聚合物基粘土纳米复合材料的流变行为研究

聚合物基粘土纳米复合材料具有与常规颗粒填充体系类似的流变特性 :在整个频率范围内 ,储能模量和损耗模量均随粘土含量的增加而变高 ,其频率依赖性会表现出非未端行为 :且当粘土含量超过临界值以后 ,储能模量会在低频区表现出似固体的平台发展。但与之不同的是前者在低粘土含量的条件下 (<10 % (wt) )就会表现出似固体行为或非末端行为。这些流变特性还会受到粘土的径厚比、化学特性、聚合物基体的分子结构参数和粘土与基体间的相互作用强度等因素的影响。聚合物基粘土纳米复合材料的流变行为是与其微观结构的形成和演化以及聚合物分子链在特定环境下的粘弹松弛过程紧密联系在一起的。本文综述了插层型、剥离型和聚合物分子链一端受限剥离型聚合物基粘土纳米复合材料在力场作用下的流变特性和粘弹松弛机理方面的研究进展。     

聚酰胺/粘土纳米复合材料

聚酰胺／粘土纳米复合材料是一种新型的有机－无机纳米复合材料。在无机物含量远少于常规填充复合材料的情况下就可以具有较好的力学性能、阻隔性能等,热稳定性能也显著提高,并具有阻燃性和各向异性。是一种性能优异的、具有广泛应用前途的纳米复合材料。综述了该纳米复合材料的制备、性能和应用前景等。     

粘土/聚烯烃纳米复合材料研究进展

原位聚合;插层复合;粘土/聚烯烃纳米复合材料研究进展     

聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料中的粘土有机化

回顾了聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料中所用粘土的有机化方法与有机粘土的热稳定性,及其对复合材料性能的影响,指出在聚合物/粘土复合材料中粘土片层间距的变化同样有可能受到层间插层剂构象变化的影响、聚合物/粘土纳米材料的长期热氧稳定性与热失重结果可能不一致。     

聚壳糖模板法制备纳米硒

报道了一种利用天然高分子壳聚糖为软模板水相制备纳米硒的方法。研究了反应时间、反应物浓度、温度、超声等实验条件对产物粒度大小、形貌的影响。结果表明 ,当n(Vc)∶n(H2 SeO3 ) =4∶1、壳聚糖质量分数为 1 2 0× 10 -4、常温下反应 2h时 ,可得到均匀稳定的球形纳米硒颗粒 ,平均粒径约 5 0nm ,并随反应体系的总浓度增加而减小。在 80℃反应时 ,得到了棒状纳米硒。采用紫外光谱、红外光谱、X射线衍射和透射电镜等对产物进行了结构分析和形貌观察。     

聚合物基无机纳米复合材料的制备方法Ⅰ.原位生成法

无机纳米颗粒因其巨大的表面能有很强的团聚趋势,用常规复合方法难以制得聚合物基无机纳米复合材料。本文对聚合物基无机纳米复合材料的复合形式和制备方法进行了探讨,分为两篇对原位生成法,直接分散法,同时形成法的原理和方法进行综论。本篇主要讨论原位生成法的基本原理,关键技术和制备过程。     

插层聚合制备粘土/环氧树脂纳米复合材料过程中粘土剥离行为的研究

用ＸＲＤ、ＤＳＣ 等手段研究了有机蒙脱土在环氧树脂中的插层与剥离行为,证明环氧树脂容易插层到粘土片层间,形成稳定的插层混合物,加入胺固化剂固化后,粘土被剥离而得到剥离型纳米复合材料,剥离程度与所采用的固化温度关系不大,主要取决于固化程度,全部剥离的时间与环氧树脂凝胶的时间接近．     

化学流体沉积法制备纳米复合材料研究进展

化学流体沉积(Chemical Fluid Deposition,CFD)是近年来新发展的一种材料制备方法。与化学气相沉积(CVD)等其它传统方法相比,具有很多突出优点。本文在论述CFD方法的原理、特点及典型反应装置的基础上,重点就CFD的研究现状、优势以及目前尚存在的不足进行了分析讨论,指出了CFD在制备纳米复合材料中的作用、发展前景和今后应该注意解决的关键问题。     

预聚合法制备聚丙烯酰胺毛细管凝胶柱

提出了一种温和条件下制备交联聚丙烯酸胺毛细管凝胶电泳柱的新方法──预聚合法.讨论了制备过程中的问题,获得了凝胶组成、毛细管内径及长度等不同的交联聚丙烯酸胺毛细管凝胶电泳柱.采用激光回射干涉检测技术,实现了蛋白质标准样品的毛细管凝胶电泳在柱分离检测.     

Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Polyurethane/Organically Modified Montmorillonite Clay Nanocomposites by TGA

Polyurethane (PU) has been prepared by using polyether polyol (jagropol oil) and 1,6- hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) as a cross-linker. The organically modified montmorillonite clay (MMT) is well-dispersed into urethane matrix by an in situ polymerization method. A series of PU/MMT nanocomposites have been prepared by incorporating varying amounts of nanoclay viz., 1, 3, 5 and 6 wt %. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the PU/MMT nanocomposites has been performed in order to establish the thermal stability and their mode of thermal degradation. The TGA thermograms exhibited the fact that nanocomposites have a higher decomposition temperature in comparison with the pristine PU. It was found that the thermal degradation of all PU nanocomposites takes place in three steps. All the nanocomposites were stable up to 205°C. Degradation kinetic parameters of the composites have been calculated for each step of the thermal degradation processes using three mathematical models namely, Horowitz–Metzger, Coats–Redfern and Broido's methods.     

Synthesis of Exfoliated MEH-PPV/Clay Nanocomposites

The synthesis of poly（2-methoxy-5-（2＇-ethyl-hexyloxy）-l,4-phenylenevinylene） （MEH-PPV） in the presence of organophilic montmorillonite （OMMT） was reported and the exfoliated MEH-PPV/OMMT nanocomposites was obtained by controlling the ratio of the monomer to the OMMT.     

聚氨酯基层状硅酸盐纳米复合物研究进展

具有优良综合性能的聚合物基层状硅酸盐纳米复合物是当前材料科学研究的重要方向。本文介绍了以聚氨酯材料为基质的聚合物基层状硅酸盐纳米复合物的制备技术、表征手段、物理化学性能以及结构形态,对该复合材料的工业开发前景、国内外研究现状以及发展趋势进行了分析。     

Immobilized Enzyme Particles Prepared by Radiation Polymerization of Polyurethane Prepolymer

The immobilization of enzymes such as cellulase by radiation polymerization of dispersed polyurethane prepolymer was studied using tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The polyurethane particles were obtained by the dispersion of polyurethane prepolymer followed by radiation polymerization, in which the enzyme was immobilized on its surface by convalent bonding. The particle diameter of immobilized enzyme particles varied with monomer concentration and composition. The enzymatic activity of immobilized enzyme particles varied with the temperature of dispersion and irradiation, and decreased with increasing particle diameter.     

聚氨酯/Al2O3纳米复合材料的制备和性能

采用原位聚合法制备聚氨酯(PU)/Al2O3纳米复合材料.DSC和FT-IR测试结果表明:PU/Al2O3纳米复合材料中的氨酯羰基氢键化程度和硬段的有序化程度较纯PU低,且PU软硬段间有更好的相混合程度;TEM照片显示:Al2O3以纳米尺寸较均匀地分散在PU体系中,且纳米Al2O3粒子与PU基体有较强的界面作用;力学性能测试结果表明:少量纳米Al2O3粒子的加入,对PU材料有很好的增强和增韧效果.     

阳离子聚氨酯/CeO2纳米复合材料的制备

二氧化铈;阳离子聚氨酯/CeO2纳米复合材料的制备     

Photopolymerization and Characteristics of Polyurethane/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Different polymerizable ammonium surfactants were successfully synthesized via Michael‐addition and quaternarization reactions. Organoclays containing reactive methacrylate groups were prepared by the cationic exchange process. Intercalated nanocomposites were produced by UV initiated polymerization with 5 wt.‐% organophilic clay loading. DMTA tests and tensile analysis implied that a long chain polymerizable modifier could crosslink with the polymer matrix, and mechanical and tensile properties were enhanced dramatically about 80%. Water sorption was not elevated, which was determined by the polymer itself and the hydrophobicity of the modifier, although the water permeation was improved.