纳米银修饰的微结构聚合物光纤作为化学-光学传感材料的初步研究

通过调节在微结构聚合物纤维(Microtubes Polymer Opeical Fibers,MPOF)孔道中进行的动态化学反应——银镜反应的条件,可以得到管状或岛状纳米Ag修饰的MPOF.扫描电镜分析显示：在高反应物浓度下,在孔洞阵列中进行反应得到管状银修饰的MPOF;该Ag微管-MPOF复合纤维是导电性的,可以直接作为阵列电极制造电化学传感器.研究结果显示,MPOF复合纤维对治癌物质硝酸根或亚硝酸根有高的可逆氧化还原活性;在低反应物浓度下,在孔洞阵列中进行反应得到岛状银修饰MPOF;当把岛状银修饰MPOF插入有机荧光物质的水溶液中时,观察到荧光有明显的增强效应.     

柚子型微结构光纤Bragg光栅温度和应变传感特性研究

通过对柚子型微结构光纤Bragg光栅的多个反射峰的温度和应变传感特性进行的理论和实验 研究，得出柚子型微结构光纤Bragg光栅的反射波长与温度呈二次关系，且理论和实验二者 吻合较好; 同时发现每个反射峰的温度灵敏度不同.理论分析柚子型微结构光纤Bragg光栅的 反射波长与应变呈线性关系，实验得到了该种Bragg光栅的反射波长与应变的线性关系，实 验结果与理论分析相吻合.由于微结构光纤光栅反射谱中多个峰对温度和应变等物理量敏感 度不一致，这种Bragg光栅更适合应用到多参量传感领域. 关键词： 微结构光纤 光纤Bragg光栅 温度传感 应变传感     

光纤传感

近年来,基于光纤的功能器件被广泛应用,光纤传感器相比于传统传感器具有成本低廉、体积小、质量轻、灵敏度高、耐恶劣环境、抗环境电磁干扰等诸多优势.回顾了光纤的发展历程和基本概念,分别从传统光纤和微结构光纤(光子晶体光纤)两大类别出发,介绍了应用于温度、湿度、应力、磁场等多参量多维度的传感系统.着重介绍了液晶注入型光子晶体光...     

光纤传感物理及其应用

光纤传感器是近十年来迅速发展起来的一种新型传感器．它具有抗电磁干扰、电绝缘性好、灵敏度高、重量轻等一系列优点，因而具有广阔的应用前景．目前已有测量温度、压力、位移、电流、电压等多种物理量的光纤传感器问世．本文介绍了振幅（强度）调制、相位调制、偏振态调制等几类光纤传感器的物理原理、基本特性及其应用概况．     

光纤化学传感同步吸收-荧光法的建立

建立一种光纤化学传感同步测定吸收光谱和荧光光谱的新方法。自制同步吸收-荧光比色皿,结合光纤化学传感技术,建立同步吸收-荧光光谱法检测仪器,分别测定罗丹明B,维生素B₂,维生素B₆等溶液的同步吸收-荧光光谱,且与传统的紫外-可见吸光光度法和荧光法进行对比。同步吸收-荧光光谱法测得罗丹明B,维生素B₂,维生素B₆与传统吸光光度法和荧光光谱法检测的吸收光谱图和荧光光谱的图谱大体一致。最大荧光强度波长与传统的荧光方法比较准确度高,但最大吸收波长略有偏差。同步吸收-荧光光谱法等同于同步测定荧光物质的吸收光谱和荧光光谱,实现二光谱合二为一,测定最大发射波长时准确度高,但最大吸收波长略有偏差,值得深一步研究。     

光纤光栅啁啾化传感研究

提出了光纤光栅啁啾化传感概念和传感机理,将光纤光栅微观分解为栅区长度范围的许多具有独立感知能力且彼此关联的有效作用子栅集,表述了有效作用子栅集与待测环境场空间梯度分布之间的对应关系,从而较好地解释了光纤光栅啁啾谱产生的内在机理.理论推导并实验验证了光栅啁啾谱各谱参量(波长、带宽和反射光强)与待测环境场(温度和应变)之间的对应关系,为利用单一光纤光栅实现多参量同时区分测量、任意非均匀空间分布场传感提供了科学有效的解决方法.     

光纤传感技术对工业发展的促进作用

光纤通信和光纤传感是光纤技术两大应用领域．光纤传感由于具有良好的抗电磁干扰、高电磁绝缘性、本质安全和可成网等诸多优点，因而对仪表工业的发展有很大促进作用，其中包括改造传统产品，更新换代老产品，以及形成新的技术分支．文章对此进行了分析和介绍，并论述了光纤传感研究的新领域。     

光纤光栅温度传感理论与实验

从光纤光栅温度传感模型出发，理论分析研究了光纤光栅的温度传感特性，推导了光纤光栅温度传感的一阶、二阶和有效线性灵敏度系数的解析式，计算了各灵敏度系数的理论值，实验得到了反射波长与温度的二次多项式，对比分析了理论与实验结果，讨论了石英的力学参数对光纤光栅温度传感特性的影响、反射波长与温度的线性及非线性的适用范围等问题. 关键词： 光纤光栅 光纤传感 温度传感     

光纤激光器及其在传感中的应用

介绍了光纤激光器的基本结构和特点，着重介绍了光纤激光器在相位型、波长型、光强型和偏振态型传感器中的应用，指出了光纤激光器在传感中的发展趋势。     

一种双参量偏振调制光纤传感器

提出了一种双参量偏振调制光纤传感器结构。在理论上分析了从一个敏感晶体上分离出两种信息的可能性 :通过合理安排传感头中各部件 ,使得传感器同时输出反映两种信息的两路信号。在实验上获得了理论所预期的结果 :只使用一个传感头就可以同时测量电压与温度、力与温度。实验室条件下 ,温度传感的精度为± 1℃。在工作温度 2 0～ 110℃范围内 ,电压传感的温度稳定性在 0～ 10kV量程内为± 0 .5 % ;而力传感的温度稳定性在 0～80N量程内可达± 0 .1%。     

一种新型Sagnac式光纤电流传感器

为了消除震动对Sagnac式电流传感器测量结果的影响,提出一种光路改进方法来消除传感器对震动的敏感性,其基本原理是抵消Sagnac效应而不影响法拉第磁光效应。利用琼斯矩阵对改进后的光路结构进行了偏振态分析,理论分析和实验结果吻合,表明改进后的传感器其输出与震动无关。耦合半波片后Sagnac式光纤电流传感器的震动敏感性被消除了,为Sagnac式光纤电流传感器的工程化实现提供了一种可行的方法。     

Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensor for Detection of NO2 Using Poly (3-Octylthiophene)

A fiber-optic chemical sensor (FOCS) for detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) molecules is reported. The FOCS presents an optropode structure because of the transmission properties of the sensitive material. The NO₂ FOCS is activated by using the semiconductor polymer: regioregular head-to-tail poly(3-octylthiophene-2,5-diyl). The operation wavelength of the sensor is 543.5 nm such that a simple LED and detector can be used for the design of this device. The sensor response decreases after each exposure, demonstrating the reduction in sensitivity as well as irreversibility lower than 5%. However, its properties such as rapid response, high selectivity, high sensitivity (0.43 ± 0.01 muW/ppm), hygroscopic properties, and its operation at room temperature make this kind of FOCS a good alternative for NO₂ toxic gas detection.     

Fiber-Optic pH Sensor

The new enhancement in the determination of pH using optical fiber system is described here. This work uses the membrane made of cellulose acetate membrane for reagent immobilization and congo red (pK _a 3.7) and neutral red (pK _a 7.2) as pH indicators. An effective covalent chemical binding procedure is used to immobilize the indicators. The response time, reversibility, linear range, reproducibility, and long-term stability of fiber optic sensor with congo red as well as neutral red have been determined. The linear range measured for the sensor based on the congo red and neutral red is 4.2–6.3 and 4.1–9.0, respectively. The response time of sensor membrane is measured by varying the substance pH values between 11.0 and 2.0.     

Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensor for Detection of NO2 Using Poly (3-Octylthiophene)

Abstract

A fiber-optic chemical sensor (FOCS) for detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO ₂ ) molecules is reported. The FOCS presents an optropode structure because of the transmission properties of the sensitive material. The NO ₂ FOCS is activated by using the semiconductor polymer: regioregular head-to-tail poly(3-octylthiophene-2,5-diyl). The operation wavelength of the sensor is 543.5 nm such that a simple LED and detector can be used for the design of this device. The sensor response decreases after each exposure, demonstrating the reduction in sensitivity as well as irreversibility lower than 5%. However, its properties such as rapid response, high selectivity, high sensitivity (0.43 ± 0.01 muW/ppm), hygroscopic properties, and its operation at room temperature make this kind of FOCS a good alternative for NO ₂ toxic gas detection.     

Fiber-Optic pH Sensor

The new enhancement in the determination of pH using optical fiber system is described here. This work uses the membrane made of cellulose acetate membrane for reagent immobilization and congo red (pK_a 3.7) and neutral red (pK_a 7.2) as pH indicators. An effective covalent chemical binding procedure is used to immobilize the indicators. The response time, reversibility, linear range, reproducibility, and long-term stability of fiber optic sensor with congo red as well as neutral red have been determined. The linear range measured for the sensor based on the congo red and neutral red is 4.2-6.3 and 4.1-9.0, respectively. The response time of sensor membrane is measured by varying the substance pH values between 11.0 and 2.0.     

基于强度型光纤传感器的溶解与凝固过程监测

通过改良双通道强度型光纤传感器参考端的参考方式,把参考光纤置于与待测物具有相同或相近折射率温度系数的液体中,从而消除外界环境的不稳定性和多变性.通过食盐、蔗糖和冰糖的溶解速率对比实验,以及胶水和蜡烛的凝固实时监测实验,结果表明,这种传感方式能够很好地对物质的溶解和凝固过程进行实时在线监测.     

光纤双向应变-位移点式传感器

选择不同间距的基片自由端和不同长度的自由悬垂光纤研制了利用光纤弯曲损耗的光纤双向应变-位移传感器.该传感器可分别用于测量应变和位移.实验表明:悬臂梁上的应变标准误差约为～26 με.微位移架上的位移标准误差约～0.06 mm.基本满足建筑结构对测量精度的要求.     

Development of One-dimensional Fiber-Optic Radiation Sensor for Measuring Dose Distributions of High Energy Photon Beams

The purpose of this study was to develop a method for measuring the one-dimensional dose distribution of a high-energy photon beam using a miniaturized high-resolution fiber-optic radiation sensor array. The measurements were made by thin plastic optical fibers with organic scintillating fiber sensor probes that emit the visible wavelength of light. The scintillating light is guided to a silicon photodiode array by plastic optical fibers in order to convert light output to an electrical signal. The one-dimensional spatial dependence of photon beam is measured by a one-dimensional fiberoptic sensor array in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) phantom. It is shown that this fiber-optic radiation sensor has better spatial resolution than a conventional ionization chamber and much less time is required to measure one-dimensional dose distribution in the high radiation fields. The real-time and the high spatial resolution measurements due to the small detector volume make this system suitable for dosimetry in radiation therapy.     

干涉型光纤传感器及阵列的分集检测消偏振衰落技术的研究

对干涉型光纤传感器的分集检测消偏振衰落技术进行了新的理论分析，提出了将各种信号平方后相加的信号处理方式，使之能实现单元及阵列的实时消偏振衰落信号检测。计算了这一信号处理方式可能引起的幅度最大波动，并得出三路检测偏是分集检测的一个合适取值的结论。根据理论分析，在马赫－陈德尔干涉仪上进行实验研究取得了较好结果，并设计了用于阵列的分集检测实现方式。