Inhomogeneous States in a Nonlinear Self-Focusing Medium Generated by a Nonlinear Defect

A model of a planar defect with nonlinear properties, which separates media with a Kerr-type nonlinearity, has been considered. It has been found that new steady states appear in a medium with self-focusing because of the nonlinearity of the defect, which do not occur in the case of a linear defect. The energies of such states have been obtained in an analytical form. The conditions for existence of such states have been determined depending on the characteristics of the defect and medium.     

Localized Waves in Nonlinear Systems with Spatially Inhomogeneous Nonlinearity

A type of （2＋1）-dimensional nonlinear Schrǒdinger equation with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearity and an external potential is studied. It is found that special external potentials and spatially nonlinearities can support nonlinear localized waves.     

Dissipative Vortex Solitons in Defocusing Media with Spatially Inhomogeneous Nonlinear Absorption

In this paper, by solving a complex nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation, radially symmetric dissipative vortex solitons are obtained analytically and are tested numerically. We find that spatially inhomogeneous nonlinear absorption gives rise to the stability of dissipative vortex solitons in self-defocusing nonlinear medium in the presence of constant linear gain. Numerical simulation reveals the interaction effect among linear gain and nonlinear loss in the azimuthal modulation instabilities of these vortices suppression. Apart from the uniform linear gain indeed affects the stability of vortex in this media, another noticeable feature of current setup is that the steep spatial modulation of the nonlinear absorption can suppress sidelobes effectively and support stable vortex solitons in situations with uniform linear gain.Under appropriate conditions, the vortex solitons can propagate stably and feature no symmetry breaking, although the beams exhibit radical compression and amplification as they propagate.     

具有非线性缺陷的光子晶体的局域模

采用传输矩阵的方法，严格导出一维具有克尔非线性缺陷的光子晶体的局域模频率方程。局域模频率依赖于局域光强。取负克尔系数时，随着局域光强的增加，局域模频率从下带边出现，在带隙间上升，最后消失在上带边。在给定人射光频率下，随着人射光强的变化，系统呈现出双稳态。这种光学稳态性质则由局域模频率的移动引起的。     

Dissipation of Nonlinear Wave in Inhomogeneous Dust Plasma Crystal

A Korteweg-de Vires-type （KdV-type） equation and a modified Nonlinear Schrodinger equation （NLSE） for the dust lattice wave （DLW） are derived in a weakly inhomogeneous dust plasma crystal. It seems that the amplitude and the velocity of the dust lattice solitary waves decay exponentiaJly with increasing time in a dust lattice. The modulational instability of this dust lattice envelope waves is investigated as well. It is found that the waves are modulational stable under certain conditions. On the other hand, the waves are modulationaJ unstable if the conditions are not satisfied.     

Dissipation of Nonlinear Wave in Inhomogeneous Dust Plasma Crystal

A Korteweg-de Vires-type (KdV-type) equation and a modifiedNonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) for the dust lattice wave(DLW) are derived in a weakly inhomogeneous dust plasma crystal. Itseems that the amplitude and the velocity of the dust lattice solitary waves decay exponentially with increasing time in a dust lattice. The modulational instability of this dust lattice envelope waves is investigated as well. It is found that the waves are modulational stable under certain conditions. On the other hand, the waves are modulational unstable if the conditions are not satisfied.     

Nonlocal Free Energy of a Spatially Inhomogeneous Superconductor

The microscopic approach is developed for obtaining of the free energy of a superconductor based on direct calculation of the vacuum amplitude. The free energy functional of the spatially inhomogeneous superconductor in a magnetic field is obtained with help of the developed approach. The obtained functional is generalization of Ginzburg-Landau functionals for any temperature, for arbitrary spatial variations of the order parameter and for the nonlocality of a magnetic response and the order parameter. Moreover, the nonlocality of the magnetic response is the consequence of order parameter's nonlocality. The extremals of this functional are considered in the explicit form in the low- and high-temperature limit at the condition of slowness of spatial variations of the order parameter.     

Singular Limit of a Reaction-Diffusion Equation with a Spatially Inhomogeneous Reaction Term

We study reaction-diffusion equations with a spatially inhomogeneous reaction term. If the coefficient of these reaction term is much larger than the diffusion coefficient, a sharp interface appears between two different phases. We show that the equation of motion of such an interface involves a drift term despite the absence of drift in the original diffusion equations. In particular, we show that the same rich spatial patterns observed for a chemotaxis-growth model can be realized by a system without a drift term.     

Spatially Inhomogeneous Gain Modification in Photonic Crystals

The electric and magnetic energy distributions in photonic crystals （PC） are calculated by using the plane wave expansion （PWE） method. Even though the total electric and magnetic energy in each unit cell of photonic crystals are equal to each other, the ratio of electric and magnetic energy densities varies depending on the local position. Based on Fermi＇s golden rule, the optical gain is analysed in the full quantum framework that takes the nonuniform energy density ratio into account. This nonuniform energy density ratio in photonic crystals, defined in an equal form as gain modification factor, leads to spatially inhomogeneous modification of optical gain. Results reported in the paper provide a new perspective for analysing gain characteristics, as well as the lasing properties, in photonic crystals.     

Singular Limit of a p-Laplacian Reaction-Diffusion Equation with a Spatially Inhomogeneous Reaction Term

We study singular limit of a p-Laplacian reaction-diffusion equation with a spatially inhomogeneous reaction term. The coefficient of the reaction term is much larger than the diffusion coefficient and sharp interfaces appear between two phases. We show by matched asymptotic expansions that the limit equation (interface equation) is a mean curvature flow with drift terms, similar to the case p = 2.     

Nonlinear Instability of Inhomogeneous Steady States Solutions to the HMF Model

Journal of Statistical Physics - In this work we prove the nonlinear instability of inhomogeneous steady states solutions to the Hamiltonian mean field (HMF) model. We first study the linear...     

Light Diffraction on Ultrasound in a Spatially Periodic Acoustic Field

Optics and Spectroscopy - Characteristic features of anisotropic light diffraction in a spatially periodic acoustic field created by a sectioned piezoelectric transducer with antiphase excitation...     

Dark Solitons for the Defocusing Cubic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with the Spatially Periodic Potential and Nonlinearity

We study the existence of dark solitons of the defocusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) eqaution with the spatially-periodic potential and nonlinearity. Firstly, we propose six families of upper and lower solutions of the dynamical systems arising from the stationary defocusing NLS equation. Secondly, by regarding a dark soliton as a heteroclinic orbit of the Poincaré map, we present some constraint conditions for the periodic potential and nonlinearity to show the existence of stationary dark solitons of the defocusing NLS equation for six different cases in terms of the theory of strict lower and upper solutions and the dynamics of planar homeomorphisms. Finally, we give the explicit dark solitons of the defocusing NLS equation with the chosen periodic potential and nonlinearity.     

Double Wronskian Solutions for a Generalized Nonautonomous Nonlinear Equation in a Nonlinear Inhomogeneous Fiber

A generalized nonautonomous nonlinear equation, which describes the ultrashort optical pulse propagating in a nonlinear inhomogeneous fiber, is investigated. N-soliton solutions for such an equation are constructed and verified with the Wronskian technique. Collisions among the three solitons are discussed and illustrated, and effects of the coefficientsσ1(x, t),σ2(x, t),σ3(x, t) and v(x, t) on the collisions are graphically analyzed, whereσ1(x, t),σ2(x, t),σ3(x, t) and v(x, t) are the first-, second-, third-order dispersion parameters and an inhomogeneous parameter related to the phase modulation and gain(loss), respectively. The head-on collisions among the three solitons are observed, where the collisions are elastc. Whenσ1(x, t) is chosen as the function of x, amplitudes of the solitons do not alter, but the speed of one of the solitons changes.σ2(x, t) is found to affect the amplitudes and speeds of the two of the solitons. It reveals that the collision features of the solitons alter withσ3(x, t)=-1.8x. Additionally, traveling directions of the three solitons are observed to be parallel when we change the value of v(x, t).     

Double Wronskian Solutions for a Generalized Nonautonomous Nonlinear Equation in a Nonlinear Inhomogeneous Fiber

A generalized nonautonomous nonlinear equation, which describes the ultrashort optical pulse propagating in a nonlinear inhomogeneous fiber, is investigated. N-soliton solutions for such an equation are constructed and verified with the Wronskian technique. Collisions among the three solitons are discussed and illustrated, and effects of the coefficients σ₁(x, t), σ₂(x, t), σ₃(x, t) and v(x, t) on the collisions are graphically analyzed, where σ₁(x, t), σ₂(x, t), σ₃(x, t) and v(x, t) are the first-, second-, third-order dispersion parameters and an inhomogeneous parameter related to the phase modulation and gain(loss), respectively. The head-on collisions among the three solitons are observed, where the collisions are elastc. When σ₁(x, t) is chosen as the function of x, amplitudes of the solitons do not alter, but the speed of one of the solitons changes. σ₂(x, t) is found to affect the amplitudes and speeds of the two of the solitons. It reveals that the collision features of the solitons alter with σ₃(x, t)=-1.8x. Additionally, traveling directions of the three solitons are observed to be parallel when we change the value of v(x, t).     

光子晶体中缺陷的色散导致的群速度降低

利用传输矩阵方法计算了包含色散媒质缺陷的一维光子晶体的复透射系数，其中色散媒质用洛仑兹振子模型描述。计算了由复透射系数定义的等效复折射率并由此研究了频谱位于缺陷模频率附近的光脉冲的群速度。结果发现，由于缺陷模附近的透射谱敏感地依赖于缺陷层的光学厚度，而缺陷层的色散使缺陷层光学厚度随频率变化而改变，从而使包含缺陷的光子晶体的等效色散性质明显地依赖于缺陷的色散行为。由于光脉冲是由多种频率成分的单色场迭加构成的，透射脉冲由各单色场透射后重新迭加构成，因此波包的传播由介质的等效色散性质决定。与包含无色散缺陷的光子晶体相比，缺陷的色散可导致极慢的群速度。通过改变振子强度，群速度可从极慢光速转变为超光速(superluminal)。     

Analysis of Nonlinear TE Waves in a Periodic Refractive Index Structure with a Nonlinear Cladding

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Nonlinear Maxwell Equations in Inhomogeneous Media

We study the basic properties of the Maxwell equations for nonlinear inhomogeneous media. Assuming the classical nonlinear optics representation for the nonlinear polarization as a power series, we show that the solution exists and is unique in an appropriate space if the excitation current is not too large. The solution to the nonlinear Maxwell equations is represented as a power series in terms of the solution of the corresponding linear Maxwell equations. This representation holds at least for the time period inversely proportional to the appropriate norm of the solution to the linear Maxwell equation. We derive recursive formulas for the terms of the power series for the solution including an explicit formula for the first significant term attributed to the nonlinearity.