碰撞池(KED模式)-电感耦合等离子体质谱检测,在线引入内标元素铑(Rh),同时消解液中加入3%正戊醇增敏。结果 3 % 正戊醇可使_⁷⁴Ge的上机检测信号强度提高2.85倍,_⁷⁴Ge校正曲线线性相关系数为1.00000,检出限为0.0555 μg/kg,加标回收率为92.0%~106%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD%)为2.6%~4.3%。采用建立的方法测定7种国家标准物质,检测结果均在认定值范围内,RSD%为2.5%~8.8%。结论 该方法灵敏度高、准确,可实现批量检测,适用于芝麻中痕量锗的检测。     

g-C3 N4 富集结合毛细管电泳与电感耦合等离子体质谱联用分析西瓜中硒形态

硒是人体所必需的微量元素之一,对人身体健康非常重要。该工作称取2.0 g三聚氰胺于反应釜中,在600℃下密闭加热2 h,冷却至室温,取0.5 g上述产物置于烧杯中在室温下超声10 h,静置30 min,取上层乳白色溶液于60℃下烘干,即得类石墨烯氮化碳（g-C₃ N₄ ）。所制备的g-C₃ N₄ 经傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、场发射环境扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行表征,证明g-C₃ N₄ 已经成功合成。建立了毛细管电泳-电感耦合等离子体质谱（CE-ICP-MS）联用技术测定西瓜中硒形态的新方法。用胃蛋白酶作提取剂及超声波辅助提取西瓜中的硒形态,经g-C₃ N₄ 富集、长100 cm内径100 μm毛细管分离,电泳电压为22 kV,缓冲液为8 mmol/L NaH₂ PO₄ -12 mmol/L H₃ BO₃ -0.2 mmol/L十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）（pH 9.2）,于11 min内完全分离6种硒形态。所建立的方法检测速度快、灵敏度高,采用CH₄ 作动态反应气消除干扰。硒脲（SeUr）、硒代胱氨酸（SeCys₂ ）、硒代蛋氨酸（SeMet）、亚硒酸钠（Se（Ⅳ））、硒酸钠（Se（Ⅵ））、硒代乙硫氨酸（SeEt）的线性范围（按Se计）分别为0.017~20 μg/L、0.091~50 μg/L、0.032~40 μg/L、0.023~60 μg/L、0.015~75 μg/L、0.015~30 μg/L。各硒形态的线性相关系数均大于0.9995,SeUr、SeCys₂ 、SeMet、Se（Ⅳ）、Se（Ⅵ）、SeEt的检出限分别为6.2、30、11、8.2、48、5.5 ng/L,回收率为96.0%~106%,RSD < 3%。将本方法应用于西瓜中硒形态分析,结果令人满意。     

New application of microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for multi-element analysis in komatiites

A new method using microwave digestion combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was studied to analyze the elemental composition of a variety of komatiites samples. Microwave digestion consisted in two-stage heating and pressurizing acid treatments for maximum dissolution of the samples. We report here different quality control measurements (external and internal calibration, monitoring of reference materials) which involve standard deviation calculations and recovery examinations in order to test the precision and accuracy of the analytical procedure. Data for 17 elements (Na, P, K, T, V Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Pb, Al, F, Ca and Mg) in eight komatiite samples and two USGS basalt reference samples (BCR-2 and BHVO-2) are presented. We evaluate our new digestion and instrumental procedure. The element concentration obtained for BCR-2 and BHVO-2 agreed well with the certified values, the relative standard deviations were lower than 5% and recoveries were good. Our analytical results demonstrate that it reproduces accurately the concentrations of minor and trace elements in komatiites. The ease of digestion of the samples and the speed (less than 12 h) to digest the komatiite material makes this technique an efficient method to be used easily and routinely for preparing and analyzing komatiites samples for multiple elements determination.     

Gold colloid analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in a single particle mode

Analysis in a single particle mode of gold colloids in water has been performed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The signal induced by the flash of ions due to the ionization of a colloid in the plasma torch can be measured for the ions ¹⁹⁷Au⁺ by the mass spectrometer without interferences. The intensity of the MS signal is recorded in time scan. The recorded peak distributions were analysed as a function of the colloid size for five monodisperse colloids (80-250 nm). This study describes the experimental conditions to analyse gold colloids in a single particle mode. The size detection limit is around 25 nm corresponding to 0.15 fg colloids and one particle per ml may be detected during a 1 min time scan within standard procedure.     

氧化镁烧结-电感耦合等离子质谱法测定冰铜中的铼

本文建立了一种利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定冰铜中铼的方法。样品经氧化镁烧结,热水浸取法处理,溶液经732强酸型阳离子交换树脂处理交换去除干扰离子,实现了ICP-MS直接测定冰铜中的铼。实验结果表明,在最佳试验条件下,方法的检出限可低至0.010mg/t,加标回收率为92.00%~104.00%,测定结果的相对标准偏差（RSD,n=7）小于5%,测定结果令人满意。由此可见,该方法精密度高,准确度高,可用于冰铜中铼的测定。     

Determination of arsenic, iron and selenium in moss samples using hexapole collision cell, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Different collision gases (H₂, He and premixed 7% H₂ in He) used in the hexapole collision cell of an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) were compared, and the gas-flow rates were optimized for the determination of arsenic (), iron () and selenium (). The study showed that the argon-based interferences at mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) of 56, 75 and 80 can be overcome by the optimized gas flows (7.5 ml min⁻¹ premixed 7% H₂ in He and 2 ml min⁻¹ H₂) in the hexapole collision cell. Detection limits of 15.5 ng l⁻¹ for iron () and 29 ng l⁻¹ for selenium () in 2% (v/v) HNO₃ were obtained under optimized collision cell conditions. The detection limit for arsenic () obtained in difficult hydrochloride acid matrix (5% HCl (v/v)) was 153 ng l⁻¹. The accuracy of the optimized method was confirmed by analyzing two moss reference materials. The results obtained by ICP-MS for arsenic, selenium and iron from both moss reference samples were, in most cases, in good agreement with the certified values.