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采用阴极电沉积和阳极氧化法制备了Fe2O3改性TiO2纳米管(Fe2O3/TiO2-NTs)电极,运用场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射和紫外-可见漫反射光谱等手段对其进行了表征,考察了其光电化学性能,并研究了复合电极光电催化降解甲基橙染料废水的反应性能.结果表明,Fe2O3的负载成功地将TiO2-NTs的光响应区间拓宽到可见光区域,Fe2O3/TiO2-NTs复合电极的光电流密度达到TiO2-NTs电极的3倍.在光电催化反应中,Fe2O3/TiO2-NTs复合电极对甲基橙的脱色效果明显优于TiO2-NTs电极,以Fe2O3/TiO2-NTs为阳极,光照5min,甲基橙溶液的脱色率可达90%以上. 相似文献
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单分散TiO2亚微米球的制备与表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用乙腈与乙醇混合溶剂体系制备出了单分散的亚微米级TiO2球形胶体颗粒, 并对乙腈相对含量以及实验温度等参数的影响进行了研究. 结果表明5 ℃下乙腈相对含量为70%时可制得高质量的单分散胶体颗粒. 通过TEM、SEM、粒度分析等表征手段, 表明所得胶体颗粒平均直径约为540 nm, 标准偏差在5%以内, 颗粒的多分布系数为0.013, TG-DSC分析表明胶体颗粒为含水量很少的水合TiO2; XRD分析表明单分散TiO2胶体颗粒在600 ℃高温烧结由无定型转变为锐钛矿型, 在900 ℃高温烧结则开始出现金红石型. 相似文献
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采用水解胶溶法和旋转涂膜法分别制备出TiO2纳米粒子溶胶和TiO2/ITO薄膜,
采用浸泡法制备出苯封四聚苯胺(聚苯胺)/TiO2/ITO薄膜电极.
利用表面光电压谱、光致循环伏安和光电流作用谱测定了TiO2的禁带宽度和表面态能级、聚苯胺的
HOMO-LUMO能级宽度和双极化子能级, 确定了聚苯胺/TiO2/ITO薄膜电极能带结构.
进一步分析了聚苯胺/TiO2/ITO薄膜电极的光电转换特性及光致界面电荷转移的机理. 相似文献
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研究了Ho3+离子表面修饰对TiO2纳米晶电极光电性能的影响. TiO2表面氧化钬的存在一方面降低了染料和TiO2之间的电子注入速率, 而另一方面它也能够抑制电荷复合. 结果表明, 在TiO2纳米晶薄膜表面修饰一定厚度的Ho3+离子层, 在电极表面就形成了一个势垒, 能够有效抑制电极表面的电荷复合, 从而提高了染料敏化太阳能电池的光电压和光电转化效率. 在93.1 mW·cm-2白光照射下, TiO2/Ho-0.1 和TiO2/Ho-0.2(0.1 和0.2分别是修饰TiO2电极的Ho3+溶液的浓度, 单位是mol·L-1)两个电极的光电转化效率分别达到8.3%和7.6%, 与TiO2电极(7.2%)比较, 分别增大了15%和5%. 相似文献
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掺杂TiO2光催化膜材料的制备及其灭菌机理 总被引:84,自引:0,他引:84
采用sol-gel技术制备了掺杂TiO2膜,考察了制备条件对溶胶稳定性的影响,并从TiO2光催化反应的角度分析了膜功能材料的灭菌机理.结果表明,溶胶化过程中温度对掺杂胶体形成速度及胶体粒径分布影响很大,40℃时制备周期短,胶体稳定.TiO2膜材料的灭菌本质在于其光照激活后产生的自由基OH·和O-2·直接攻击细菌的细胞,致使细菌蛋白质变异或脂类分解,从而杀灭细菌并使之分解.TiO2膜功能材料的灭菌效果与TiO2晶相组成直接相关,其灭菌率随膜层中锐钛矿含量的增加而提高. 相似文献
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研究了Ho3+离子表面修饰对TiO2纳米晶电极光电性能的影响.TiO2表面氧化钬的存在一方而降低了染料和TiO2之间的电子注入速率,而另一方面它也能够抑制电荷复合.结果表明,在TiO2纳米晶薄膜表面修饰一定厚度的HO3+离子层,在电极表面就形成了一个势垒,能够有效抑制电极表面的电荷复合,从而提高了染料敏化太阳能电池的光电压和光电转化效率.在93.1 mW·cm-2白光照射下,TiO2/Ho-0.1和TiO2/Ho-0.2(0.1和0.2分别是修饰TjO2电极的Ho3+液的浓度,单位是mol·L-1)两个电极的光电转化效率分别达到8.3%和7.6%,与TiO2电极(7.2%)比较,分别增大了15%和5%. 相似文献
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Jing Han Jin Mao Chen Xiao Wen Zhou Yuan Lin Jing Bo Zhang Jian Guang Jia 《中国化学快报》2008,19(8):1004-1007
The screen-printed nanoporous TiO2 thin film was employed to fabricate dye-sensitized solid-state solar cells using CuI as hole-transport materials. The solar cell based on nanoporous TiO2 thin film with large pores formed by the addition of polystyrene balls with diameter of 200 nm to the TiO2 paste exhibits photovoltaic performance enhancement, which is attributed to the good contact of CuI with surface of dye-sensitized thin film due to easy penetration of CuI in the film with large pores. 相似文献
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Highly efficient plastic substrate dye-sensitized solar cells using a compression method for preparation of TiO(2) photoelectrodes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yamaguchi T Tobe N Matsumoto D Arakawa H 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2007,(45):4767-4769
The efficiency of a plastic-substrate dye-sensitized solar cell was much improved by a new method consisting of a press method without heat treatment, light confinement effect of TiO(2) film and water-based TiO(2) paste; this device shows the highest light-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency based on plastic-substrate dye-sensitized solar cells, 7.4% under 100 mW cm(-2) (1 sun) AM1.5 illumination. 相似文献
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Dai P Zhang G Chen Y Jiang H Feng Z Lin Z Zhan J 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2012,48(24):3006-3008
Porous copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin film was prepared via a solvothermal approach. Compared with conventional dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), double junction photoelectrochemical cells using dye-sensitized n-type TiO(2) (DS-TiO(2)) as the photoanode and porous p-type CZTS film as the photocathode shows an increased short circuit current, external quantum efficiency and power conversion efficiency. 相似文献
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Xin X Scheiner M Ye M Lin Z 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2011,27(23):14594-14598
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were prepared by capitalizing on mesoporous P-25 TiO(2) nanoparticle film sensitized with N719 dyes. Subjecting TiO(2) nanoparticle films to TiCl(4) treatment, the device performance was improved. More importantly, O(2) plasma processing of TiO(2) film that was not previously TiCl(4)-treated resulted in a lower efficiency; by contrast, subsequent O(2) plasma exposure after TiCl(4) treatment markedly enhanced the power conversion efficiency, PCE, of DSSCs. Remarkably, with TiCl(4) and O(2) plasma treatments dye-sensitized TiO(2) nanoparticle solar cells produced with 21 μm thick TiO(2) film illuminated under 100 mW/cm(2) exhibited a PCE as high as 8.35%, twice of untreated cells of 3.86%. 相似文献
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D. W. Zhang X. D. Li S. Chen F. Tao Z. Sun X. J. Yin S. M. Huang 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2010,14(9):1541-1546
Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) have been studied for counter-electrode application in dye-sensitized solar cells
(DSCs). Mesoporous TiO2 films are prepared from the commercial TiO2 nanopowders by screen-printing technique on optically
transparent-conducting glasses. A metal-free organic dye (indoline dye D102) is used as a sensitizer. DWCNTs are applied to
substitute for platinum as counter-electrode materials. Morphological and electrochemical properties of the formed counter
electrodes are investigated by scanning electronic microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The
electronic and ionic processes in platinum and DWCNT-based DSCs are analyzed and discussed. The catalytic activity and DSC
performance of DWCNTs and Pt are compared. A conversion efficiency of 6.07% has been obtained for DWCNT counter-electrode
DSCs. This efficiency is comparable to that of platinum counter-electrode-based devices. 相似文献
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Modified phthalocyanines for efficient near-IR sensitization of nanostructured TiO(2) electrode 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
He J Benkö G Korodi F Polívka T Lomoth R Akermark B Sun L Hagfeldt A Sundström V 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2002,124(17):4922-4932
A zinc phthalocyanine with tyrosine substituents (ZnPcTyr), modified for efficient far-red/near-IR performance in dye-sensitized nanostructured TiO(2) solar cells, and its reference, glycine-substituted zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcGly), were synthesized and characterized. The compounds were studied spectroscopically, electrochemically, and photoelectrochemically. Incorporating tyrosine groups into phthalocyanine makes the dye ethanol-soluble and reduces surface aggregation as a result of steric effects. The performance of a solar cell based on ZnPcTyr is much better than that based on ZnPcGly. Addition of 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholic acid (cheno) and 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) to the dye solution when preparing a dye-sensitized TiO(2) electrode diminishes significantly the surface aggregation and, therefore, improves the performance of solar cells based on these phthalocyanines. The highest monochromatic incident photo-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of approximately 24% at 690 nm and an overall conversion efficiency (eta) of 0.54% were achieved for a cell based on a ZnPcTyr-sensitized TiO(2) electrode. Addition of TBP in the electrolyte decreases the IPCE and eta considerably, although it increases the open-circuit photovoltage. Time-resolved transient absorption measurements of interfacial electron-transfer kinetics in a ZnPcTyr-sensitized nanostructured TiO(2) thin film show that electron injection from the excited state of the dye into the conduction band of TiO(2) is completed in approximately 500 fs and that more than half of the injected electrons recombines with the oxidized dye molecules in approximately 300 ps. In addition to surface aggregation, the very fast electron recombination is most likely responsible for the low performance of the solar cell based on ZnPcTyr. 相似文献
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Room-temperature preparation of nanocrystalline TiO2 films and the influence of surface properties on dye-sensitized solar energy conversion 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Zhang D Downing JA Knorr FJ McHale JL 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2006,110(43):21890-21898
An extremely easy method is presented for producing surfactant-free films of nanocrystalline TiO2 at room temperature with excellent mechanical stability when deposited on glass or plastic electrodes for dye-sensitized solar energy conversion. Prolonged magnetic stirring of commercial TiO2 nanoparticles (Degussa P25) in either ethanol or water results in highly homogeneous dispersions which are used to prepare TiO2 films with surface properties which depend on the solvent used for dispersing the particles, even after sintering. The optical and mechanical properties of films cast from ethanol and water dispersions are compared, and differences in the extent of surface defects and dye binding are observed. Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and resonance Raman spectra of TiO2 films sensitized with Ru(4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine)2(NCS)2 ("N3") reveal that the electronic coupling of the dye and semiconductor depends on the surface structure of the film which varies with film preparation. Current-voltage data for illuminated and dark dye-sensitized solar cells are obtained as a function of film preparation, and results are compared to spectroscopic data in order to interpret the microscopic basis for variations in solar cell performance, especially with regard to sintered versus unsintered TiO2 films. The results suggest that surface traps associated with oxygen vacancies play a critical role in determining the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar energy conversion through their influence on the binding and electronic coupling of the dye to the semiconductor. 相似文献
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制备了TiO2纳米颗粒和ZnO纳米棒混合的多孔薄膜电极, 利用瞬态光电压技术研究了染料敏化TiO2/ZnO薄膜中光生载流子的传输特性. 实验结果表明, ZnO纳米棒增加了薄膜中自由电子扩散速率, 减小了复合几率, 改善了能量转换效率. 相似文献
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TiO2 Nanoparticles Produced by Electric-Discharge-Nanofluid-Process as Photoelectrode of DSSC
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Self-made TiO2 nanoparticles were used as photoelectrode material of dye sensitized solar cell. The TiO2 thin film coats through spreading nanoparticles evenly onto the ITO glass via self-made spin-heat platform, and then TiO2 thin film is soaked in the dye N-719 more than 12 h to prepare the photoelectrode device. The TiO2 nanoparticles produced by electric-discharge-nanofluid-process have premium anatase crystal property, and its diameter can be controlled within a range of 20-50 nm. The surface energy zeta potential of nanofluid is from -22 mV to -28.8 mV, it is a stable particle suspension in the deionized water. A trace of surfactant Triton X-100 put upon the surface of ITO glass can produce a uniform and dense TiO2 thin film and heating up the spin platform to 200 oC is able to eliminate mixed surfac-tant. Self-made TiO2 film presents excellent dye absorption performance and even doesn't need heat treatment procedure to enhance essential property. Results of energy analysis show the thicker film structure will increase the short-circuit current density that causes higher conversion efficiency. But, as the film structure is large and thick, both the open-circuit voltage and fill factor will decline gradually to lead bad efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell. 相似文献
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Titania nanocomposite films were fabricated by spin-coating from sol-gel derived pastes of TiO2 powder in titanium isopropoxide sol. The thin films were characterized for structural, optical and hydrophilic properties
and evaluated as electrodes in a photoelectrochemical cell. Addition of TiO2 powder increased film thickness, reduced transmittance, water contact angle and electrochemical impedance, and promoted photocurrent
generation. Increasing Triton X-100 surfactant loading in the composite slurry influenced film texture and transmittance,
and the resultant films exhibited a lower photocurrent yield but were more hydrophilic to favor charge transfer at the electrode/electrolyte
interface. The aggregation of TiO2 particles of different sizes in the composite film facilitates light-scattering and electron transport to enhance quantum
efficiency. The addition of Triton X-100 surfactant influences the distribution of scattering centers to increase transparency. 相似文献