共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 10 毫秒
1.
D. N. Makarov 《Annalen der Physik》2017,529(10)
At present, the sources of entangled photons have a low rate of photon generation. This limitation is a key component of quantum informatics for the realization of such functions as linear quantum computation and quantum teleportation. In this paper, we propose a method for high intensity generation of entangled photons in a two‐mode electromagnetic field. On the basis of exact solutions of the Schrödinger equation, when electrons interact in an atom with a strong two‐mode electromagnetic field, it is shown that there may be large quantum entanglement between photons. The quantum entanglement is analyzed on the basis of the Schmidt parameter. It is shown that the Schmidt parameter can reach very high values depending on the choice of characteristics of the two‐mode fields. We find the Wigner function for the considered case. Violation of Bell's inequalities for continuous variables is demonstrated. 相似文献
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We derive an exact infinite set of coupled ordinary differential equations describing the evolution of the modes of the classical electromagnetic field inside an ideal cavity containing a thin slab with the time-dependent conductivity σ(t) and dielectric permittivity ε(t) for the dispersion-less media. We analyze this problem in connection with the attempts to simulate the so-called dynamical Casimir effect in three-dimensional electromagnetic cavities containing a thin semiconductor slab periodically illuminated by strong laser pulses. Therefore, we assume that functions σ(t) and δε(t) = ε(t) ? ε(0) are different from zero during short time intervals (pulses) only. Our main goal here is to find the conditions under which the initial nonzero classical field could be amplified after a single pulse (or a series of pulses). We obtain approximate solutions to the dynamical equations in the cases of “small” and “big” maximal values of the functions σ(t) and δε(t). We show that the single-mode approximation used in the previous studies can be justified in the case of “small” perturbations, but the initially excited field mode cannot be amplified in this case if the laser pulses generate free carriers inside the slab. The amplification could be possible, in principle, for extremely high maximum values of conductivity and the concentration of free carries (the model of an “almost ideal conductor”) created inside the slab under the crucial condition providing the negativity of the function δε(t). This result follows from a simple approximate analytical solution confirmed by exact numerical calculations. However, the evaluation shows that the necessary energy of laser pulses must be, probably, unrealistically high. 相似文献
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On the Gauge Invariance of the Transition Probability of a Charged Particle in Electromagnetic Field
This paper suggests a principle to find a unitary operator U which transforms non-physical quantity,zero-potential Hamiltonian Ho, into true physical quantity UHoU for a charged particle in classical electromagneticfield, and puts forward a unified form of constructing gauge-independent transition probabilities in this case. Differentmethods correspond to different unitary operators which satisfy the above-mentioned principle. 相似文献
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François Golse Clément Mouhot Thierry Paul 《Communications in Mathematical Physics》2016,343(1):165-205
The main result in this paper is a new inequality bearing on solutions of the N-body linear Schrödinger equation and of the mean field Hartree equation. This inequality implies that the mean field limit of the quantum mechanics of N identical particles is uniform in the classical limit and provides a quantitative estimate of the quality of the approximation. This result applies to the case of C1,1 interaction potentials. The quantity measuring the approximation of the N-body quantum dynamics by its mean field limit is analogous to the Monge–Kantorovich (or Wasserstein) distance with exponent 2. The inequality satisfied by this quantity is reminiscent of the work of Dobrushin on the mean field limit in classical mechanics [Func. Anal. Appl. 13, 115–123, (1979)]. Our approach to this problem is based on a direct analysis of the N-particle Liouville equation, and avoids using techniques based on the BBGKY hierarchy or on second quantization. 相似文献
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《光子学报》2015,(6)
提出一种基于等时间间隔内光子数奇偶随机性光量子随机源.将连续波激光二极管发射的光衰减成离散的单光子序列,利用雪崩光电二极管单光子探测模块来探测光子,通过测量等时间内探测到光子数的奇偶性来提取随机位.研制出了基于现场可编程门阵列的随机位提取电路,测试和分析了时间间隔大小和单光子计数模块的性能参量对所设计随机源提取随机数性能的影响.根据系统平均计数率自动设置时间间隔大小,实现了偏差小、速度快的随机位产生器.所设计随机源工作在计数率为20 Mcps,时间间隔设置为0.5μs时,可获得2 Mbit/s的随机位产生速率.运用随机性检测包ENT和STS对所获得的随机位序列进行测试,表明序列的随机性满足真随机数标准,不需要后续处理. 相似文献
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Harry Schiff 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2011,50(2):418-429
Electromagnetic properties of quark-like particles are examined in a classical field model involving extended dual electromagnetic
fields. These can have fractional charges and a confining potential that derives essentially completely from a short-range
weaker potential. The combined potentials exhibit an asymptotically free spherical surface and contribute to the masses of
the particles. The quarks are shown to have an intrinsic symmetry that describes their structures in hadrons. Multi-quark
solutions are easily obtained for both stable and unstable particles. Each quark can undergo simple harmonic motion in a range
of frequencies. 相似文献
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Employing positive-definiteness arguments we analyse Boson field states, which combine classical and quantum mechanical features (signal and noise), in a constructive manner. Mathematically, they constitute Bauer simplexes within the convex, weak-*-compact state space of the C*-Weyl algebra, defined by a presymplectic test function space (smooth one-Boson wave functions) and are affinely homeomorphic to a state space of a classical field. The regular elements are expressed in terms of weak distributions (probability premeasures) on the dual test function space. The Bauer simplex arising from the bare vacuum is shown to generalize the quantum optical photon field states with positive P-functions. 相似文献
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S. Habib Mazharimousavi 《Annalen der Physik》2023,535(1):2200249
In the framework of an electromagnetic field coupled nonminimally with a scalar field in flat spacetime, the existence of a non-singular electric field is proved for a point electric charge or electric monopole. In analogy with the Maxwell-dilaton system introduced by Gibbons and Wells, first, a Maxwell-anti-dilaton system is constructed where the radial electric field of a static electric monopole is coupled to an anti-dilaton. The field equations are solved analytically for the electric and dilaton fields and observe the nonsingular electric field. Also, the self-energy of the electric monopole is found to be finite. Furthermore, the formalism to a Maxwell-scalar field is generalized where a mechanism is introduced upon which the coupled regular-electric field and scalar field is obtained. The formalism shows that for a given regular electric field there are two supersymmetric coupling functions corresponding to a scalar and a phantom field. 相似文献
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Correlation functions of ferromagnetic spin systems satisfying a Lee-Yang property are studied. It is shown that, for classical systems in a non-vanishing uniform external magnetic field h, the connected correlation functions decay exponentially in the distances between the spins, i.e., the inverse correlation length (“mass gap”), m(h), is strictly positive. Our proof is very short and transparent and is valid for complex values of the external magnetic field h, provided that \(\mathrm {Re}\, h \not = 0\). It implies a mean-field lower bound on m(h), as \(h \searrow 0\), first established by Lebowitz and Penrose for the Ising model. Our arguments also apply to some quantum spin systems. 相似文献
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双模压缩场与V型原子相互作用光场的性质 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
研究了双模压缩真空场与V型三能级运动原子的相互作用,得到光场二阶相干度和模间相干度的解析表达式;通过数值计算分析了原子运动速度、场模结构参数和平均光子数对光场二阶相干度和模间相干度的影响.结果表明:平均光子数的增加使得二阶相干度和模间相干度显著增大;而原子运动速度、模场结构参数的增加虽然对光子聚束效应和反聚束效应的强度影响不大,却使其演化周期大大减小. 相似文献
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LIN Qiong-Gui 《理论物理通讯》2002,38(12)
A nonrelativistic charged particle moving in an anisotropic harmonic oscillator potential plus a homogeneousstatic electromagnetic field is studied. Several configurations of the electromagnetic field are considered. The Schrodingerequation is solved analytically in most of the cases. The energy levels and wave functions are obtained explicitly. Insome of the cases, the ground state obtained is not a minimum wave packet, though it is of the Gaussian type. Coherentand squeezed states and their time evolution axe discussed in detail. 相似文献
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A numerical simulation code for three dimensional problems of near-field optics has been developed using the volume integral equation with the moment method. The object is assumed to be continuous and macroscopic dielectric and can be treated by macroscopic Maxwell#x0027;s equations. The code can treat the large-scale moment method matrix that is obtained by the discretization of the volume integral equation. The resultant matrix equation is solved by an iteration method called the generalized minimum residual method with reasonable computational cost for simple problems of near field optics. Simulation of a simplified model of a scanning near-field optical microscope has been performed and basic polarization characteristics of the system have been investigated in detail. The code is also applied to the collection-mode of a photon scanning tunneling microscope, where the incident wave is the evanescent wave, and basic relation between near-field and far field i.e., output image, is recognized. 相似文献
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Optics and Spectroscopy - The process of vacuum birefringence in a strong electromagnetic field is investigated, in which a probe photon changes its polarization when passing through a... 相似文献
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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - We propose a collective decay model for a localized ensemble of identical atoms in a vacuum broadband electromagnetic field with a nonzero photon... 相似文献
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LIN Qiong-Gui 《理论物理通讯》2002,38(6):667-670
A nonrelativistic charged particle moving in an anisotropic harmonic
oscillator potential plus a homogeneous static electromagnetic field
is studied. Several configurations of the electromagnetic field are
considered. The Schrödinger equation is solved analytically in most
of the cases. The energy levels and wave functions are obtained
explicitly. In some of the cases, the ground state obtained is not a
minimum wave packet, though it is of the Gaussian type. Coherent and
squeezed states and their time evolution are discussed in detail. 相似文献