多氯联苯醚的结构参数和热力学性质的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法在B3LYP/6-31G*水平上对209个多氯联苯醚(PCDEs)系列化合物进行了全优化和振动分析计算, 得到各分子的结构参数和热力学性质, 并研究了这些参数与氯原子的取代位置及取代数目(N_PCS)之间的关系. 结果表明: 分子平均极化率(α)、焓(H^Ө)、自由能(G^Ө)、恒容热容( )和熵(S^Ө)与N_PCS之间有很强的相关性(相关性系数r²分别为0.9955, 1.0000, 1.0000, 0.9918, 0.9995), 分子体积(V_m)和最高占据轨道能(E_HOMO)与N_PCS也有较好的相关性, 相关性系数r²分别为0.9735和0.9362. 设计等键反应, 计算了PCDEs系列化合物的标准生成热(Δ_fH^Ө)和标准生成自由能(Δ_fG^Ө). 根据异构体自由能的相对大小, 从理论上求得异构体的相对稳定性顺序.     

二苯基乙二酮结构和电子光谱的理论研究

基于二苯基乙二酮结构优化,在TD-B3LYP/6-31+G*水平上讨论了两个异构体在气相和液相中的吸收和发射光谱.溶液中的计算采用可极化连续介质模型.结果表明,溶剂极性增加更有利于顺式非平面构型的形成,两个异构体的T1和S1态以及顺式非平面结构的S2态都源于双羰基上的n→π*.     

甲氧基在Rh(111)表面吸附的密度泛函研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,以原子簇Rh13(9,4)为模拟表面,在6-31G(d,p)与Lanl2dz基组水平上,对甲氧基在Rh(111)表面的四种吸附位置(fcc、hcp、top、bridge)的吸附模型进行了几何优化、能量计算、Mulliken电荷布局分析以及前线轨道的计算。结果表明,当甲氧基通过氧与金属表面相互作用时,在bridge位的吸附能最大,吸附体系最稳定,在top位转移的电子数最多;吸附于Rh(111)面的过程中C—O键被活化,C—O键的振动频率发生红移。     

钌催化间位磺化反应机理的DFT研究

导向过渡金属催化反应是实现区域选择性芳环碳氢活化/衍生化的一种重要手段. 本文使用DFT理论(M06//B3LYP)对Frost小组的钌催化2-芳基吡啶间位磺化反应机理进行了研究. 通过计算, 我们发现该机理主要包括邻位C—H活化、亲电取代、还原消除及催化剂再生四个步骤. 其中导向邻位C—H活化是速率决定步, 亲电取代为区域选择决定步. Ru与导向基邻位碳原子成键使苯环电子密度分布发生变化, 同时与位阻作用相结合引导亲电取代发生在Ru—C键的对位(即导向基间位). 在此基础上, 我们还研究了K₂CO₃和溶剂极性对反应的影响.     

多氯代吩噁嗪热力学性质的密度泛函理论研究

在B3LYP/6-31G*水平上对135个多氯代吩噁嗪(PCPXs)系列化合物进行了全优化和振动分析计算, 得到各分子在298.15 K, 1.013×105 Pa标准状态下的热力学性质. 设计等键反应, 计算了PCPXs系列化合物的标准生成热(Δf )和标准生成自由能(Δf ), 研究了这些参数与氯原子的取代位置及取代数目(NPCS)之间的关系, 结果表明: 熵( )、Δf , Δf 与NPCS之间有很强的相关性. 根据异构体标准生成自由能的相对大小, 从理论上求得异构体的相对稳定性. 以Gaussian 03程序的输出文件为基础, 采用统计热力学程序计算了PCPXs化合物在200 K至1800 K的摩尔恒压热容(Cp,m), 并用最小二乘法求得Cp,m与温度之间的相关方程, 发现Cp,m与T, T－1和T－2之间有着很好的相关性.     

多溴代二苯胺热力学性质的密度泛函理论研究

在B3LYP/6-31G*水平上对209个多溴代二苯胺(PBDPA)系列化合物进行了全优化和振动分析计算, 得到各分子在298.15 K, 101.3 kPa标准状态下的热力学参数. 设计等键反应, 计算了PBDPA系列化合物的标准生成热(ΔfHÖ)和标准生成自由能(ΔfGÖ). 研究了热力学参数SÖ与溴原子的取代位置及取代数目(NPBS)之间的关系, 结果表明: PBDPA系列化合物的SÖ, ΔfHÖ和ΔfGÖ与NPBS之间有很强的相关性(R2≥0.984). 根据异构体标准生成自由能的相对大小, 从理论上求得异构体的相对稳定性. 以Gaussian 03程序的输出文件为基础, 采用统计热力学程序计算了PBDPA化合物在200 K至1000 K的摩尔恒压热容(Cp,m), 并用最小二乘法求得Cp,m与温度之间的相关方程, 发现Cp,m与T, T－1和T－2之间有着很好的相关性(R2＝1.000).     

C3O2分子结构和光谱的密度泛函理论研究

使用密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/6-31G(d)和B3LYP/6-311G(2d)水平上,研究了C_3O_2分子的可能几何构型,并在6-31G(d)水平上计算了其中2种总能量最小的构型的振动频率,同时与实验观察值进行了比较, 计算结果当C_3O_2分子具有C2v对称性的W型弯曲结构（键角C－C－C和C－C－O分别为162.3°和178.8°）时,振动频率的计算值和实验观察值非常吻合。     

1,1′-联萘-2,2′-二胺的结构和外消旋机理的DFT研究

运用电子密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了1,1′-联萘-2,2′-二胺光学构象的稳定性、消旋异构化过程及机理。研究表明:2,2′-BINAM有三种稳定构型,每一种构型都有两个镜面对映异构体。2,2′-BINAM的异构化有两种类型:一是氨基围绕离域大π键所在平面进行翻转;另一是两个萘环围绕C1-C1′键进行旋转。     

Theoretical Studies on the Molecular Structures and Thermodynamic Properties of Polychlorinated Fluoranthenes

DFT-B3LYP/6-311G** method has been used to optimize molecular geometric structures of 527 polychlorinated fluoranthene(PCFRT) congeners and calculate their thermo-dynamic properties in the ideal gas state,such as heat capacity at constant volume(Cv),entropy(S),standard enthalpy of formation(ΔfH) and standard Gibbs free energy of formation(ΔfG).The relations of Cv,S,ΔfH and ΔfG with the number and position of chlorine atoms have also been explored,from which the relative stability of PCFRT congeners was theoretically proposed according to the magnitude of the relative standard Gibbs free energy of formation(Δr,fG).It was found that some of the PCFRT isomers are in a nonplanar configuration and there are intramolecular Cl…Cl weak interactions in some of the isomers.With increasing the number of chlorine atoms,the values of ΔfH and ΔfG of the most stable PCFRT isomers decrease initially and then increase.The values of ΔfH and ΔfG of PCFRT congeners with the same number of chlorine atoms show a strong dependence on the positions of chlorine atoms.The relative thermodynamic stability of PCFRT isomers is determined mainly by intramolecular adjacent Cl…Cl nuclear repulsive interaction between Cl atoms at two different six-membered rings.Most PCFRT congeners are easier to form thermodynamically than their parent compound.     

多溴吩噻嗪系列化合物的稳定性和热力学性质的密度泛函理论研究

用Gaussian 03程序, 在B3LYP/6-31G*水平上全优化计算了吩噻嗪和135个多溴吩噻嗪系列化合物(PBPTHs)在298.15 K和101.3 kPa状态时的热力学参数. 设计等键反应, 计算了PBPTHs系列化合物的标准生成热( )和标准生成自由能( ). 同时研究了这些参数与溴原子的取代位置及取代数目(NPBS)之间的关系. 结果表明: 多溴吩噻嗪的热能校正值(Eth)、恒容热容( )、标准熵( )、标准焓( )以及标准自由能( )与NPBS之间有很强的相关性(r2≥0.998). 在相关方程中, 溴原子的取代个数对多溴代吩噻嗪热力学数值的大小有很大影响. 根据 的相对大小, 从理论上求得异构体的相对稳定性顺序.     

Regioselectivity Study on Propylene Polymerization Catalyzed by Neutral Salicyladiminato Pd(II) Model Complex with DFT Method

1 INTRODUCTION In the past decade, there was a large increase of research activity on the control of polymer micro- structures by varying the structures of ligands in single-site olefin polymerization catalysts. The ma- jority of such investigations reported till now have been focused on metallocenes[1] of early transition metals or compounds of late transition metal[2, 3] dii- mide catalysts[4～7]. The polymerization mechanisms[8～10] and the influence of ligands on the regioselectivity …     

Regioselectivity Study on Propylene Polymerization Catalyzed by Neutral Salicyladiminato Pd(Ⅱ) Model Complex with DFT Method

Many attempts have been made to control the regioselectivity for olefin poly- merization by varying the structures of ligands in catalysts. The regioselectivity of propylene polymerization was investigated by replacing a nitrogen atom in the Pd(II) diimine catalyst with an oxygen atom from density functional theory method at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level. The results show that the 1,2-insertion becomes a rival mechanism to the 2,1-insertion when the nitrogen atom is replaced by the oxygen atom leading to an asymmetric environment in the catalyst, and that the steric effect in the asymmetrical catalyst plays an important part in the polymerization. The insertion barrier from 2-O is much higher than that from 2-N. A pyramid transition state was characterized for the catalyst to convert 2-O back to 2-N through internal rotation. The propylene prefers to coordinate at the opposite side of O in the catalyst. This is the driving force for the internal rotation. The results are significant for isotactic and syndiotactic polymerization.     

DFT Study on the Electronic and Structural Properties of ReO5-/0 Clusters

The electronic and structural properties of ReO5 and ReO5 clusters are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The lowest energy structures for both the anionic and neutral clusters are determined, and the corresponding photoelectron spectrum is simulated. Our results show that ReO5 can be described as an unusual peroxo molecule, Re(O)3(η2-O2) , while ReO5 is found to be exhibiting the O2 o radical character. Molecular orbital analyses and spin density analyses are performed to elucidate the chemical bonding and the electronic and structural properties in these two rhenium oxide clusters.     

多氯代菲分子结构和热力学性质的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法在B3LYP/6-311G(d, p)水平上对527个多氯代菲分子的几何结构进行了全优化并计算得到它们的热力学性质(等容热容( )、熵(S$)、标准生成焓(ΔfH$)和标准生成Gibbs自由能(ΔfG$)), 研究了这些性质与取代的氯原子数目和位置的关系, 根据各异构体的相对标准生成Gibbs自由能(Δr,fG$)的大小, 得到它们的热力学稳定性顺序. 计算结果表明: 绝大多数多氯代菲分子具有非平面的几何构型, 在多氯代菲分子中存在三种类型的分子内弱相互作用(H…H、C—H…Cl和Cl…Cl相互作用), 随着分子中取代的氯原子数目的增加, 多氯代菲最稳定异构体的ΔfH$和ΔfG$开始时逐渐减小, 然后又快速增加. 具有相同数目氯原子的多氯代菲异构体的ΔfH$和ΔfG$与氯原子的取代位置有很大的关系. 多氯代菲异构体的相对热力学稳定性主要由分子内的离域π键和Cl…Cl核排斥作用的强弱决定.     

1,1'-联萘-8,8'-二酚的结构和消旋机理的密度泛函研究

Density functional theory (DFT) was applied to study the ground state geometries and isomerization processes of 1,1'-binaphthalene-8,8'-diol. Three isomers, denoted as ISO1, ISO2, and ISO3, were found, distinguished by different orientations of the OH groups, and each OH-orientational isomer has R- and S- enantiomer. The conformational stabilities of these isomers were investigated by tracking the energy change with respect to the ring-to-ring torsion. The inter-conversions between the three OH-orientational S-isomers were found to have quite low barriers owing to the nearly free rotation of OH groups around the O-C single bonds. The S-R enantiomerization of ISO1 and ISO2 can take place through the ring-ring torsion around the C1-C10 single bond, either in the anti-rotation manner or in the syn-rotation manner. The barriers of the anti routes are lower than those of the corresponding syn routes by 87.95 and 75.04 kJ/mol. For the S-R enantiomerization of ISO3, only the anti route was found. The barriers for the anti route enantiomerizations of ISO1, ISO2, and ISO3 are 119.61, 120.43, and 121.59 kJ/mol, respectively. A parallel reaction mechanism via three anti enantiomerization routes was proposed for the racemization of 1,1'-binaphthalene-8,8'-diol.     

Relations between DFT and CI approximation

Relations between the two quantum chemical methods density functional theory (DFT) and configuration interaction (CI) are studied. As a result a new expression of the density functional based on CI approximation is presented. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 74: 55–58, 1999     

AlmN(m=2～9)团簇结构与稳定性的DFT研究

用密度泛涵理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法在6-31G*水平上对AlmN(m =2～9)团簇的几何构型、电子结构、振动频率等性质进行了理论研究.给出了以Alm团簇作为设计AlmN类结构的母体，考虑在不同位置上结合N原子的结构，可以较快找到AlmN类团簇基态结构的一种方法.通过对基态结构的几何参数分析发现， m＜4的结构只存在Al－N键； m≥4的结构, Al－N键和Al－Al键共存.对基态结构的绝热电离能讨论结果表明，只存在Al－N键的Al2N和Al3N团簇较稳定.     

金红石型TiO2表面嵌入簇模型的密度泛函研究

应用金属氧化物簇模型的选取原则和密度泛函方法,对一系列嵌入族模型金红石型(TiO₂)n(n=2～15)的表面体系进行了研究,计算结果表明,合理选取的嵌入簇模型可以得到与实验一致的固体表面电子结构,通过描述表面的性质能够给出表面金属吸附的电子行为的定性解释,进一步证实了该模型的密度泛函研究能够用于固体金属氧化物的簇-表面类比.揭示了选择合理的簇模型是保证族表面类比方法成功的主要因素.     

DFT和热力学研究氢键协同效应及对关联1H NMR的影响

用DFT方法在B3LYP／6—311 G(d,p)水平下研究了甲醇线性和环状分子簇．对于不同大小的分子簇之间定义了协同因子,计算得到的协同因子可以验证氢键的强协同效应,环状分子簇之间的协同效应远远大于线性分子簇,做为理论验证和比较,热力学模型分别采用含氢键缔合的格子流体状态方程(LFHB),以及含氢键协同效应的LFHB,关联醇一惰性体系的^1H核磁共振化学位移．考虑协同效应的关联结果优于原始的LFHB,比较量子化学计算的和热力学模型中采用的协同因子,认为甲醇和乙醇在溶液中更可能大部分以线性缔合形式存在。